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Addressing constraints to informal providers’involvement in tuberculosis control:a qualitative study of patent medicine dealers and tuberculosis programme managers

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 65-76页

作者： Cosmas Kenan Onah Benedict Ndubueze Azuogu Edmund Ndudi Ossai Adaoha Pearl Agu Victoria Chioma Azuogu Isaac Alobu emeka onwe ogah Department of Community Medicine Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching HospitalAbakaliki(AEFUTHA)P.M.B:102AbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria Department of Community Medicine College of Health SciencesEbonyi State UniversityAbakalikiNigeria African Institute for Health Policy and Health Systems Ebonyi State UniversityAbakalikiNigeria Department of Nursing Services AE-FUTHAAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria National Tuberculosis Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer Control ProgrammeEbonyi State Ministry of HealthAbakalikiNigeria Department of Paediatrics AE-FUTHAAbakalikiEbonyi StateNigeria

Background:A major constraint to tuberculosis control is low case finding with under-reporting to national *** shows that Patent Medicine Dealers are first port of call for most people with symptoms of tuberculosis,yet there is poor referral of such clients to tuberculosis treatment facilities for further *** study investigated constraints to involvement of Patent Medicine Dealers in tuberculosis ***:This was a cross-sectional qualitative study among Patent Medicine Dealers and Tuberculosis Control Programme Managers in Ebonyi State ***-four Patent Medicine Dealers and five Tuberculosis Control Programme Managers were interviewed using Focus Group Discussion and In-Depth Interview *** was collected with electronic audio-recording device and analyzed using thematic ***:There are some knowledge gaps about tuberculosis signs,symptoms,free-treatment policy and mode of operation of care service among Patent Medicine *** Medicine Dealers and Tuberculosis Control Programme Managers are willing to collaborate in tuberculosis control effort but constant demand for incentives by Patent Medicine Dealers and inability of National Tuberculosis Control Programme to keep up with such demands are obvious ***:Knowledge gaps in tuberculosis,its control,constant demand for incentives by Patent Medicine Dealers and inability of National Tuberculosis Control Programme to satisfy such demands are constraints to involvement of Patent Medicine Dealers in tuberculosis *** robust engagement of Patent Medicine Dealers in tuberculosis control with clear job description through tuberculosis education and provision of incentives to support them are recommended policy approaches to improve linkage of clients to tuberculosis treatment facilities.

关键词： Tuberculosis control Patent medicine dealers Chronic cough Presumptive tuberculosis referral DOTS Nigeria

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Declining Rate of Operative Vaginal Deliveries in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第3期8卷 175-184页

作者： Okechukwu Bonaventure Anozie Lawani Lucky Osaheni Fidelis A. Onu Robinson Chukwudi Onoh emeka onwe ogah Justus N. Eze Johnbosco E. Mamah Obiora G. Asiegbu Rita O. Anozie Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Radiology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: The application of invasive obstetric procedures has an end point of reducing the Caesarean section rate. The declining rate of use of these procedures is one of the reasons for increasing Caesarean section rates in our environment. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the practice of operative vaginal deliveries among obstetricians practicing in Nigeria and to evaluate the reasons for non-use of these procedures. Methodology: It was a questionnaire based study. The questionnaires were administered to practitioners of Obstetrics in the various centres in Nigeria. Data was collated and analyzed with Epi-Info statistical software version 7.0 (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA), and conclusions were drawn by means of descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 1200 questionnaire were distributed but 1104 were returned and used for analysis. This gave a response rate of 92%. The age distribution of the respondents showed that the 20 - 30 year age group had the least number of respondents 22 (2%) while 41 - 50 age group had the highest number of respondents 486 (4%). The majority of the respondents were males 839 (76%). In terms of duration of practice, 449 (40.7%) of the respondents had more than 6 years duration of practice while 256 (23.2) had practiced for less than 3 years. Tertiary centres had highest number of respondents 71.8%. The distribution of the respondents according to the geopolitical zones in Nigeria are;South-East (57.6%), South-South (19.6%), South West (11.4%), North-West (4.9%), North-East (3.8%), North-Central (2.7%). The practice of these procedures among respondents were: External cephalic version (68.0%), Symphysiotomy (41.7), Forceps delivery (68.8%), Destructive delivery (60.1%), Vaginal breech delivery (85.5%), Vacuum extraction (84.8%). Reasons for the non-use included: Risk of perinatal/maternal morbidity and mortality greater than benefit (25.7%), Lack of equipment (22.4%), Lack of skills (16.6%), Declin

关键词： Invasive Obstetric Procedures Decline Nigeria

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Factors Influencing Inter-Pregnancy Interval among Antenatal Attendee in a Tertiary Hospital in Abakaliki, South-East, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第13期8卷 1364-1375页

作者： Chidebe Christian Anikwe Benjamin Samuel Umezuluike Brown Nnamdi Ejikeme Okechukwu Emmanuel Ndukwe Bartholomew Chukwunonye Okorochukwu Nworah Josaiah Obiechina Cyril Chijioke Ikeoha ogah emeka onwe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Federal Medical Centre Owerri Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Awka Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: World over, there has being an improvement in birth spacing resulting in a reduction in the perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality rates. Objective: To appraise the factors influencing inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among antenatal attendee, with at least one previous delivery, in Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki over a six month period using a structured questionnaire. Data obtained was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.6 (95% CI 28.1 - 29.1) years. The majority (231, 70%) were multiparous. Most respondent (162, 49.1%) had their last delivery 6 - 12 months prior to conception. The significant determinants of IPI include: maternal age, marital status, place of residence, social class, baby’s sex, family income, use of contraceptive, parity and outcome of her last confinement. Contraceptive knowledge is high (300, 90.9%);more than 50% had the desire to use some form of contraceptive but majority (132, 40%) said they will never use contraceptive after delivery. Conclusions: Majority of the women had an IPI of 6 - 12 months. The major determinant of this includes having a live birth in last delivery, parity, marital status, and place of residence. The attitude to contraception is poor;effort needs to be directed into identifying the immediate and remote causes of this as this will help in proper education and counselling needed to increase contraceptive uptake.

关键词： Abakaliki Contraceptive Usage Inter-Pregnancy Intervals

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Shock Wave of a New Pandemic: Response of Antenatal Women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria to Corona Virus 19 Infection—Knowledge, Attitude and Practice

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第1期11卷 29-41页

作者： Chidi Esike Justus Eze Okechukwu Anozie emeka onwe Richard Ewah Esther emeka-Irem Ndukwe Nwigboji emeka Ukaegbe Ugochukwu Nnadozie Odidika Umeora Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hopital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Pediatrics Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hopital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Department of Anesthesia Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hopital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Division of Plastic Surgery Department of Surgery Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hopital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria

Background: There are no known effective vaccines or drugs for curing the corona 19 virus infection as at present knowlede. This leaves the world with mainly controlling the source of infection and cutting off the transmission route through preventive measures to contain the pandemic. These entail active participation of people, high level of discipline and strict and meticulous adoption of preventive measures. Since it is known that knowledge, precautionary behavior and active social participation of the public are important to control the pandemic, this study sets out to evaluate these in the antenatal population in Ebonyi State. Objective: To evaluate the Knowledge, attitude and practice of the respondents to the corona virus 19 infection and its prevention. Methods: A self-administered pre-tested questionnaire was administered to pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in the chosen Mission hospitals and the only tertiary health institution that offer antenatal care to the bulk of antenatal population in the state. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Result: The participants had very good knowledge of corona virus 19 infection and its prevention but there were some gaps and misconceptions in knowledge and some of their attitudes and perceptions that raised concerns. Their practice of corona virus 19 preventive measures was poor despite their good knowledge. Conclusion: There is need to fashion out programs and policies that will address the gaps and concerns unearthed in the study to enhance the protection of this vulnerable study population and the general public.

关键词： Knowledge Practice Antenatal Population Ebonyi Nigeria

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Viability of combining microalgae and macroalgae cultures for treating anaerobically digested piggery effluent

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第8期31卷 132-144页

作者： Ashiwin Vadiveloo emeka Godfrey Nwoba Navid Reza Moheimani Algae R&D Centre School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems Harry Butler Institute Murdoch University

Algal phytoremediation represents a practical green solution for treating anaerobically digested piggery effluent(ADPE). The potential and viability of combining microalgae and macroalgae cultivation for the efficient treatment of ADPE were evaluated in this *** the ability of different locally isolated macroalgae species illustrated the potential of Cladophora sp. to successfully grow and treat ADPE with up to 150 mg/L NH_4^+ with a biomass productivity of(0.13 ± 0.02) g/(L·day) and ammonium removal rate of(10.23 ± 0.18) mg/(L·day) NH_4^+. When grown by itself, the microalgae consortium used in this study consisting of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. was found to grow and treat undiluted ADPE(up to 525 mg/L NH_4^+) with an average ammonium removal rate of 25 mg/(L·day) NH_4^+ and biomass productivity of(0.012 ± 0.0001) g/(L·day). Nevertheless, when combined together, despite the different cultivation systems(attached and non-attached) evaluated,microalgae and macroalgae were unable to co-exist together and treat ADPE as their respective growth were inversely related to each other due to direct competition for nutrients and available resources as well as the negative physical interaction between both algal groups.

关键词： Phytoremediation Piggery effluent Co-cultivation Cladophora Chlorella sp. Scenedesmus sp

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Synergetic effect of graphene and Co(OH)2 as cocatalysts of TiO2 nanotubes for enhanced photogenerated cathodic protection

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第2期37卷 55-63页

作者： Xiayu Lu Li Liu Xuan Xie Yu Cui emeka E.Oguzie Fuhui Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China Electrochemistry and Materials Science Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryFederal University of TechnologyP.M.B.1526OwerriNigeria

A layer of graphene(GR)particles was successfully deposited at the interface between Co(OH)2 nanoparticles and TiO2 nanotubes,aiming to improve the photoelectrochemical performance of the large-bandgap semiconductor *** obtained Co(OH)2/GR/TiO2 was extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV–vis absorption spectra and photoluminescence(PL)emission *** impedance spectra,photogenerated potential-time(E-t),photocurrent density-time(i-t)and i-E curves and open circuit potential(OCP)curves were measured to investigate the photoelectrochemical activities and photogenerated cathodic protection *** results revealed that Co(OH)2/GR/TiO2 exhibits excellent photoelectrochemical and photogenerated cathodic performance due to synergistic effect between Co(OH)2 and ***(OH)2 and graphene co-modified TiO2 photoanode could provide an effective protection for 304 stainless steel(304 SS)in 3.5 wt%Na Cl solution for 12 h,which would be promising for future practical applications in the field of marine corrosion protection.

关键词： TiO2 nanotubes Graphene Co(OH)2 nanoparticles Photoelectrochemical performance Photogenerated cathodic protection

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LIMITATIONS OF CANCER MARGIN DELINEATION BY MEANS OF AUTOFLUORESCENCE IMAGING UNDER CONDITIONS OF LASER SURGERY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2010年第1期3卷 45-51页

作者： ALEXANDRE DOUPLIK AZHAR ZAM RALPH HOHENSTEIN ANGELOS KALITZEOS emeka NKENKE FLORIAN STELZLE SAOT—Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen NurembergGermany Department of Photonic Technologies Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen NurembergGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen NurembergGermany

Limitations of cancer margin delineation and surgical guidance by means of autofluorescence imaging under conditions of laser ablation were investigated and preliminary results are ***^(TM)(Novadaq Technologies Inc.,Canada)was used to capture digital images and Er:YAG laser(2.94μm,Glissando,WaveLight^(TM),Germany)was exploited to cause laser ablation on both normal and cancer sites of the *** was shown that changes of the autofluorescence image after ablation extend beyond the actual sizes of the ablation *** tumor tissue after the laser ablation starts to emit fluorescent light within the green wavelength band(490-550nm)similar to normal tissue stating that the current technology of in-process tissue classification ***,when the autofluorescence was collected in the red range(600-750nm),then the abnormal/normal contrast was reduced,but still present even after the laser *** present study highlights the importance of finding a proper technology for surgical navigation of cancer removal under conditions of high power effects in biological tissues.

关键词： Cancer margin delineation surgical guidance surgical navigation autofluorescence imaging laser surgery laser ablation

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Cross-comparative review of Machine learning for plant disease detection:apple,cassava,cotton and potato plants

Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第2期12卷 127-151页

作者： James Daniel Omaye emeka Ogbuju Grace Ataguba Oluwayemisi Jaiyeoba Joseph Aneke Francisca Oladipo Department of Computer Science Federal UniversityLokojaNigeria Department of Computer Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxCanada Department of Computer Science Hampton UniversityVirginiaUSA

Plant disease detection has played a significant role in combating plant diseases that pose a threat to global agri-culture and food *** these diseases early can help mitigate their impact and ensure healthy crop *** learning algorithms have emerged as powerful tools for accurately identifying and classifying a wide range of plant diseases from trained image datasets of affected *** algorithms,including deep learning algorithms,have shown remarkable success in recognizing disease patterns and early signs of plant *** early detection,there are other potential benefits of machine learning algorithms in overall plant disease management,such as soil and climatic condition predictions for plants,pest identification,proximity detection,and many *** the years,research has focused on using machine-learning algorithms for plant disease ***,little is known about the extent to which the research community has ex-plored machine learning algorithms to cover other significant areas of plant disease *** view of this,we present a cross-comparative review of machine learning algorithms and applications designed for plant dis-ease detection with a specific focus on four(4)economically important plants:apple,cassava,cotton,and *** conducted a systematic review of articles published between 2013 and 2023 to explore trends in the research community over the *** filtering a number of articles based on our inclusion criteria,including articles that present individual prediction accuracy for classes of disease associated with the selected plants,113 articles were considered *** these articles,we analyzed the state-of-the-art techniques,challenges,and future prospects of using machine learning for disease identification of the selected *** from our re-view show that deep learning and other algorithms performed significantly well in detecting plant *** addition,we fou

关键词： Machine learning Plant diseases Agriculture Plant disease management Convolutional neural networks

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Multifunctional superhydrophobic coatings fabricated from basalt scales on a fluorocarbon coating base

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第25期84卷 86-96页

作者： Hongpeng Zheng Li Liu Fandi Meng Yu Cui Zhong Li emeka E.Oguzie Fuhui Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityNo.3-11 Wenhua RoadShenyang110819PR China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesWencui Rd 62Shenyang110016PR China Africa Centre of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems Federal University of Technology OwerriPMB 1526OwerriImo StateNigeria

Superhydrophobic coatings are increasingly being evaluated as anticorrosion interventions in exceedingly hydrated ***,concerns about their long-term durability and amenability to large-area applications in marine environments are still hindering commercial-scale *** study is focused on development of easy-to-apply superhydrophobic coatings,with multifunctional capabilities,in order to extend the integrity and durability of the coatings in harsh marine ***,a set of facile methods involving selective chemical etching using concentrated Na OH,as well as fluorination with perfluoropolyether methyl ester were adopted to fabricate a superhydrophobic surface on basalt scales,having the required rough hierarchical micro-nanotextured and low surface *** superhydrophobic basalt scales were subsequently aligned atop a fluorocarbon resin,pre-deposited on a metal substrate,to yield a multifunctional superhydrophobic coating(3μL water droplet;contact angle=165.1°,rolling angle=0.7°),easily amenable to large surface area application and having excellent wear resistance,UV-aging resistance,salt spray resistance,corrosion resistance and antibacterial capabilities.

关键词： Basalt scales Multifunctional Superhydrophobic Chemical etching Fluoridation

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Exploring the Social Impact of the Short-Stay Market(SSM)in Regional Areas:An Empirical Study

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第2期17卷 243-277页

作者： emeka Ndaguba Kerry Brown Dora Marinova Uma Jogulu School of Business and Law Edith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute Curtin UniversityPerthAustralia

The discourse on microentrepreneurs and their involvement in the short stay market (SSM) was non-existent until 2008. While several concepts and constructs have been developed and empirically tested since 2009, many of them relate to economics, leaving the social, cultural, and environmental factors underdeveloped. Thus, this study aimed to fll the gap and identify and assess the social impact of the short-stay market (SSM) in a regional area. The study included 16 face-to-face interview sessions conducted with 18 participants, and the Leximancer software was employed to analyse the data. The study revealed that the social impact on SSM is not generic, rather pluralistic, multidimensional, and dynamic. The study also found that the limitation clause instituted by the council is a direct disconnect between the council and property owners/managers. Furthermore, despite ample opportunities provided by the short-stay market (SSM) in regional areas, encumbrances cannot be overlooked. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive approach to understand the social impact on policy frameworks in regional areas.

关键词： Short-stay market Experience economy Long-term rentals Wine economy Regulation

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