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Trp_(548)met mutation of acetolactate synthase in rice confers resistance to a broad spectrum of ALS-inhibiting herbicides

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 750-758页

作者： Lei Chen Gang gu Chengxu Wang Zhufeng Chen Wei Yan man Jin Gang Xie Junli Zhou Xing Wang Deng Xiaoyan Tang guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631GuangdongChina Shenzhen Institute of molecular Crop Design Shenzhen 518107GuangdongChina Institute of Plant and Food Sciences Department of BiologySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

Herbicide resistance in crop plants is valuable for integrated weed management in agriculture. Herbicide resistant rice, in particular, is important to management of weedy rice, a close relative of cultivated rice and a noxious weed prevalent in rice fields that remains challenging to farmers worldwide. Herbicide resistant plants can be obtained through transgenic approach or by mutagenesis of regular plant and screening of mutants with elevated resistance to herbicide. In this study, we conducted ethyl methyl sulfonate mutagenesis(EmS) to elite indica cultivar Huanghuazhan(HHZ) and screened for mutants resistant to imazapic, a herbicide that can inhibit the acetolactate synthase(ALS) in plants. We obtained three mutants of Os ALS gene that have not been reported previously in rice. One of the mutants, with Trp_(548) changed to met(W_(548)m), was analyzed in more details in this study. This mutation had no negative effect on the plant physiology and morphology as well as rice yield. Compared with the imidazolinone-resistant mutant S_(627)N(Ser_(627) changed to Asn) that has been deployed for Clearfield rice development, W_(548)m mutant showed high levels of resistance to a broad spectrum of five families of ALSinhibiting herbicides, in addition to a higher level of resistance to herbicides of the imidazolinone *** herbicide-resistance was stably inherited by crossing into other rice lines. Thus, the W_(548)m mutation provides a valuable resource for breeding of herbicide resistant rice and weed management.

关键词： ALS-inhibiting herbicide Herbicide tolerance Acetolactate synthase Rice mutant

On the loss mechanisms of radiation belt electron dropouts during the 12 September 2014 geomagnetic storm

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第6期4卷 598-610页

作者： Xin ma Zheng Xiang BinBin Ni Song Fu Xing Cao man Hua DeYu guo YingJie guo XuDong gu ZeYuan Liu Qi Zhu Department of Space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China

Radiation belt electron dropouts indicate electron flux decay to the background level during geomagnetic storms,which is commonly attributed to the effects of wave-induced pitch angle scattering and magnetopause *** investigate the loss mechanisms of radiation belt electron dropouts triggered by a solar wind dynamic pressure pulse event on 12 September 2014,we comprehensively analyzed the particle and wave measurements from Van Allen *** dropout event was divided into three periods:before the storm,the initial phase of the storm,and the main phase of the *** electron pitch angle distributions(PADs)and electron flux dropouts during the initial and main phases of this storm were investigated,and the evolution of the radial profile of electron phase space density(PSD)and the(μ,K)dependence of electron PSD dropouts(whereμ,K,and L^*are the three adiabatic invariants)were *** energy-independent decay of electrons at L>4.5 was accompanied by butterfly PADs,suggesting that the magnetopause shadowing process may be the major loss mechanism during the initial phase of the storm at L>*** features of electron dropouts and 90°-peaked PADs were observed only for>1 meV electrons at Lmay dominate the electron loss processes at the lower L-shell during the main phase of the *** of the(μ,K)dependence of electron PSD drops and calculations of the minimum electron resonant energies of H+-band electromagnetic ion cyclotron(EmIC)waves support the scenario that the observed PSD drop peaks around L^*=3.9 may be caused mainly by the scattering of EmIC waves,whereas the drop peaks around L^*=4.6 may result from a combination of EmIC wave scattering and outward radial diffusion.

关键词： radiation belt electron flux dropouts geomagnetic storm electron phase space density magnetopause shadowing wave-particle interactions

Design and application of a novel coal-fired drum boiler using saline water in heavy oil recovery

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第4期14卷 715-725页

作者： Junping gu Yuxin WU Liping WU man ZHANG Hairui YANG Junfu LYU Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Yucheng Thermo Ltd. Karamay 834000China

In this paper,the design and operation of a novel coal-fired circulating fluidized bed(CFB)drum boiler that can generate superheated steam using saline water were *** natural circulation water dynamics with a drum was adopted instead of the traditional once-through steam generator(OTSG)design,so that superheated steam can be generated for the better performance of the steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD)technology in heavy oil *** optimized staged evaporation method was proposed to further decrease the salinity of water in the clean water section of the *** evaporating pipes of the salted water section were rearranged in the back pass of the boiler,where the heat load is low,to further improve the heat transfer safety.A CFB combustion technology was used for coal firing to achieve a uniform heat transfer condition with low heat *** control technologies were adopted to reduce pollutant *** on the field test,the recommended water standard for the coal-fired CFB drum boilers was *** the present technology,the treated recovery wastewater can be reused in steam-injection boilers to generate superheated *** engineering applications show that the boiler efficiency is higher than 90%,the blowdown rate is limited within 5.5%,and the superheat of steam can reach up to 30 ***,the heavy oil recovery efficiency is significantly ***,the pollutant emissions of SO2,NOV and dust are controlled within the ranges of 20-90 mg/(N·m^(3)),30-90 mg/(N·m^(3))and 2-10 mg/(N·m^(3))respectively.

关键词： drum steam injection boiler natural circulation recovery wastewater staged evaporation circulating fluidized bed(CFB)

Enhancement of Performance by Blade Optimization in Two-Stage Ring Blower

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第5期19卷 383-389页

作者： Choon-man Jang Gi-Young Han Plant Research Division Korea Institute of Construction Technology dh-m co. ltd.626-5Bulmo-dongSeo-guIncheon404-270Korea

This paper describes the shape optimization of an impeller used for two-stage high pressure ring *** shape variables,which are used to define an impeller shape,are introduced to increase the blower *** pressure of a blower is selected as an object function,and the blade optimization is performed by a response surface ***-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are introduced to analyze the internal flow of the blower and to find the value of object function for the training *** good agreement between experimental measurements and numerical simulation is obtained in the present *** the shape optimization,it is found that a hub height is effective to increase pressure in the ring *** pressure rise for the optimal two-stage ring blower is successfully increased up to 1.86% compared with that of reference at the design flow *** recirculation flow having low velocity is formed in both sides of the impeller outlet by different flow direction of the inlet and outlet of the *** flow field inside the ring blower is also analyzed and discussed.

关键词： Ring blower Blower performance Numerical simulation Blade optimization Response surface method

Establishment and application of an accurate identification method for fragrant soybeans

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第5期20卷 1193-1203页

作者： ZHANG Yong-fang ZHANG Chun-yan ZHANG Bo YIN man HONG Hui-long YU Li-li GAO Hua-wei gu Yong-zhe LIU Zhang-xiong LI Fu-heng QIU Li-juan College of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030P.R.China College of Life Sciences Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009P.R.China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement(NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Germplamsm Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24060USA

In order to screen the aroma characteristics of soybean,a new method was established which can quickly quantify the content of 2-acetyl-1pyrroline(2-AP),an important compound related to soybean aroma,using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-mS).Based on peak profile,total peak area and retention time as test indexes,an accurate identification method for fragrant soybeans was *** optimum parameters of the protocol consisted of column temperature70℃,sample injector temperature 180℃,optimum extraction alcohol content 1 m L,Na Cl content 0.1 g,ultrasonication time10 min,and extraction time 1 h,which were established by using the orthogonal test of single factors and three factors with four levels(L_9(3)^4).2-AP content of leaves had significant correlations with seeds,which were easier to *** protocol was simple and easy to carry out,consumed only small amounts of reagents,and provided accurate and reliable results with good reproducibility.A total of 101 soybean genotypes from different geographical sources were analyzed using this *** results showed that the average content of 2-AP was 0.29 mg L^(–1),ranging from 0.094 to 1.816 mg L^(–1),and the genetic diversity index was *** all genotypes-tested,they were classified into three grades,including seven elite genotypes identified as"grade one fragrant soybeans",which were Zhonglong 608,Heinong 88,Ha13-2958,Hongmiandou,Heinong 82,Huangmaodou,and Jiyu *** results provide both an identification technique and several elite aroma genotypes for gene discovery and good quality breeding in soybean.

关键词： soybean 2-acetyl-1pyrroline GC-mS quantification method germplasm

Growth of silicon nanowires in aqueous solution under atmospheric pressure

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Nano Research 2014年第6期7卷 898-902页

作者： Nae-man Park Chel-Jong Choi Components and materials Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) 161 Gajeong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-700 Republic of Korea School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering Semiconductor Physics Research Center Chonbuk National University 664-14 Deokjin-dong Deokjin-gu Jeonju 561-756 Republic of Korea

A new method for growing silicon nanowires is presented. They were grown in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 85℃ under atmospheric pressure by using sodium methylsiliconate as a water-soluble silicon precursor. The structure, morphology, and composition of the as-grown nanowires were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. It was also confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy that the silicon nanowire has a hexagonal structure. It was possible to grow the crystalline silicon nanowires at low temperature under atmospheric pressure because potassium iodide, which was used as a gold etchant, sufficiently increased the surface energy and reactivity of gold as a metal catalyst for the reaction of the Si precursor even at low temperature.

关键词： Silicon nanowire solution process metal catalyst hexagonal crystalline phase

Environmental friendly synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous platinum nanoparticles templated by fucoidan biopolymer for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2020年第11期42卷 185-190页

作者： Seung man Lim Kyunglee Kang Hongje Jang Jung Tae Park Department of Chemical Engineering Konkuk University120 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul 05029Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Kwangwoon University20 Cwangwoon-roNowon-guSeoul 01897Republic of Korea

Researching novel hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalysts with enhanced electrocatalytic activity,excellent stability,and cost-efficiency is of great significance for the large-scale hydrogen production from industrial electrolysis *** report the preparation of hierarchical mesoporous-Pt nanoparticles(Hm-Pt NPs)with coral-like rough surface morphologies using environmental friendly and biocompatible fucoidan(Fu)biopolymer as a surface engineering compound and its application to electrocatalysts for *** designed Hm-Pt NPs yields better mass activity of electrocatalysts compared to a commercial Pt/***-Pt NPs showed an overpotential of 33 mV at 10 mA cm-2 for the HER in 0.5 mH2SO4,which was highly comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C catalysts(29 mV).However,the amount of Hm-Pt NPs loaded in glassy carbon electrode(0.033 mg mL-1)was approximately 20 times lower than that of the commercial Pt/C(0.64 mg *** Hm-Pt NPs also maintained high catalytic stability with a consistent HER current density after 1000 continuous *** excellent HER performance is attributed to the improved electrochemical surface area,highly porous structure,and good surface wettability of the Hm-Pt NPs,which results in enhanced electrocatalytic activity,decreased resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface,and facile penetration of the electrolytes inside the electrode.

关键词： mesoporous Fucoidan Biopolymer Low Pt content Hydrogen evolution reaction

3D/4D printed versatile ﬁbre-based wearables for embroidery, AIE-chemosensing, and unidirectional draining

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Aggregate 2024年第3期5卷 374-383页

作者： Pengchao Liu Chengshengze Chu Wenqi Qiu Lizi Cheng Jialun gu Zhengyi mao Zheng Zhao Xinyuan He guo Liu Chen Peng Kwan man Ben Zhong Tang Jian Lu Department of mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina CityU-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute ShenzhenChina Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center The First Afﬁliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Surgery School of Clinical MedicineLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Centre for Advanced Structural materials City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteGreater Bay Joint DivisionShenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceShenzhenChina Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong KongChina Department of Radiology Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanomechanics City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Fibre-based wearables for embroidery,chemosensing,and bioﬂuid’s unidirectional draining with goodﬂexibility,tunability,and designability drive technological ***,synthetic polymerﬁbres are non-degradable,threatening the environment and human ***,we have developed versatile microﬁbre-based wearables by combining many advantages in one platform of biodegradable polylactic acid(PLA)and melt electrowriting *** potential applications of PLA wearables are achieved byﬂexibly designing their printingﬁles,components and ***-dimensional printingﬁles are generated from two-dimensional images to fabricate‘embroidery-like’***/aggregation-induced emissionﬂuorogens(AIE)chemosensors exhibit colorimetric andﬂuorescent colour changes upon exposure to amine *** PLA-cotton textiles with a hydropho-bic/hydrophilic structure could facilitate unidirectional draining of sweats which is favourable for the management of temperature and humidity on the surface of *** proposed platform can not only broaden the design possibilities in 3D/4D printing but also offer wide potential applications for functional wearables.

关键词： 3D/4D printing aggregation-induced emission chemosensing ﬁbre-based wearable polylactic acid unidirectional draining

kW-level,narrow-linewidth linearly polarized fiber laser with excellent beam quality through compact one-stage amplification scheme

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第4期5卷 43-47页

作者： man Jiang Pengfei ma Long Huang Jiangming Xu Pu Zhou Xijia gu College of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Hunan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of High Power Fiber Laser Changsha 410073China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ryerson University350 Victoria St.TorontoOntario M5B 2K3Canada

In this manuscript, we demonstrate high-power, narrow-linewidth linearly polarized fiber laser with excellent beam quality through compact one-stage amplification scheme. By employing a single-mode–multimode–single-mode structure seed laser, a linearly polarized Yb-doped fiber laser with narrow linewidth and high output power is *** laser, when used as a master oscillator, can be capable of suppressing the ASE in the process of power ***, only one-stage amplification structure is used to scale up the laser power, and linearly polarized output with a polarization extinction ration of 14 d B, a narrow linewidth of 0.3 nm and an output power of 1018 W are ***, due to the good beam quality of seed laser and the well-designed amplifier stage, the beam quality of the output laser is near-diffraction-limited with m_x^2 ~1.18 and m_y^2 ~ 1.24 at the maximum power, and without mode instability occurring.

关键词： fiber amplifier fiber Bragg grating linearly polarization narrow linewidth