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Circulating extracellular vesicles:friends and foes in neurodegeneration

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 534-542页

作者： Anna Picca Flora Guerra Riccardo Calvani Hélio JoséCoelho-Junior Cecilia Bucci emanuele marzetti Fondazione Policlinico Universitario“Agostino Gemelli”IRCCS RomeItaly Aging Research Center Department of NeurobiologyCare Sciences and SocietyKarolinska Institutet and Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies Universitàdel SalentoLecceItaly UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore Institute of Internal Medicine and GeriatricsRomeItaly

Extracellular vesicles have been identified as pivotal mediators of intercellular communication with critical roles in physiological and pathological *** this route,several molecules(e.g.,nucleic acids,proteins,metabolites) can be transferred to proximal and distant targets to convey specific *** vesicle-associated cargo molecules have been proposed as markers of several disease conditions for their potential of tracking down the generating ***,circulating extracellular vesicles may represent biomarkers of dysfunctional cellular quality control systems especially in conditions characterized by the accrual of intracellular misfolded ***,the identification of extracellular vesicles as tools for the delivery of nucleic acids or other cargo molecules to diseased tissues makes these circulating shuttles possible targets for therapeutic *** increasing interest in the study of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers resides mainly in the fact that the identification of peripheral levels of extracellular vesicle-associated proteins might reflect molecular events occurring in hardly accessible tissues,such as the brain,thereby serving as a "brain liquid biopsy".The exploitation of extracellular vesicles for diagnostic and therapeutic purposed might offer unprecedented opportunities to develop personalized ***,we discuss the bright and dark sides of extracellular vesicles in the setting of two main neurodegenerative diseases(i.e.,Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases).A special focus will be placed on the possibility of using extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for the two conditions to enable disease tracking and treatment monitoring.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein exosomes misfolded proteins mitochondrial-derived vesicles neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease quality control Tau protein α-synuclein

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Sarcopenia in heart failure： mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第7期13卷 615-624页

作者： Agnese Collamati emanuele marzetti Riccardo Calvani Matteo Tosato Emanuela D'Angelo Alex N Sisto Francesco Landi Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI) Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome Italy

长期的心失败(CHF ) 是一个高度流行的条件在之中老并且与可观的病态， institutionalization 和死亡被联系。在它的先进阶段， CHF 被肌肉质量和力量的损失经常伴随。Sarcopenia 是活跃地与大量不利健康结果由于它的协会在最近的年里... 详细信息

长期的心失败(CHF ) 是一个高度流行的条件在之中老并且与可观的病态， institutionalization 和死亡被联系。在它的先进阶段， CHF 被肌肉质量和力量的损失经常伴随。Sarcopenia 是活跃地与大量不利健康结果由于它的协会在最近的年里被学习了的衰老老人症候群。这评论的目标是讨论在 CHF 和 sarcopenia 之间的关系，与分享的 pathophysiological 小径和处理的一个焦点。营养不良，全身的发炎，内分泌的不平衡，和氧化应力看起来连接 sarcopenia 和 CHF。在肌肉发达的水平， ubiquitin proteasome 系统，发信号的 myostatin，和 apoptosis 的改变在 sarcopenia 和 CHF 被描述了并且能在肌肉质量和功能的损失起一个作用。阻碍肌肉在 CHF 病人浪费的前进的可能的治疗学的策略包括变换血管收缩素的酶禁止者和 β 的蛋白质和维生素 D 补充，结构化的物理锻练，和管理； -blockers。有生长荷尔蒙，睾丸激素，和 ghrelin 的神经质的补充也作为潜在的治疗被讨论。

关键词： Ghrelin 肌肉损失蛋白质补充维生素 D

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Carbon sequestration in a bamboo plantation:a case study in a Mediterranean area

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 231-238页

作者： Tommaso Chiti emanuele Blasi Maria Vincenza Chiriaco Department for Innovation in Biological Agro-Food and Forest Systems(DIBAF)University of TusciaVia San C.De Lellis snc01100 ViterboItaly Foundation Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change(CMCC) Division on Climate Change Impacts on AgricultureForests and Ecosystem Services(IAFES)Via Garbini5101100 ViterboItaly

In the Mediterranean region,despite bamboo being an alien species that can seriously alter plant and ani-mal biocoenosis,the area occupied by bamboo plantations continues to increase,especially for the purpose to seques-ter carbon(C).However,the C dynamics in the soil-plant system when bamboo is grown outside its native area are poorly *** we investigated the C mitigation potential of the fast-growing Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)introduced in Italy for climate-change *** analyzed aboveground(AGB)and belowground(as root/shoot ratio)biomass,litter and soil organic C(SOC)at O-15-and 15-30-cm depths in a 4-year-old bamboo plantation in comparison with the former annual cropland on which the bamboo was *** have an idea of the maximum C stored at an ecosystem level,a natural forest adjacent the two sites was also *** the plantation,C accumulation as AGB was stimulated,with 14.8±3.1 Mg C ha^(-1) stored in 3 years;because thinning was done to remove culms from the first year,the mean sequestration rate was 4.9 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1).The sequestration rates were high but comparable to other fast-growing tree species in Italy(e.g.,Pinus nigra).SOC was significantly higher in the bamboo plantation than in the cropland only at the 0-15 cm depth,but SOC stock did not *** 4 years were not enough time for a clear increase in SOC,or the high nutrient uptake by bamboos might have depleted the soil nutrients,thus inhibiting the soil organic matter formation by *** comparison,the natural forest had significantly higher C levels in all the *** C dynamics at an ecosystem level,the bamboo plantation on the former annual cropland led to substantial C removal from the atmosphere(about 12 Mg C ha^(-1) a^(-1)).However,despite the promising C sequestration rates by bamboo,its introduction should be carefully considered due to potential ecological problems caused by this species in overexploited environments such as the Med

关键词： Carbon sequestration Climate change mitigation Mediterranean area Moso bamboo Soil organic carbon

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Titanium elastic nailing in diaphyseal femoral fractures of children below six years of age

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世界骨科杂志：英文版 2017年第2期8卷 156-162页

作者： Fabrizio Donati Giuseppe Mazzitelli Marco Lillo Amerigo Menghi Carla Conti Antonio Valassina emanuele marzetti Giulio Maccauro Orthopedic and Traumatology Institute Catholic University of the Sacred Heart

AIM To report the clinical and radiographic results of titanium elastic nail(TEN) in diaphyseal femoral fractures of children below age of six *** A retrospective analysis of 27 diaphyseal femoral fractures in children younger than six years treated with TEN between 2005 and 2015 was conducted. Patients were immobilized in a cast for 5 wk and the nails were removed from 6 to 12 wk after surgery. Twenty-four cases were clinically and radiographically re-evaluated using the Flynn's scoring criteria, focusing on: Limb length discrepancy, rotational deformity, angulation, hip and knee range of motion(ROM), functional status, complications, and parent's *** Sixteen males and eight females with a mean age of 3.2 years at the time of treatment were re-evaluated at an average follow-up of 58.9 mo. No cases of delayed union were observed. The mean limb lengthening was 0.3 cm. Four cases experienced limb lengthening greater than 1 cm and always minor than 2 cm. Twelve point five percent of the cases showed an angulation < 10°. Complete functional recovery(hip and knee ROM, ability to run and jump on the operated limb) occurred in 95.7% of cases. Complications included two cases of superficial infection of the TEN entry point, one case of refracture following a new trauma, and one TEN mobilization. According to the Flynn's scoring criteria, excellent results were obtained in 79.2% of patients and satisfactory results in the remaining 20.8%, with an average parent's satisfaction level of 9.1/*** TEN is as a safe, mini-invasive and surgeon-friendly technique and, considering specific inclusion criteria, it represents a useful and efficacy option for the treatment of diaphyseal femoral fractures even in patients younger than six years of age.

关键词： Titanium elastic nailing Pediatric femoral fractures Elastic stable intramedullary nailing Surgical treatment Femural shaft

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A randomized,controlled,open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 98-108页

作者： Jie Jin Zhihua Ran emanuele Noseda Bernard Roubert Matthieu Marty Anna Mezzacasa Udo Michael Göring The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University College of MedicineHangzhou310058China Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Vifor Pharma Glattbrugg8152Switzerland

Iron deficiency(ID)and ID anemia(IDA)pose significant public health concerns in *** iron sucrose(IS)treatment is well-established in the country,ferric carboxymaltose(FCM)offers the advantage of higher doses and fewer *** open label,randomized,controlled,non-inferiority trial was conducted at multiple sites in China to compare the outcomes of FCM(maximum of 2 doses,500 or 1000 mg iron)and IS(up to 11 infusions,200 mg iron)treatments in subjects with *** primary endpoint was the achievement of hemoglobin(Hb)response(an increase of⩾2 g/dL from baseline)within 8 weeks,whereas secondary endpoints included changes in Hb,transferrin saturation,and serum ferritin *** the 371 randomized subjects,a similar percentage of subjects treated with FCM and IS achieved Hb-response(FCM 99.4%,IS 98.3%),thereby confirming the non-inferiority of FCM compared with IS(difference 1.12(−2.15,4.71;95%confidence interval(CI))).Furthermore,a significantly higher proportion of FCM-treated subjects achieved early Hb-response at Week 2(FCM 85.2%,IS 73.2%;difference 12.1(3.31,20.65;95%CI)).Additionally,the increase in TSAT and serum ferritin levels from baseline was significantly greater at all time points for FCM-treated *** safety profiles of FCM and IS were comparable,with the exception of transient hypophosphatemia and pyrexia,which are consistent with FCM’s known safety *** conclusion,FCM proves to be an efficacious treatment for IDA,providing faster Hb-response and correction of ID with fewer administrations than IS.

关键词： iron deficiency anemia intravenous iron ferric carboxymaltose iron sucrose Hb response early response

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Stem cell technology for antitumor drug loading and delivery in oncology

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Oncology Research 2024年第3期32卷 433-437页

作者： FRANCESCO PETRELLA ENRICO MARIO CASSINA LIDIA LIBRETTI emanuele PIRONDINI FEDERICO RAVEGLIA ANTONIO TUORO Department of Thoracic Surgery Fondazione IRCCSS an Gerardo dei TintoriMonza20900Italy

The main aim of antineoplastic treatment is to maximize patient benefit by augmenting the drug accumulation within affected organs and tissues,thus incrementing drug effects and,at the same time,reducing the damage of non-involved tissues to cytotoxic *** stromal cells(MSC)represent a group of undifferentiated multipotent cells presenting wide self-renewal features and the capacity to differentiate into an assortment of mesenchymal family *** the last year,they have been proposed as natural carriers for the selective release of antitumor drugs to malignant cll,s thus optimizing cytotoxic action on cancer cll,while significantly reducing adverse side efect on healthy *** chemotherapeutic drug loading and delivery is an encouraging new area of cell therapy for several tumors,especially for those with unsatisfactory prognosis and limited treatment options *** some experim ental models have been sucesfuly developed,phase I dinical studies are needed to confirm this potential application of cell therapy,in particular in the case of primary and secondary lung cancers.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cell Drug loading Drug delivery Mesothelioma Melanoma Glioblastoma Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Multiple myeloma

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Interplay between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and renal function: An intriguing pediatric perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2081-2086页

作者： Michele Nardolillo Fabiola Rescigno Mario Bartiromo Dario Piatto Stefano Guarino Pierluigi Marzuillo emanuele Miraglia del Giudice Anna Di Sessa Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialized SurgeryUniversitàdegli Studi della Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy

Over recent years,the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has undergone significant ***,in 2020,an expert consensus panel proposed the term“Metabolic(dysfunction)associated fatty liver disease”(MAFLD)to underscore the close association of fatty liver with metabolic abnormalities,thereby highlighting the cardiometabolic risks(such as metabolic syndrome,type 2 diabetes,insulin resistance,and cardiovascular disease)faced by these patients since *** recently,this term has been further replaced with metabolic associated steatotic liver *** is worth noting that emerging evidence not only supports a close and independent association of MAFLD with chronic kidney disease in adults but also indicates its interplay with metabolic ***,comparable pediatric data remain *** the progressive and chronic nature of both diseases and their prognostic cardiometabolic implications,this editorial aims to provide a pediatric perspective on the intriguing relationship between MAFLD and renal function in childhood.

关键词： Metabolic(dysfunction)associated fatty liver disease Renal Function Children Obesity

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Current status and development of CMOS SiPM for scintillator-based radiation detectors toward all-digital sensors[Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 17-27页

作者： Nicola D'Ascenzo 胡文韬劳慧华越轩张博房磊奚道明郑睿邱奥 emanuele Antonecchia 凌怡清刘雨晴李琰俞航肖鹏谢庆国 Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Wuhan 430074China Biomedical Engineering Department Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China RAYQUANT Technology Co. Ltd.Ezhou 436044China RAYSOLUTION Healthcare Co. Ltd.Hefei 230000China RAYMEASURE Technology Co. Ltd.Suzhou 215000China RAYCAN Technology Co. Ltd.Suzhou 215000China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Modern scintillator-based radiation detectors require silicon photomultipliers(Si PMs)with photon detection efficiency higher than 40%at 420 nm,possibly extended to the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)region,single-photon time resolution(SPTR)<100 ps,and dark count rate(DCR)<150 kcps/mm^(2).To enable single-photon time stamping,digital electronics and sensitive microcells need to be integrated in the same CMOS substrate,with a readout frame rate higher than 5 MHz for arrays extending over a total area up to 4 mm×4 *** is challenging due to the increasing doping concentrations at low CMOS scales,deep-level carrier generation in shallow trench isolation fabrication,and power consumption,among *** advances at 350 and 110 nm CMOS nodes are benchmarked against available Si PMs obtained in CMOS and commercial customized *** concept of digital multithreshold Si PMs with a single microcell readout is finally reported,proposing a possible direction toward fully digital scintillator-based radiation detectors.

关键词： silicon photomultiplier complementary metal-oxide semiconductor digital SiPM

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The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第2期2卷 55-64页

作者： Jeffrey A.Woods Noah T.Hutchinson Scott K.Powers William O.Roberts Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera Zsolt Radak Istvan Berkes Anita Boros Istvan Boldogh Christiaan Leeuwenburgh Helio Jose Coelho-Júnior emanuele marzetti Ying Cheng Jiankang Liu J.Larry Durstine Junzhi Sun Li Li Ji Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUSA Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUSA Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Department of Family Medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisUSA Freshage Research Group Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Valencia and CIBERFES.Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVAValenciaSpain Research Institute of Sport Science University of Physical EducationBudapestHungary National University of Public Service BudapestHungary Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonUSA Institute on Aging College of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Universita Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore RomeItaly Fondazione Policlinico Universitario“Agostino Gemelli”IRCCS Universita Cattolica Del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina Department of Exercise Science Norman J.Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaUSA Institute of Sports Medicine and Health Chengdu Sport UniversityChengduChina The Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science School of KinesiologyUniversity of Minnesota Twin CitiesMinneapolisUSA

The SARS-CoV-2-caused COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a devastating threat to human society in terms of health,economy,and *** the virus usually first invades and infects the lung and respiratory track tissue,in extreme cases,almost all major organs in the body are now known to be negatively impacted often leading to severe systemic failure in some ***,there is currently no effective treatment for this ***-existing pathological conditions or comorbidities such as age are a major reason for premature death and increased morbidity and *** immobilization due to hospitalization and bed rest and the physical inactivity due to sustained quarantine and social distancing can downregulate the ability of organs systems to resist to viral infection and increase the risk of damage to the immune,respiratory,cardiovascular,musculoskeletal systems and the *** cellular mechanisms and danger of this“second wave”effect of COVID-19 to the human body,along with the effects of aging,proper nutrition,and regular physical activity,are reviewed in this article.

关键词： Aging Brain Cardiovascular COVID-19 Immune Muscle Nutrition Physical inactivity Respiratory

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A Structured Method of Teaching Epidural Block reduces the incidence of accidental dural puncture in inexperienced trainees.

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第4期14卷 131-135页

作者： Marco Scorzoni Gianluigi Gonnella emanuele Capogna Marina Campione Gaetano Draisci Matteo Velardo Giorgio Capogna Department of Anesthesiology Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Economics and Law Enna Kore University Enna Italy European School of Obstetric Anesthesia Rome Italy

Background: The rate of accidental dural puncture is particularly high during the period of training, especially in novices. The structured epidural teaching model (SETM) includes three standardized video lessons, the construction of a 3D epidural module by trainees and practical training by using an epidural simulator with and without the CompuFlo™ Epidural instrument. In this study we report the retrospective analysis of the accidental dural puncture rate of inexperienced trainees during their 6 months clinical practice rotation in obstetrics before and after the introduction of the SETM in our Institution. Method: We evaluated the incidence of accidental dural puncture before the introduction of the SETM methodology and afterwards by analyzing our departmental database from February 2019 to January 2023. All epidural blocks were executed by trainees who had never previously performed an epidural block and were about to begin their obstetrics rotation. Results: We analyzed 7415 epidurals: 3703 were performed before the introduction of the SETM methodology (control group) and 3712 afterwards (study group). The incidence of accidental dural puncture was 0.37% for the control group and 0.13% for the study group (p<.05). The probability of making an accidental dural puncture was 64% (OR: 0.36) lower for trainees who had the training than for those who did not. Conclusions: After the introduction of the structured teaching method, we observed a significant reduction of accidental dural puncture during the training period. We hope that our observation will encourage a constructive discussion among experts about the need to use standardized and validated tools as a valuable aid in teaching epidural anesthesia.

关键词： teaching epidural Anesthesia obstetrical Anesthesia Anesthesia

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