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Diminishing demandingness of parents;children with recurrent infections

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Health 2012年第8期4卷 483-489页

作者： ellen van der gaag Miriam Münow Department of Pediatrics Hospital Group Twente Hengelo The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Marien-Hospital GmbH Wesel Germany

Background and Method: Parenting and parenting styles are in favor of authoritative parents compared with non-authoritative parents. These parents display higher levels of both responsiveness and demandingness. We studied the aspect of demandingness using a questionnaire aimed at children aged between 1 and 4 years. 82 Children with recurrent respiratory infections (RRI) and 399 control children were included. Results: Parents of RRI children regulated the quantitative dietary intake of their child less;likewise they gave less stimulation to their children to eat. They also taught their children less on what they can or cannot touch and they argued more with their children (all p < 0.05). However, when it comes to simple rules like watching television or not, the parents of RRI children were very clear. There were however no differences in rules about television watching, computer time or bedtimes. Conclusions: Our study shows that parents of children with RRI are less demanding in complex pedagogic situations that ask for creativity from the parents. However, they are demanding with respect to simple rules. We found no child factors that could explain why children give their parents a hard time. We hypothesize that the parents of RRI children could be less capable of handling complex pedagogic situations (even more complicated by the infections) instead of being unwilling.

关键词： Recurrent Infections Demandingness Parenting

Upper respiratory tract infections in children: A normal stage or high parental concern?

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2012年第3期2卷 244-249页

作者： ellen J. van der gaag Nicole van Droffelaar Department of Pediatrics Hospital Group Twente Hengelo The Netherlands

Background: Families function less efficiently when one of the children suffers from illness. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are common among children. Though the child may have no critical or serious health problem, the parents may frequently get worried and visit the general practitioner or pediatrician. Do children with URTI who visit the doctor frequently pass through a normal stage in childhood or are their parents more concerned than usual? Methods: A questionnaire was filled out for 76 children between 1 and 4 years of age. Two groups were created: a URTI group and a control group. Results: The URTI group suffered from these infections for 19.4 days a month, compared with 5.9 days in the control group. In addition, they also suffered from fever for a longer duration and used more antibiotics. The parents of these children were found to be more concerned, caused by a fear of a serious disease. They often keep their child at home and make their child consume more medicines. Conclusions: Parents of children with recurrent infections are found to be more concerned and a hypothesis of high parental concern and child's illness is discussed. Minimizing parental concern can therefore be a possible preventive treatment.

关键词： Recurrent Infections Children Concern Family Functioning

Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Children Can Normalize after Changes in Dietary Intake

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 411-416页

作者： Marjolein W. J. Kuiper ellen J. van der gaag Department of Pediatrics Ziekenhuisgroep Twente Hengelo The Netherlands.

Background: There is no effective treatment for children with subclinical hypothyroidism. The natural course of subclinical hypothyroidism shows a normalization rate of 41% for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Objective;The thyroid needs (among others) iron, iodine, and vitamin A for a proper thyroid hormone synthesis. We hypothesize that with a dietary change, more children can normalize their TSH. Design: In this case-control study, 54 children aged 1 - 14 years with subclinical hypothyroidism were divided into a diet group and a control group. The diet consisted of green vegetables, beef, full fat milk, and butter. The diet was followed for at least 3 months. A total of 27 patients comprised the diet group and 27 the control group. TSH, Free T4 (FT4), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were evaluated during the follow up. Results: By following this diet, TSH levels decreased significantly compared to when following the natural course. FT4 levels did not change during the follow up. The diet group realized a change of normalizing their TSH with a RR 2.8 (95% CI 1.45 - 5.61). There were no changes in BMI after following the diet. Conclusions: Even though our study population was small, we observed the association of a dietary change and normalization of TSH in children with subclinical hypothyroidism, without adverse effects.

关键词： Subclinical Hypothyroidism TSH BMI Vitamin A Dairy Products Beef Vegetables

The Teaspoon Method;A Simple Training Program for Feeding Disorders in High Functioning Autistic Children

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期7卷 59-71页

作者： ellen J. van der gaag Marlou C. E. Snijders Department of Pediatrics Hospital Group Twente Hengelo The Netherlands

Objective: About 90% of autistic children are known to have a selective feeding disorder. In particular, methods are lacking for stimulating self feeding and treating selective eating amongst school-aged and adolescent autistic children. We developed a simple training programme for paediatricians in a general hospital to improve the eating pattern of autistic children and decrease selectivity. Methods: The study is an experimental patient series. The instructions for the training were given in 15-minute sessions by a paediatrician with the use of social positive and negative reinforcements. The negative reinforcement was an avoidance situation. The training was performed with parental participation in the home environment of the child. Results and conclusion: In the before and after measurement, the quantitative intake of fruit, potatoes and vegetables increased significantly (p < 0.05). Food selectivity decreased, expressed by an increase in variation of consumed fruit, meat, potatoes and sandwich filling (p < 0.01). The costs of the training are low, and the children stay in their home environment.

关键词： Autism Feeding Disorders Children Parents

Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children;The Influence of Green Vegetables, Beef, Whole Milk and Butter

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第10期4卷 71-77页

作者： Loes G. H. Ten Velde Jolien Leegsma ellen J. van der gaag Department of Pediatrics Ziekenhuis Groep Twente Hengelo The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Ziekenhuis Groep Twente Hengelo The Netherlands.

Background: Immunological mechanism and dietary nutrients are important mediators in the health of children. In this intervention study a dietary advice is given to children between 1 and 6 years of age with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Could a change in nutrient intake result in an altered clinical outcome? Design: In this prospective cohort study 61 children were included and evaluated at a paediatric outpatient clinic. The control group consisted of 32 children included at an infant welfare centre. The patient group followed the dietary advice (green vegetables, beef, whole milk, full-fat butter) for three months, in which parents filled out their dietary intake and health status on a daily basis. A follow up form was filled out by the parents 3 months after completion of the study period. For statistical analysis the programme SPSS version 15.0 was used. Results: In the patient group there was a statistical significant reduction in days with a respiratory infection (15.7 to 11.5 days a month), subfebrile temperature days (1.9 to 0.5 days a month) and febrile temperature days (1.0 to 0.7 days a month) compared to the control group. Also, antibiotic use decreased significantly. No significant changes were measured in body mass index. Conclusions: A change of diet towards green vegetables, beef, whole milk and full-fat butter has positive health effects in children. This diet may work by adding nutrients to optimize immunological mechanisms. There were no adverse effects and it can be utilized by general pediatricians and general practitioners.

关键词： Nutrients Respiratory Infections Common Cold Dairy Products Vegetables

CD4^(+)T cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij J.P.Welters Tom de Wit ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia J.Santegoets Timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der Veen Joris L.Vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg Jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)T-cell help,specifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting ***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)T cells in *** CD4^(+)T cells produce IFNβvia the STING pathway,which promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce CTL anticancer *** cooperation with CD40 ligand(L),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTL response ***-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells are present in diverse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”signals to CTLs locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)T *** agreement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CTL priming Tumor control

RNAi mechanisms in Huntington’s disease therapy:siRNA versus shRNA

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 300-309页

作者： Sebastian Aguiar Bram van der gaag Francesco Albert Bosco Cortese Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences(SILS-CNS)University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands Fulbright Program US Department of State(IIE)New York CityNYUSA Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden Biogerontology Research Foundation(BGRF) OxfordUK Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen’s University School of MedicineQueen’s UniversityKingstonCanada

Huntington’s Disease(HD)is a genetically dominant trinucleotide repeat disorder resulting from CAG repeats within the Huntingtin(HTT)gene exceeding a normal range(>36 CAGs).Symptoms of the disease manifest in middle age and include chorea,dystonia,and cognitive *** latency from diagnosis to death is 20 *** are currently no disease-modifying therapies available to HD *** is a potentially curative therapy for HD.A popular line of research employs siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides(ASO)to knock down mutant Huntingtin mRNA(mHTT).Unfortunately,this modality requires repeated dosing,commonly exhibit off target effects(OTEs),and exert renal and hepatic *** contrast,a single AAV-mediated short-hairpin RNA(shRNA)dose can last years with low *** addition,we highlight research indicating that shRNA elicits fewer OTEs than siRNA when tested *** this promise,shRNA therapy has been held back by difficulties controlling expression(oversaturating cells with toxic levels of RNA construct).In this review,we compare RNAi modalities for HD and propose novel methods of optimizing shRNA expression and on-target fidelity.

关键词： RNAi shRNA siRNA Huntington’s disease Off-target effects Huntingtin Silencing

Coronary leukocyte activation in relation to progression of coronary artery disease

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Frontiers of Medicine 2016年第1期10卷 85-90页

作者： Marijke A. de Vries Arash Alipour Erwin Bimie Andrew Westzaan Selvetta van Santen ellen van der Zwan Anho H. Liem Noelle van der Meulen Manuel Castro Cabezas Department of Internal Medicine Centre for Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Rotterdam P.O. Box 10900 3004 BA The Netherlands Department of Statistics and Education Rotterdam P.O. Box 10900 3004 BA The Netherlands Department of Clinical Chemistry Rotterdam P.O. Box 10900 3004 BA The Netherlands Department of Cardiology Sint Franciscus Gasthuis Rotterdam P.O. Box 10900 3004 BA The Netherlands

Leukocyte activation has been linked to atherogenesis, but there is little in vivo evidence for its role in the progression of atherosclerosis. We evaluated the predictive value for progression of coronary artery disease （CAD） of leukocyte activation markers in the coronary circulation. Monocyte and neutrophil CDllb, neutrophil CD66b expression and intracellular neutrophil myeloperoxidase （MPO） in the coronary arteries were determined by flow cytometry in patients undergoing coronary angiography. The primary outcome included fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction or arterial vascular intervention due to unstable angina pectoris. In total 99 subjects who were included, 70 had CAD at inclusion （26 patients had single-vessel disease, 18 patients had two- vessel disease and 26 patients had three-vessel disease）. The median follow-up duration was 2242 days （interquartile range： 2142-2358）. During follow-up, 13 patients （13%） developed progression of CAD. Monoeyte CDllb, neutrophil CDllb and CD66b expression and intraceilular MPO measured in blood obtained from the coronary arteries were not associated with the progression of CAD. These data indicate that coronary monocyte CDllb, neutrophil CDllb and CD66b expression and intracellular MPO do not predict the risk of progression of CAD.

关键词： coronary artery disease inflammation integrin myeloperoxidase leukocyte activation

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多孔设计的蝶阀

流程工业 2012年第10期 86-87页

作者： Rene von der gaag Tyco Valves＆Controls公司

对于流程工业企业、水处理和公共事业单位来讲，管道中水流的调节是一项要求很高的任务。水流的气蚀作用和水击作用都会给流程设备的设计带来很大限制，降低了流程设备的生产效率，增加了流程设备维护保养的费用。与传统的蝶阀相比较，... 详细信息

对于流程工业企业、水处理和公共事业单位来讲，管道中水流的调节是一项要求很高的任务。水流的气蚀作用和水击作用都会给流程设备的设计带来很大限制，降低了流程设备的生产效率，增加了流程设备维护保养的费用。与传统的蝶阀相比较，新型蝶阀提供了更好的解决方案。

关键词：蝶阀设计多孔流程工业企业设备维护保养流程设备事业单位水击作用