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Expansion of GARP-Expressing CD4^(+)CD25^(-)FoxP3^(+)T Cells and SATB1Association with Activation and Coagulation in Immune Compromised HIV-1-Infected Individuals in South Africa

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1133-1143页

作者： eman Teer Danzil E.Joseph Leanne Dominick Richard H.Glashoff M.Faadiel Essop Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa(CARMA) Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7600South Africa Division of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department of PathologyStellenbosch University and NHLSCape Town 7505South Africa

Although antiretroviral treatment lowers the burden of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-related disease,it does not always result in immunological *** manifests as persistent chronic inflammation,immune activation or exhaustion that can promote the onset of *** the exact function of regulatory T(Treg)cells in HIV remains unclear,this cross-sectional study investigated three expression markers(Forkhead box protein P3[FOXP3],glycoprotein A repetitions predominant[GARP],special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1[SATB1])and compared their expansion between CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)T ***-matched study subjects were recruited(Western Cape,South Africa)and sub-divided:HIV-negative subjects(n=12),HIV-positive na(i|")ve treated(n=22),HIV-positive treated based on CD4 count cells/μL(CD4>500 and CD41000)(n=34).Markers of immune activation(CD38)and coagulation(CD142)on T cells(CD8)were assessed by flow cytometry together with FOXP3,GARP and SATB1 expression on CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)T *** levels of interleukin-10(IL-10;anti-inflammatory marker),IL-6(inflammatory marker)and D-dimer(coagulation marker)were *** study revealed three major findings in immuno-compromised patients with virological failure(CD41000):(1)the expansion of the unconventional Treg cell subset(CD4^(+)CD25^(-)FOXP3^(+))is linked with disease progression markers;(2)increased GARP expression in the CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)subsets;and(3)the identification of a strong link between CD4^(+)CD25^(-)SATB1+cells and markers of immune activation(CD8^(+)CD38^(+))and coagulation(CD8^(+)CD142^(+)and D-dimer).

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Regulatory T cells(Treg) Immune activation Progression markers Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant(GARP) Forkhead box protein P3(FOXP3)

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Rapid Method for Greywater Treatment and Their Potential Reuse in Agriculture

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第2期13卷 20-38页

作者： eman Mahmoud El Qrenawi Ibrahim EL-Nahhal Mohamad R. Al-Agha Yasser El-Nahhal Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science The Islamic University-Gaza Gaza Palestine Université de Toulon Aix-Marseille Université La Garde France

Greywater, a type of wastewater, may be hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Greywater is a large fraction of wastewater that needs adequate attention for remediation and reuse in the agricultural sector so that a part of the water problem can be sorted out. This study aims to develop a rapid method for greywater treatment and reuse in agriculture. A microfilter consisting of sand, clay, organo-clay, charcoal, and biochar was designed and tested for greywater treatments. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Dissolved Salts (TDS), Electric Conductivity (EC), turbidity and pH values were measured before and after using the microfilter. Results showed tremendous removal efficiency of BOD, COD, TKN, by using the developed microfilter. The microfilter was also effective in treating and placing pH, EC and TDS in the acceptable range for suitable agricultural use. Using the treated greywater for irrigation in corn, tomato seedlings showed increased growth compared with the control group (plants irrigated with tap water). This microfilter treatment was economical, safe, easy to handle and easily applicable. These encouraging results suggest the application of this method in many countries for solving the water scarcity problem.

关键词： Greywater Microfilter Sea Sand Organoclay Biochar Charcoal Sawdust

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Effect of treating chronic hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals on extrahepatic cutaneous manifestations

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第10期12卷 841-849页

作者： Mohamed El Kassas Osama MO Hegazy eman M Salah Department of Endemic Medicine Faculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairo 11795Egypt Department of Dermatology Venereology and AndrologyFaculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairo 11795Egypt

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a disease with a significant global impact,affecting approximately 2%-2.5%of the world’s *** direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)have been introduced over the past few years with great success in viral *** association of chronic HCV infection with a wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations has been widely reported in the *** To assess the effect of treating HCV with DAAs on the extrahepatic cutaneous manifestations of *** This prospective observational study included 1039 HCV positive Egyptian patients who were eligible to receive DAAs.A total of 30 patients were diagnosed with extrahepatic cutaneous manifestations and fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the *** these patients,6 had classic lichen planus,8 were diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris and 16 had *** patients received DAAs from October 2018 to July 2019 in the form of a three-month course of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir *** with lichen planus or psoriasis were dermoscopically evaluated before treatment and 6 mo after treatment,while patients with hepatic pruritus were assessed using the 12-Item Pruritus Severity Scale over the same *** All patients with psoriasis showed significant improvement in all psoriatic plaques,and all patients with hepatic pruritus scored 0 on the 12-Item Pruritus Severity Scale indicating total improvement of *** addition,four of six patients with lichen planus showed complete *** Treatment of HCV with DAAs was significantly effective in improving virusrelated extrahepatic cutaneous manifestations.

关键词： Directly acting antivirals Extrahepatic manifestations Hepatitis C virus Lichen planus Pruritus Cutaneous manifestations

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In Vitro assessment of the nutritive value of expanded soybean meal for dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2012年第2期3卷 93-99页

作者： eman A Elwakeel Evan C Titgemeyer Zongjia J Cheng Abdelaziz M Nour Mohamed EA Nasser Department of Animal & Fish Production Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University American Soybean Association-International Marketing

Little information is available about the nutritive value of expanded soybean meal, which is produced by expansion of soybeans prior to solvent extraction of the oil. During processing, expanded soybean meal is subjected to additional heat, which might increase the concentration of ruminally undegraded protein. Processing of soybeans with heat during oil extraction could affect lysine availability by increasing ruminally undegraded protein or by impairing intestinal digestion. Our objective was to compare solvent and expanded soybeans with regard to chemical composition and nutritive value for dairy cattle. Samples of expanded soybean meal （n = 14） and solventextracted soybean meal （n = 5） were obtained from People＇s Republic of China to study effects of the expansion process on nutritive value for dairy cattle. Solvent-extracted soybean meal （n = 2） and mechanically extracted （heated） soybean meal （n = 2） from the United States served as references for comparison. Samples were analyzed for crude fat, long-chain fatty acids, crude protein, amino acids, chemically available lysine, in situ ruminal protein degradation, and in vitro intestinal digestibility. No differences were found between solvent-extracted soybean meals from China and expanded soybean meals from China for crude fat, crude protein, amino acids, or chemically available lysine. In situ disappearance of nitrogen, ruminally undegraded protein content, and in vitro intestinal digestion of the ruminally undegraded protein were generally similar between solvent-extracted soybean meals made in China and expanded soybean meals made in China; variation among soybean meals was small. Results indicate that the additional heat from the expansion process was not great enough to affect the nutritive value of soybean meal protein for ruminants. Although expansion may improve the oil extraction process, the impact on the resulting soybean meal is minimal and does not require consideration when formulating ruminant di

关键词： Digestibility Escape Lysine Protein Rumen

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Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Adherence to Chronic Medications in Sudan in 2021

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第7期14卷 215-222页

作者： Aya S. Ahmed eman S. Wanasi Khadiga Eltegani Islam Ahmed Abdalla O. Elkhawad University of Medical Science and Technology (UMST) Khartoum Sudan General Medicine Medway Maritime Hospital Gillingham UK

Background: As the coronavirus spared accelerated, various sectors began to deteriorate since the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The health sector as one of the major areas where the pandemic put a huge strain was also affected in different ways. Precisely, patient adherence to medication despite difficulties was a point of a question for health staff. Thus, this survey aims to distinguish and discuss the possibility of patients with chronic medications receiving their drugs and taking them regularly as prescribed. Method: Two online questionnaires were generated using Google forms and distributed among patients with chronic illnesses and pharmacists in the Khartoum locality. The survey was conducted during the period of the study to get the most recent data. Results: 81.4% of the population stated that they did encounter difficulties in obtaining their chronic medication during the pandemic. Pharmacists reported that drug availability decreased by 87% in pharmacies, but a considerable proportion of patients adhered to their medications (84%), and obtained their medications through a variety of means. More than half of the patients ordered their medication illegally, in addition to another approach discussed in the paper.

关键词： COVID-19 Sudan Adherence Patient Pharmacist

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Biological in Vitro and in Vivo Studies of the Milk Thistle Seed Oil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 1015-1035页

作者： Heba H. Gaber Amal G. Sedki Walid A. El Sherbiny eman M. Elgendy Department of Home Economy Faculty of Specific Education Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

The milk thistle plant is one of the famous plants that have been gaining popularity for its therapeutic potential for centuries. Milk thistle seed oil (MTSO) has been subjected to extensive research. The fixed oil was extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum (L.) using petroleum ether as a solvent by a soxhlet device. GC-MS was used to identify the chemical composition of the oil. The antioxidant activity of MTSO was tested by the ABTS method, which showed the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. In addition, antimicrobial and antifungal investigations were examined. It proved that MTSO has an inhibitory effect against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and antifungal effects (Candida albicans). MTSO has a slightly higher effectiveness against fungi than bacteria. Moreover, the cytotoxic activities of the oil on hepatocellular and colorectal carcinoma were examined. MTSO has shown a moderate cytotoxic effect on the HCT-116 cell line and a weak effect on HePG-2. Whereas;in vivo study has been done on five diagnosed patients who have impaired liver function, and were recruited for the study. Their weight ranged from 100 ± 30 kg, their age range was between 39 - 50 years. Each patient was given ten drops of MTSO daily and added to a little water for a four-week study period. MTSO has effects to improve the function of the injured liver. The present work aims to study Milk thistle seed oil, for estimating its pharmacological properties for the liver. This study focused on showing the importance of milk thistle seed oil in our lives as a source of antioxidants, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, and as an anti-cancer of the liver and colon. It also sheds light on its importance as a treatment for impaired liver, function and fatty liver, due to its improvement in all liver function markers, so it can be hired as an effective human therapy.

关键词： Milk Thistle Antioxidant Antimicrobial Anticancer Liver Function Markers

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Mesenchymal stem cells are more effective than captopril in reverting cisplatin-induced nephropathy

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BIOCELL 2019年第2期43卷 73-79页

作者： ENTSAR A.SAAD REDA S.EL-DEMERDASH eman M.ABD EI-FATTAH Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceDamietta UniversityDamiettaEgypt Urology&Nephrology Center Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityEgypt

Cisplatin is a powerful anticancer drug but its nephrotoxic effects limit its clinical *** aimed to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)injection or of captopril to counteract the cisplatin-induction of *** isolation,preparation and tracking,transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and interleukin-10(IL-10)expressions,kidney function tests,oxidative stress state,and histological examinations were ***-induced nephropathy was indicated biochemically and confirmed *** treatment showed normal kidney architecture and significantly decreased oxidative stress and TGF-β while increased IL-10 and improved kidney function *** treated with cisplatin+captopril showed noticeable kidney histopathological *** positive impact of MSCs in amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephropathy via their ability to motivate functional and structural renal repair is evidenced.

关键词： Histopathology IL-10 Minerals Nephropathy Oxidative stress PCR Repair TGF-β

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Adult Sex Discrimination Using Metric Measurements of Hand Digital Radiographs in Egyptian Population

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2022年第2期10卷 27-43页

作者： Ghadeer M. M. Abdelaal eman A. A. Abdallah Asmaa A. Alshamy Elham Elshawadfy Megahed Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Radiology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Objective: The aim of the present study is to discriminate functions for sex determination in a subjected sample of the Egyptian population using the morphology of metacarpals and phalanges for gender comparison. Furthermore, the measurements discussed in this study will aid in predicting the differentiation independently and guaranteeing sex determination in the subjected population individually. Methods: Forty measurements were taken from the right metacarpals and phalangeal bones of 100 subjects, whose ages ranged from 19 to 60. Moreover, the measurements of nine metacarpals and four phalangeal bones were used for sex discrimination in each sample population. Results: Males had significantly greater mean values (P < 0.05) for the lengths of the metacarpals and the proximal phalangeal bones of all right-hand fingers than females. The cut-off value and the accuracy percentage for precise sex classification of males and females using individual and grouped bones showed that a value higher than the marking point classified an individual as male and that a lower value suggested female. Besides, the multiple stepwise discriminant functional analysis of the most predictable internal variables of the metacarpals revealed a cross-validated sex classification accuracy of 100%. In contrast, the most predictable internal variables of the phalanges showed a cross-validated sex classification accuracy of 93%. Conclusion: The results revealed a new forensic suggestion for the determination of sex based on the measurements of the metacarpals and the phalanges. Moreover, various discriminant equations were applied for the declaration of this conceivable recommendation.

关键词： Sex Discrimination Metacarpals Phalanges Osteometric Measurements

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Long-term results of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in Egyptian population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第3期11卷 416-421页

作者： eman Elhefney Tharwat Mokbel Waleed Abou Samra Hanem Kishk Tarek Mohsen Amr El-Kannishy Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University

AIM： To evaluate the long-term results and complications of Ahmed glaucoma valve （AGV） implantation in a cohort of Egyptian patients. METHODS： A retrospective study of 124 eyes of 99 patients with refractory glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation and had a minimum follow-up of 5y was performed. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination and intraocular pressure （lOP） measurement before surgery and at ld, weekly for the 1st month, 3, 6mo, and ly after surgery and yearly afterward for 5y. lOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry and/or Tono-Pen. Complications and the number of anti-glaucoma medications needed were recorded. Success was defined as lOP less than 21 mm Hg with or without anti-glaucoma medication and without additional glaucoma surgery. RESULTS： Mean age was 23.1±19.9y. All eyes had at least one prior glaucoma surgery, lOP was reduced from a mean of 37.2±6.8 to 19.2±5.2 mm Hg after 5y follow-up with a reduced number of medications from 2.64±0.59 to 1.81±0.4. Complete and qualified success rates were 31.5% and 46.0% respectively at the end of follow-up. The most common complications were encapsulated cyst formation in 51 eyes （41.1%）, complicated cataract in 9 eyes （7.25%）, recessed tube in 8 eyes （6.45%）, tube exposure in 6 eyes （4.8%） and corneal touch in 6 eyes （4.8%）. Other complications included extruded AGV, endophthalmitis and persistent hypotony. Each of them was recorded in only 2 eyes （1.6%）. ~ CONCLUSION： Although refractory glaucoma is a difficult problem to manage, AGV is effective and relatively safe procedure in treating refractory glaucoma in Egyptian patients with long-term follow-up. Encapsulated cyst formation was the most common complication, which limits successful lOP control after AGV implantation. However, effective complications management can improve the rate of success.

关键词： intraocular pressure Ahmed glaucoma valve refractory glaucoma long-term follow-up of glaucoma Ahmedvalve complications

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Dose Assessment for Some Industrial Gamma Sources with an Application to a Radiation Accident

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2014年第1期2卷 4-11页

作者： eman Massoud Radiation Protection Department Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority Cairo Egypt

Accidents involving industrial radiography are the most frequent cause of severe or fatal overexposure to workers and the public. On May 5, 2000, a radiation accident happened at a construction site in a gamma radiography practice at the village of Meet Halfa-Egypt. The accident was a severe overdose of non-radiation workers due to external exposure of Ir-192. This paper provides a methodology for calculating doses and dose rates from the most commonly used industrial γ-sources: 192Ir, 60Co, 134Cs, 137Cs and 131I. For this purpose, MCNP computer code based on Monte Carlo technique is used. The applied method helps firstly in studying and analyzing the doses from the above mentioned sources. Secondly, it provides a lead container design in a trial to reduce the dose rate within the permissible. Computer models were used to simulate the 192Ir Meet Halfa accident. To verify these models, the calculated doses were compared with a well-known empirical formula to convert source activity into dose rate and then the models were applied at different distances to analyze the factors that affect the deposited dose in the human body to find out the dose received by the victims.

关键词： Radiation Accidents Sources Used in Industry Dose Assessment

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