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micromolded honeycomb scaffold design to support the generation of a bilayered RPE and photoreceptor cell construct

Bioactive materials 2023年第12期30卷 142-153页

作者： In-Kyu Lee Ruosen Xie Agustin Luz-madrigal Seunghwan min Jingcheng Zhu Jiahe Jin Kimberly L.Edwards m.Joseph phillips Allison L.Ludwig David m.Gamm Shaoqin Gong Zhenqiang ma Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53715USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA mcPherson Eye Research Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Waisman Center University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Grainger Institute for Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA

Age-related macular degeneration(AmD)causes blindness due to loss of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and photoreceptors(PRs),which comprise the two outermost layers of the *** the small size of the macula and the importance of direct contact between RPE and PRs,the use of scaffolds for targeted reconstruction of the outer retina in later stage AmD and other macular dystrophies is particularly *** developed microfabricated,honeycomb-patterned,biodegradable poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)scaffolds to deliver organized,adjacent layers of RPE and PRs to the subretinal ***,an optimized process was developed to photocure PGS,shortening scaffold production time from days to *** resulting scaffolds robustly supported the seeding of human pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE and PRs,either separately or as a dual celllayered *** advanced,economical,and versatile scaffolds can accelerate retinal cell transplantation efforts and benefit patients with AmD and other retinal degenerative diseases.

关键词： microfabrication Retina Scaffolds Stem cells Tissue engineering

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Development of a modular, biocompatible thiolated gelatin microparticle platform for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第3期8卷 45-56页

作者： Hannah A.Pearce Yu Seon Kim Emma Watson Kiana Bahrami mollie m.Smoak emily Y.Jiang michael Elder Tate Shannon Antonios G.mikos Department of Bioengineering Rice University6500 Main StreetHoustonTX 77030USA

The field of biomaterials has advanced significantly in the past *** the growing need for high-throughput manufacturing and screening,the need for modular materials that enable streamlined fabrication and analysis of tissue engineering and drug delivery schema has *** are a powerful platform that have demonstrated promise in enabling these technologies without the need to modify a bulk *** building block paradigm of using microparticles within larger scaffolds to control cell ratios,growth factors and drug release holds *** microparticles(GmPs)are a well-established platform for cell,drug and growth factor *** of the challenges in using GmPs though is the limited ability to modify the gelatin *** the present work,we hypothesized that by thiolating gelatin before microparticle formation,a versatile platform would be created that preserves the cytocompatibility of gelatin,while enabling post-fabrication *** thiols were not found to significantly impact the physicochemical properties of the ***,the thiolated GmPs were demonstrated to be a biocompatible and robust platform for mesenchymal stem cell ***,the thiolated particles were able to be covalently modified with a maleimide-bearing fluorescent dye and a peptide,demonstrating their promise as a modular platform for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.

关键词： gelatin microparticles thiolated gelatin microparticles click chemistry cell delivery drug delivery tissue engineering biomaterials

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Highly efficient GaAs solar cells by limiting light emission angle

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 236-241页

作者： emily D Kosten Jackson H Atwater James Parsons Albert Polman Harry A Atwater Thomas J.Watson Laboratories of Applied Physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125 USA Center for Nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLFScience Park 1041098XG AmsterdamThe Netherlands

In a conventional flat plate solar cell under direct sunlight,light is received from the solar disk,but is re-emitted *** isotropic emission corresponds to a significant entropy increase in the solar cell,with a corresponding drop in ***,using a detailed balance model,we show that limiting the emission angle of a high-quality GaAs solar cell is a feasible route to achieving power conversion efficiencies above 38%with a single *** highest efficiencies are predicted for a thin,light trapping cell with an ideal back reflector,though the scheme is robust to a non-ideal back *** with a conventional planar cell geometry illustrates that limiting emission angle in a light trapping geometry not only allows for much thinner cells,but also for significantly higher overall efficiencies with an excellent rear ***,we present ray-tracing and detailed balance analysis of two angular coupler designs,show that significant efficiency improvements are possible with these couplers,and demonstrate initial fabrication of one coupler design.

关键词： detailed balance GaAs solar cell light trapping photovoltaics two photon lithography

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ATP-binding cassette transporters at the zebrafish blood-brain barrier and the potential utility of the zebrafish as an in vivo model

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第3期4卷 620-633页

作者： Jordan m.Hotz Joanna R.Thomas emily N.Katz Robert W.Robey Sachi Horibata michael m.Gottesman Laboratory of Cell Biology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Zebrafish Core Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentBethesdaMD 20892USA

The brain is protected from toxins by a tightly regulated network of specialized cells,including endothelial cells,pericytes,astrocyes,and neurons,known collectively as the blood-brain barrier(BBB).This selectively permeable barrier permits only the most crucial molecules essential for brain function to enter and employs a number of different mechanisms to prevent the entry of potentially harmful toxins and *** addition to a physical barrier comprised of endothelial cells that form tight junctions to restrict paracellular transport,there is an active protective mechanism made up of energy-dependent transporters that efflux compounds back into the *** of these ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters are highly expressed at the BBB:P-glycoprotein(P-gp,encoded by the ABCB1 gene)and ABCG2(encoded by the ABCG2 gene).Although a number of in vitro and in vivo systems have been developed to examine the role that ABC transporters play in keeping compounds out of the brain,all have inherent advantages and ***(Danio rerio)have become a model of interest for studies of the BBB due to the similarities between the zebrafish and mammalian BBB *** this review,we discuss what is known about ABC transporters in zebrafish and what information is still needed before the zebrafish can be recommended as a model to elucidate the role of ABC transporters at the BBB.

关键词： ABC transporters blood-brain barrier ABCG2 P-glycoprotein zebrafish

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Differential expression of pancreatic protein and chemosensing receptor m RNAs in NKCC1-null intestine

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第1期7卷 138-149页

作者： emily m Bradford Kanimozhi Vairamani Gary E Shull Department of Internal medicine Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Kentucky Department of molecular Genetics Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Cincinnati College of Medicine

AIm: To investigate the intestinal functions of the NKCC1 Na^+-K^+-2Cl cotransporter(SLC12a2 gene), differential m RNA expression changes in NKCC1-null intestine were ***: microarray analysis of m RNA from intestines of adult wild-type mice and gene-targeted NKCC1-null mice(n = 6 of each genotype) was performed to identify patterns of differential gene expression changes. Differential expression patterns were further examined by Gene Ontology analysis using the online Gorilla program, and expression changes of selected genes were verified using northern blot analysis and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction. Histological staining and immunofluorescence were performed to identify cell types in which upregulated pancreatic digestive enzymes were ***: Genes typically associated with pancreatic function were upregulated. These included lipase, amylase, elastase, and serine proteases indicative of pancreatic exocrine function, as well as insulin and regenerating islet genes, representative of endocrine function. Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry showed that differential expression of exocrine pancreas m RNAs was specific to the duodenum and localized to a subset of goblet cells. In addition, a major pattern of changes involving differential expression of olfactory receptors that function in chemical sensing, as well as other chemosensing G-protein coupled receptors, was observed. These changes in chemosensory receptor expression may be related to the failure of intestinal function and dependency on parenteral nutrition observed in humans with SLC12a2 mutations. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that loss of NKCC1 affects not only secretion, but also goblet cell function and chemosensing of intestinal contents via G-protein coupled chemosensory receptors.

关键词： SLC12a2 Chemosensory Chemosensitivity Gastrointestinal Dyspepsia

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Diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with grapevine and other woody hosts in Italy,Algeria and Tunisia,with descriptions of Lasiodiplodia exigua and Lasiodiplodia mediterranea ***

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第2期71卷 201-214页

作者： B.T.Linaldeddu A.Deidda B.Scanu A.Franceschini S.Serra A.Berraf-Tebbal m.Zouaoui Boutiti m.L.Ben Jamâa A.J.L.phillips Dipartimento di Agraria Sezione di Patologia vegetale ed EntomologiaUniversitàdegli Studi di Sassarivia E.De Nicola 107100 SassariItaly Département des Biotechnologies Facultédes Sciences de la Vie et de la TerreUniversitéSaad Dahleb09000 BlidaAlgeria INRGREF Laboratoire de Gestion et de Valorisation des Ressources ForestièresB.P.N 22080 ArianaTunisia Centro de Recursos microbiológicos Departamento de Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

The diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with“Botryosphaeria dieback”of grapevine was investigated in 18 vineyards in Sardinia,*** isolates obtained from different woody hosts including holm oak,sweet orange and broom bush in Italy,Algeria and Tunisia were also *** and cultural characteristics as well as ITS and EF1-αsequence data were used to identify the fungal ***-eight botryosphaeriaceous isolates were obtained from 113 symptomatic grapevine samples,from which ten species were *** seriata was the dominant species(25%of isolates),followed by Neofusicoccum parvum(21.7%).Two species,Diplodia olivarum and *** are reported for the first time on *** addition,two new species namely Lasiodiplodia mediterranea *** grapevine,holm oak and sweet orange and Lasiodiplodia exigua *** broom bush are *** artificial inoculation experiments conducted on excised green grapevine shoots and lignified canes as well as holm oak seedlings,*** was shown to be an aggressive pathogen.

关键词： Citrus×sinensis Diplodia Lasiodiplodia Neofusicoccum Quercus ilex Retama raetam

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Gene editing:A new step and a new direction toward finding a cure for Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DmD)

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第2期3卷 101-102页

作者： Jim Hu emily Xia Leo Yang Xiao Xiao Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathobiology The Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada Division of molecular Pharmaceutics Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA

Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DmD)is a progressive muscle degenerative disease affecting one out of 3500 male *** usually succumb to the disease by age *** has been shown that skipping exons of the DmD gene that contain disease-causing mutations from the pre-mRNA can result in a shortened,but functional,dystrophin protein that could bring clinical benefits to patients.A recent breakthrough has been reported in Science by three groups who demonstrated that genetically deleting exon 23 by gene editing can restore the expression of dystrophin(albeit a shortened version)and improve the muscle function in a mouse model of DmD.

关键词： Adeno-associated virus Exon skipping Gene delivery Gene editing muscular dystrophy

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Radiographic characteristics of neuroendocrine liver metastases do not predict clinical outcomes following liver resection

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第1期9卷 1-12,中插1页

作者： emily A.Armstrong Eliza W.Beal manisha Shah Bhavana Konda Sherif Abdel-misih Aslam Ejaz mary E.Dillhoff Timothy m.Pawlik Jordan m.Cloyd The Ohio State University College of medicine ColumbusOHUSA Department of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA Department of Internal medicine Division of Medical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA

Background: Previous research has demonstrated that specific radiographic criteria, including the presence of calcifications and the enhancement pattern on computed tomography (CT) imaging, correlates with clinicopathologic features and outcomes of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET). We sought to investigate whether these radiographic characteristics were prognostic among patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases (NELm) undergoing surgical resection. methods: The preoperative contrast-enhanced CT scans of all patients who underwent resection of NELm at a single institution between 2000-2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The presence of calcifications was determined on non-contrast phase imaging. Enhancement on the arterial phase scan was categorized as hyperenhancing, hypoenhancing, or mixed. Relevant clinicopathologic characteristics as well as recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between groups. Results: Among 82 patients who underwent resection of NELm, 57 had available data on calcifications while 51 had data available on arterial enhancement patterns. Among all patients, median age was 58 (IQR:47-63) and the majority were female (N=48, 59.5%). The most common primary tumor locations were pancreas (N=25, 30.5%) and small bowel (N=27, 32.9%). The most commonly performed operations were right hepatectomy (N=29, 35.4%), bisegmentectomy (N=15, 18.3%), and segmentectomy (N=14, 17.1%). median tumor number was 4 (IQR: 2-9), median Ki-67 was 5% (IQR: 2-10%), and median size of the largest liver metastasis was 4.5 (IQR: 2.8-7.7) cm. Twelve (21%) patients had tumor calcifications. Among patients with and without calcifications there were no differences in demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, RFS (P=0.772) or OS (P=0.095). Arterial enhancement was hypoenhancing in 23 (45.1%), hyperenhancing in 10 (19.6%), and mixed in 18 (35.3%). Similarly, there were no differences between arterial enhancemen

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) carcinoid hepatectomy radiomics prognosis

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Dementia and osteoporosis in a geriatric population: Is there a common link?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第5期8卷 412-423页

作者： Candice L Downey Adam Young emily F Burton Simon m Graham Robert J macfarlane Eva-maria Tsapakis Eleftherios Tsiridis University of Leeds School of Medicine Department of Anaesthetics Pinderfields Hospital Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics the Royal Liverpool University Hospital Academic Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Aristotle University Medical School

AIm To determine the existence of a common pathological link between dementia and osteoporosis through reviewing the current evidence base. mETHODS This paper reviews the current literature on osteoporosis and dementia in order to ascertain evidence of a common predisposing aetiology. A literature search of Ovid mEDLINE(1950 to June 2016) was conducted. The keywords "osteoporosis", "osteoporotic fracture", "dementia" and "Alzheimer's disease"(AD) were used to determine the theoretical links with the most significant evidence base behind them. The key links were found to be vitamins D and K, calcium, thyroid disease, statins, alcohol and sex steroids. These subjects were then searched in combination with the previous terms and the resulting papers manually examined. Theoretical, in vitro and in vivo research were all used to inform this review which focuses on the most well developed theoretical common causes for dementia(predominantly Alzheimer's type) and *** Dementia and osteoporosis are multifaceted disease processes with similar epidemiology and a marked increase in prevalence in elderly populations. The existence of a common link between the two has been suggested despite a lack of clear pathological overlap in our current understanding. Research to date has tended to be fragmented and relatively weak in nature with multiple confounding factors reflecting the difficulties of in vivo experimentation in the population of interest. Despite exploration of various possible mechanisms in search for a link between the two pathologies, this paper found that it is possible that these associations are coincidental due to the nature of the evidence available. One finding in this review is that prior investigation into common aetiologies has found raised amyloid beta peptide levels in osteoporotic bone tissue, with a hypothesis that amyloid beta disorders are systemic disorders resulting in differing tissue manifestations. However, our findings were that t

关键词： Osteoporosis Fracture Dementia Thyroid disease Alzheimer’s disease Elderly Vitamin D Vitamin K Calcium Statins Alcohol Sex steroids

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Lung gene therapydHow to capture illumination from the light already present in the tunnel

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第1期1卷 40-52页

作者： emily Xia manjunatha Ankathatti munegowda Huibi Cao Jim Hu Physiology&Experimental medicine Program Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada

Gene therapy has been considered as the most ideal medical intervention for genetic diseases because it is intended to target the cause of diseases instead of disease *** of techniques for identification of genetic mutations and for in vitro manipulation of genes makes it practical and *** the initial hype in 1990s and later disappointments in clinical trials formore than a decade,light has finally come into the tunnel in recent years,especially in the field of eye gene therapy where it has taken big *** trials in gene therapy for retinal degenerative diseases such as Leber’s congenital amaurosis(LCA)and choroideremia demonstrated clear therapeutic efficacies without apparent side *** these successful examples are still rare and sporadic in the field,they provide the proof of concept for harnessing the power of gene therapy to treat genetic diseases and to modernize our *** addition,those success stories illuminate the path for the development of gene therapy treating other genetic *** of the differences in target organs and cells,distinct barriers to gene delivery exist in gene therapy for each genetic *** is not feasible for authors to review the current development in the entire ***,in this article,we will focus onwhatwe can learn from the current success in gene therapy for retinal degenerative diseases to speed up the gene therapy development for lung diseases,such as cystic fibrosis.

关键词： Cystic fibrosis Gene therapy Lung diseases Vector delivery Animal model

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