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elevated plasma interleukin-8 as a risk factor for mortality in children presenting with cerebral malaria

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第1期12卷 47-61页

作者： Jade Royo Bertin Vianou Manfred Accrombessi elisée kinkpé Linda Ayédadjou Ida Dossou-Dagba YéléLadipo Maroufou Jules Alao Gwladys I.Bertin Michel Cot Farid Boumédiène Sandrine Houzé Jean François Faucher Agnès Aubouy 无 UMR152 PHARMADeV IRDUPSToulouse University35 Chemin Des Maraichers31400 ToulouseFrance Clinical Research Institute of Benin(IRCB) Abomey CalaviBenin Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases Disease Control DepartmentLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK Paediatric Department Calavi HospitalCalaviBenin Paediatric Department Mother and Child University and Hospital Center(CHU-MEL)CotonouBenin UMR261 MeRIT IRDParis UniversityParisFrance UMR 1094 epiMaCT InsermLimoges University HospitalLimoges UniversityLimogesFrance French Malaria Reference Center APHPBichat HospitalParisFrance Parasitology Laboratory APHPBichat-Claude-Bernard HospitalParisFrance Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Department Limoges University HospitalLimogesFrance NeuroCM Group

Background Cerebral malaria(CM)is a neuropathology which remains one of the deadliest forms of malaria among African *** kinetics of the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to neuroinflammation and the death or survival of patients during CM are still poorly *** increasing production of cytokines,chemokines and other actors of the inflammatory and oxidative response by various local actors in response to neuroinflammation plays a major role during CM,participating in both the amplification of the neuroinflammation phenomenon and its *** this study,we aimed to identify risk factors for CM death among specific variables of inflammatory and oxidative responses to improve our understanding of CM *** Children presenting with CM(n=70)due to *** infection were included in southern Benin and divided according to the clinical outcome into 50 children who survived and 20 who *** examination was complemented by fundoscopic examination and extensive blood biochemical analysis associated with molecular diagnosis by multiplex PCR targeting 14 pathogens in the patients'cerebrospinal fluid to rule out *** technology and enzyme immunoassay kits were used to measure 17 plasma and 7 urinary biomarker levels,*** were analysed by univariate analysis using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson’s Chi2 *** and multivariate analyses were conducted separately for plasma and urinary biomarkers to identify CM mortality risk *** Univariate analysis revealed higher plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor(TNF),interleukin-1beta(IL-1β),IL-10,IL-8,C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9(CXCL9),granzyme B,and angiopoietin-2 and lower urinary levels of prostanglandine e2 metabolite(PGeM)in children who died compared to those who survived CM(Mann-Whitney U-test,P-values between 0.03 ande multivariate logistic analysis highlighted elevated plasma levels of IL-8 as the m

关键词： Cerebral malaria Children Benin Cytokine Plasma Urine Immunologic marker NeuroCM

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Knee Osteoarthritis Progression after Distal Femur Closing Wedge Osteotomy

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第4期14卷 187-199页

作者： Ferdinand Nyankoué Mebouinz Khalifa Fall Kennedy Muluem Justine Raphaela Nyekel Moustapha Niane Alioune Badara Gueye Daniel Handy eone Charles Valerie kinkpé Department of Surgery and Specialties The Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Surgery and Specialties The Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Despite the conservative treatment of tibio-femoral osteoarthritis through realignment osteotomies, the rate of total knee replacements following an osteotomy is increasing. The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with the progression of knee osteoarthritis after a medial closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy. Methods: Hospital-based observational study on 20 patients who underwent a medial closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy evaluating the progression of osteoarthritis using the Kellgren and Laurence classification. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the variation in the progressive stage of the Kellgren and Laurence classification of knee osteoarthritis preoperatively and at the final follow up. Univariate analysis made it possible to determine the factors associated with progression. The final significance threshold for statistical tests was set at 5% (p Results: Overall, the mean follow-up of 46 months ± 6.6 months, with a mean age of 43 years (range: 27 - 69 years) and a female predominance (M: F = 3/7). The progression of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis following a medial closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy is associated with valgus or varum malalignment been a moderate valgus (OR 6.2 [1.5 - 42.7] at 95% CI;p-value = 0.02), a correction of the mechanical deviation angle with a valgus alignment (OR 2.7 [0.9 - 8.3] at 95% CI), and loss of correction (OR 3.8 [1.3 - 11.6] at 95% CI;p -value) for the lateral compartment while varus alignment (OR 1.7 [0.9 - 8.3] 95% CI, p-value = 0.05) and with rupture of the lateral cortex (OR 2.8 [1.7 - 11.5] 95% CI, p-value = 0.02) were those of the medial compartment. Conclusion: Distal femur closing wedge osteotomy does not definitively interrupt the progression of valgus knee osteoarthritis. The factors associated with the progression of this pathology are modifiable. Taking them into account when performing this surgical technique could improve the osteotomy survival curve.

关键词： Knee Osteoarthritis Progression Osteotomy Distal Femur

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ethnobotanical and Phytochemical Study of Medicinal Plants Sold in the Markets of the City of N’Djamena

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第4期14卷 121-144页

作者： Djibrine Adoum Oumar Teissir Ibrahim Abakar Hama Cissé Salomon Madjitoloum Betoloum Adama Sawadogo Jean-Ulrich Muandze Nzambe elisée Mbayngone Abdelsalam Tidjani Aly Savadogo Natural Substances Research Laboratory (NSRL) Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Food Science and Nutrition Research Laboratory (FSNRL) Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FHHS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad

The use of medicinal plants occupies an important place in traditional Chadian medicine, this study was carried out with the aim of listing the medicinal plants sold in the markets of the city of N’Djamena, and knowledge of the medicinal flora Chad, such as the leaves of Guiera senegalensis in Arabic called Khibeche, the roots of Cassia occidentalis called Am kwala-Kinkéliba in Arabic;the bark of Khaya senegalensis (Desv) A. Juss called Muraї in Arabic and the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum called Helbé in Arabic in order to treat the most frequently cited diseases such as malaria, the common cold, mother and newborn care, and typhoid. ethnobotanical surveys were conducted from September to December 2022, in three markets in the city of N’Djamena, based on individual interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire, with 30 herbalists and traditional practitioners. Phytochemical screening analyses of the organs of four plants were carried out in the chemistry and biology laboratory of the Faculty of exact and Applied Sciences (FSeA) following a standard protocol established by [1] and slightly modified by [2] [3]. The results of the surveys identified 68 species divided into fifty-five (55) genera and twenty-seven (27) families, the most represented of which were Caesalpiniaceae (10 species), Mimosaceae (5 species) and Combretaceae (4 species). The leaves were the most commonly used parts (43%), with decoction (70%) the most frequently used method of preparation. The oral route was the most popular with 73% of recipes. The phytochemical study revealed a wealth of secondary metabolites such as Trapezoidal Sterols, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Free Quinones, Anthocyane, Anthraquinones, Saponosides and Heterosides. These results can be considered as a source of information for scientific research in the field of phytochemistry and pharmacology.

关键词： Chad (N’Djamena) Medicinal Plants ethnobotany Screening Phytochemistry

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Phytochemical Screening, Study of Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles from Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J. Leonard (Caesalpiniaceae)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 118-130页

作者： Ngoulé Charles Christian eya’ane Meva François Sone enone Bertin Ngo Nyobe Biwole Caroline Tankeu Séverin elisée Songue Pascal Nguene Jean Pierre etame-Loe Gisèle Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Biology of Plant Organisms Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

According to the World Health Organization, diabetes affects approximately 347 million people worldwide. Its management is not within the reach of all social classes, therefore medicinal plants are still the first resort for many populations in Africa. The biological material used in this study was the trunk bark of Guibourtia tessmannii. 50 g of trunk bark powder were decocted in 500 ml of distilled water for 5 minutes were carried out. The method used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) was an organometallic bio-reduction of silver nitrate salts mediated by various secondary metabolites contained in the plant extract. The study of the toxicity acute was conducted according to guideline 423 of the OeCD protocol. The pharmacological activities were each carried out with 28 female rats divided into 7 groups of four rats. It was a question for the hypoglycemic activity of administering various doses of silver nanoparticles and other substances to the rats thirty minutes after the carbohydrate intake and for the anti-hyperglycemic activity of administering the same substances to the rats thirty minutes before the carbohydrate intake. The extraction yield was 8.76%. Only the alkaloid test was negative. After acute toxicity study, the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg. Blood sugar tests revealed that glibenclamide 5 mg/kg, which is the reference molecule, lowered blood sugar more than the other treatments applied in the other batches. It was followed by treatment with silver nanoparticles at a dose of 400 μg/kg in both tests. It was therefore concluded that silver nanoparticles from G. tessmannii are good for the formulation of improved traditional medicines and bring up their afficacity .

关键词： Guibourtia tessmannii Nanoparticles Hypoglycemia Anti-Hyperglycemia

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Non-traumatic coma in young children in Benin:are viral and bacterial infections gaining ground on cerebral malaria?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 1-10页

作者： Josselin Brisset Karl Angendu Baki Laurence Watier elisee kinkpe Justine Bailly Linda Ayedadjou Maroufou Jules Alao Ida Dossou-Dagba Gwladys I.Bertin Michel Cot Farid Boumediene Daniel Ajzenberg Agnes Aubouy Sandrine Houze Jean-Francois Faucher NeuroCM Group Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Department Limoges University Hospital2 Avenue Martin Luther King87000 LimogesFrance Inserm UMR 1094 IRD U270EpiMaCT-Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zoneInstitute of Epidemiology and Tropical NeurologyOmegaHealthUniv.LimogesCHU LimogesLimogesFrance Center for Research in epidemiology and Population Health(CeSP) INSERM U1018Paris-Saclay UniversityUVSQMontigny-Le-BretonneuxFrance epidemiology and Modeling of Bacterial evasion to Antibacterials Unit(eMeA) Institut Pasteur25-28Rue du Dr.Roux75724 Paris Cedex 15France Paediatric Department Calavi HospitalCalaviBenin UMR261 MeRIT IRDUniversite de Paris75006 ParisFrance French Malaria Reference Center Hopital BichatAPHPParisFrance Paediatric Department Mother and Child University and Hospital Center(CHU-MEL)CotonouBenin Clinical Research Institute of Benin(IRCB) Abomey CalaviBenin UMR152 PHARMADeV Universite de ToulouseIRDUPSToulouseFrance Parasitology Laboratory Hopital Bichat-Claude-BernardAPHPParisFrance. 不详

Background:While malaria morbidity and mortality have declined since 2000,viral central nervous system infections appear to be an important,underestimated cause of coma in malaria-endemic eastern *** aimed to describe the etiology of non-traumatic comas in young children in Benin,as well as their management and early outcomes,and to identify factors associated with ***:From March to November 2018,we enrolled all HIV-negative children aged between 2 and 6 years,with a Blantyre Coma Score≤2,in this prospective observational *** were screened for malaria severity signs and assessed using a systematic diagnostic protocol,including blood cultures,malaria diagnostics,and cerebrospinal fluid analysis using multiplex *** determine factors associated with death,univariate and multivariate analyses were ***:From 3244 admissions,84 children were included:malaria was diagnosed in 78,eight of whom had a viral or bacterial *** children had a non-malarial infection or no identified *** mortality rate was 29.8%(25/84),with 20 children dying in the first 24 ***-infected children appeared to have a poorer *** the 76 children who consulted a healthcare professional before admission,only 5 were prescribed adequate antimalarial oral *** of early death were jaundice or increased bilirubin[odd ratio(OR)=8.6;95% confidential interval(CI):2.03-36.1]and lactate>5 mmol/L(OR=5.1;95%CI:1.49-17.30).Antibiotic use before admission(OR=0.1;95%CI:0.02-0.85)and vaccination against yellow fever(OR=0.2,95%CI:0.05-0.79)protected against ***:Infections were found in all children who died,and cerebral malaria was by far the most common cause of non-traumatic *** opportunities to receive early effective antimalarial treatment were *** central nervous system infections must be considered in their *** factors that proved to be protective against early death were unexpected.

关键词： Non-traumatic coma Cerebral malaria Co-infection Central nervous system infection West Africa

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Simplified seismic scenario analysis of existing masonry buildings accounting for local site effects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第2期18卷 309-318页

作者： Ayşe e.ÖZSOYÖZBAY Işıl SANRI KARAPINAR Zehra N.KUTLU İsmail e.KILIÇ Department of Civil engineering Maltepe UniversityIstanbul 34857Turkey School of engineering and Construction Oryx Universal CollegeDoha 12253Qatar

This study discusses the effects of local sites and hazard amplification on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry *** this context,a rapid seismic evaluation procedure was implemented on an old masonry building stock in the historical center Galata,located inİstanbul,to determine the seismic risk priority of the built *** scenarios were generated for all soil classes,different moment magnitudes,and source-to-site distances to obtain more accurate results for the seismic vulnerability assessment of the studied building ***,damage distributions estimated under nine different scenarios with/without site effects were compared and illustrated in maps to discuss changes in vulnerability owing to amplification *** this study,by re-examining the rapid seismic evaluation procedure by including geo-hazard-based assessment,the importance of site effects on the vulnerability and risk assessment of built heritage was *** proposed framework integrating field data and local site effects is believed to advance the current applications for vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings and provide an improvement in the application of rapid seismic assessment procedures with more reliable results.

关键词： masonry buildings seismic vulnerability assessment cultural heritage local site effect

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF DUPIN HYPeRSURFACeS IN LIe SPHeRe GeOMeTRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： Thomas e.CeCIL Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and global classification results concerning Dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have been obtained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate Dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of submanifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are described in *** paper also contains several important constructions of Dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： Dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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Investigating the impact of the universal function of the nuclear proximity potential in heavy-ion fusion cross sections

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期76卷 86-93页

作者： R Gharaei e Sarvari Department of Physics Sciences FacultyHakim Sabzevari UniversityPO Box 397SabzevarIran Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of MashhadPO Box 91775-1436MashhadIran Science Faculty Department of PhysicsTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

The fusion barriers and cross sections of 15 colliding systems with 320≤Z_(1)Z_(2)≤1512 are investigated in detail to understand the influence of the universal function of proximity potential formalism in the heavy-ion fusion *** realize this goal,we select three versions of the phenomenological proximity potentials,including Prox.77,Zhang 2013,and Guo 2013,to calculate the nucleus-nucleus *** experimental fusion cross sections for the selected reactions are analyzed using the standard coupled-channel calculations,including couplings to the low-lying 2^(+)and 3^(-)states in the target and *** calculated results show that the universal functions of the Guo 2013 and Prox.77 models provide the lowest and highest fusion barriers,*** addition,it is found that the height of the fusion barriers is enhanced by increasing the mass number of the projectile from light to heavy *** highest sensitivity to the mass number of the projectile belongs to the results of Prox.77.A discussion is also presented on the influence of the universal function on the radial behavior of the interaction potential in the allowed region for overlapping *** results reveal that the best fit to the experimental data of the fusion cross sections for the reactions involving light and medium nuclei is obtained using the universal function of the Zhang 2013 *** the heavier systems,the results of the Guo 2013 model at sub-barrier energies provide a good description of the available data.

关键词： fusion reactions proximity-type potentials universal function coupled-channel calculations

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FSCIL-eACA: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning Network Based on embedding Augmentation and Classifier Adaptation for Image Classification

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Chinese Journal of electronics 2024年第1期33卷 139-152页

作者： Ruru ZHANG Haihong e Meina SONG School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications education Department Information Network engineering Research Center Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The ability to learn incrementally is critical to the long-term operation of AI systems. Benefiting from the power of few-shot class-incremental learning(FSCIL), deep learning models can continuously recognize new classes with only a few samples. The difficulty is that limited instances of new classes will lead to overfitting and exacerbate the catastrophic forgetting of the old classes. Most previous works alleviate the above problems by imposing strong constraints on the model structure or parameters, but ignoring embedding network transferability and classifier adaptation(CA), failing to guarantee the efficient utilization of visual features and establishing relationships between old and new classes. In this paper, we propose a simple and novel approach from two perspectives: embedding bias and classifier bias. The method learns an embedding augmented(eA) network with cross-class transfer and class-specific discriminative abilities based on self-supervised learning and modulated attention to alleviate embedding bias. Based on the adaptive incremental classifier learning scheme to realize incremental learning capability,guiding the adaptive update of prototypes and feature embeddings to alleviate classifier bias. We conduct extensive experiments on two popular natural image datasets and two medical datasets. The experiments show that our method is significantly better than the baseline and achieves state-of-the-art results.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Visualization Image recognition Prototypes Self-supervised learning Power capacitors

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The effect of the concentration of plastic waste on the formation of reaction products of the Ti–PeT system

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Green Chemical engineering 2024年第3期5卷 374-382页

作者： Aleksey e.Matveev Tomsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The paper presents research results of the synthesis, phase composition, and structure of products obtained by highly exothermic reactions between Ti and C10H8O4mixture components, depending on the plastic waste concentration and Ti powder dispersiveness, density of initial samples, and synthesis medium. The dependence of the phase composition and structure of the synthesis products on the concentration of the polymer（plastic）component in the initial Ti-PeT(C10H8O4) system was found. When the plastic waste content is 20 wt% to 25 wt%, synthesis products contain TiC0.5O0.5–TiC0.6–0.75particle agglomerates. Further growth in the polyethylene terephthalate content from 30 wt% to 45 wt% leads to the formation of synthesis products consisting of titanium carbide(TiC0.6–1.0). The gaseous byproduct composition of the exothermic reaction is investigated for the Ti–-C10H8O4mixture composition. It is found that the gaseous by-product mostly contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide as well as impurities of different hydrocarbons（methane, acetylene, ethane, ethene） and carbon dioxide. The maximum adiabatic temperature of the gas combustion temperature is 2080℃, which demonstrates the possibility of using gas as a fuel for energy generation devices. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to create a basis for a new plastic waste technology to fabricate carbide-containing materials.

关键词： Plastic waste Titanium carbide Green technology Hydrogen synthesis

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