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A model of regional economic development with increasing returns

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第1期8卷 164-170页

作者： QIAN edward Y. YAO Yao-jun CHEN Gary Center for Research of Private Economy Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China College of Finance Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou 310018 China Department of Management Setenee University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

This paper develops mathematically and empirically tractable regional and interregional model of economic devel-opment with increasing returns to scale (IRS) under the neoclassical assumptions. A one-sector, two-region model in which one region exhibits IRS is presented and the whole nation presents constant returns to scale. The development of the local IRS economy is shown to be constrained to a “moving equilibrium” path. The preliminary empirical results are sufficiently supportive of the argument to encourage further research along the lines of the model. In particular, the neoclassical model does not predict negative coefficients on the real rental value of capital in regressions explaining population or employment relative to that in the nation.

关键词： Economic development Increasing returns Moving equilibrium

Computational Intelligence Determines Effective Rationality

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 63-66页

作者： edward P.K.Tsang Centre for Computational Finance and Economic Agents University of EssexColchester CO4 3SQUK

Rationality is a fundamental concept in economics. Most researchers will accept that human beings are not fully rational. Herbert Simon suggested that we are ＂bounded rational＂. However, it is very difficult to quantify ＂bounded rationality＂, and therefore it is difficult to pinpoint its impact to all those economic theories that depend on the assumption of full rationality. Ariel Rubinstein proposed to model bounded rationality by explicitly specifying the decision makers＇ decision-making procedures. This paper takes a computational point of view to Rubinstein＇s approach. From a computational point of view, decision procedures can be encoded in algorithms and heuristics. We argue that, everything else being equal, the effective rationality of an agent is determined by its computational power - we refer to this as the computational intelligence determines effective rationality （CIDER） theory. This is not an attempt to propose a unifying definition of bounded rationality. It is merely a proposal of a computational point of view of bounded rationality. This way of interpreting bounded rationality enables us to （computationally） reason about economic systems when the full rationality assumption is relaxed.

关键词： Rationality bounded rationality computational intelligence economics computational intelligence determines effective rationality (CIDER) theory.

Enhancing work hardening and ductility in additively manufacturedβTi:roles played by grain orientation,morphology and substructure

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 131-141页

作者： Ahmad Zafari edward Wen Chiek Lui Mogeng Li Kenong Xia Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia Centre for Additive Manufacturing School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Physics of Fluids Group Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid DynamicsJ.M.Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics and MESA+Research InstituteDepartment of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Twente7500AE Enschedethe Netherlands

A metastableβTi alloy was additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).Tensile testing along the build direction of the as-LPBF material(LPBF-0°)revealed signifcant work softening immediately following yielding with no uniform *** contrast,substantial work hardening and uniform elongation well over 10%were achieved perpendicular to the build direction(LPBF-90°).Similar effects were obtained in the build direction after super transus heat treatment(LPBF-0°+HT)although the strength was slightly *** addition,the yield drop phenomenon observed in both orientations of the as-LPBF materials disappeared after *** enhanced work hardening ability,and thus ductility,can be attributed to increased interactions of slip bands/slip bands owing to additional{112}slip systems becoming operative in LPBF-0°+HT and LPBF-90°while LPBF-0°was dominated by{110}*** other variations after HT may be related to the coarsening of grain structure and removal of specifc substructures in the as-LPBF microstructure.

关键词： βtitanium Work hardening Anisotropy Equiaxed microstructure Slip band Laser powder bed fusion

Cardiovascular disease and male sexual dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第1期17卷 3-4,I0006页

作者： Martin Miner edward D Kim Miriam Hospital Men's Health Center Warren Alpert School of Medicine Brown University Providence RI USA Department of Surgery Division of Urology University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine Knoxville Tennessee 37920 USA

Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a form of sexual dysfunction that is estimated to affect 〉 30% of men between the ages of 40 and 70. As a result of an improved understanding about the pathophysiology of ED and improved treatment options, an increasing number of men are presenting for evaluation than several decades ago. In fact, many of these men are visiting their health care professional for the first time with ED as their primary complaint. Most of these men are unaware of the link between ED and cardiovascular disease （CVD）.

关键词：性功能障碍心血管疾病男性勃起功能障碍病理生理医疗保健 CVD

Prospect Evaluation of Low-GWP Refrigerants R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)Used in Solar-Driven Ejector-Vapor Compression Hybrid Refrigeration System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第5期30卷 1572-1580页

作者： WANG Xuehui YAN Yuying WRIGHT edward HAO Xinyue GAO Neng Fluids and Thermal Engineering Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Ningbo Institute of Technology Zhejiang UniversityNingbo315100China Research Centre for Fluids and Thermal Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100China

In this paper,the entrainment ratio,pump work,heat loads of heat exchangers and COPthermal were theoretically evaluated for a solar-driven ejector-vapor compression hybrid refrigeration system with R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)as the working *** evaluation of the utilization potentials of R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)was presented by comparing the system performance with that of R245fa,a commonly used refrigerant in the ejector *** results indicated that the systems with R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)had a higher entrainment ratio and lower pump *** pump works when using R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)can be up to 14.59%and 38.05%lower than those of R245fa,***,the system showed the highest COPthermal utilizing R1233zd(E)followed by that of R245fa,with the R1336mzz(Z)system having the lowest *** differences between R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)systems,R1233zd(E)and R245fa systems were 4.33%and 2.0%,*** paper was expected to provide a good reference for the utilizing prospect of R1233zd(E)and R1336mzz(Z)in ejector refrigeration systems.

关键词： low GWP alternative refrigerants ejector R1233zd(E) R1336mzz(Z)

Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of gastric dysplasia and early cancer:Current evidence and what the future may hold

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第31期27卷 5126-5151页

作者： edward Young Hamish Philpott Rajvinder Singh Department of Gastroenterology Lyell McEwin HospitalElizabeth Vale 5112SAAustralia Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000SAAustralia

Gastric cancer accounts for a significant proportion of worldwide cancer-related morbidity and *** well documented precancerous cascade provides an opportunity for clinicians to detect and treat gastric cancers at an endoscopically curable *** high prevalence regions such as Japan and Korea,this has led to the implementation of population screening ***,guidelines remain ambiguous in lower prevalence *** recent years,there have been many advances in the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer and precancerous *** advanced endoscopic imaging has led to improved detection and characterization of gastric lesions as well as superior accuracy for delineation of margins prior to *** addition,promising early data on artificial intelligence in gastroscopy suggests a future role for this technology in maximizing the yield of advanced endoscopic *** on endoscopic resection(ER)are particularly robust in Japan and Korea,with high rates of curative ER and markedly reduced procedural ***,there is a shortage of data in other regions to support the applicability of protocols from these high prevalence *** advances in endoscopic therapeutics will likely lead to further expansion of the current indications for ER,as both technology and proceduralist expertise continue to grow.

关键词： Gastric cancer Endoscopy Endoscopic imaging Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection

Combinations of Estimation of Distribution Algorithms and Other Techniques

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第3期4卷 273-280页

作者： Qingfu Zhang Jianyong Sun edward Tsang Department of Computer Science University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchester CO4 3SQUK School of Computer Science University of BirminghamBirmingham B15 2TTUK

This paper summaries our recent work on combining estimation of distribution algorithms （EDA） and other techniques for solving hard search and optimization problems： a） guided mutation, an offspring generator in which the ideas from EDAs and genetic algorithms are combined together, we have shown that an evolutionary algorithm with guided mutation outperforms the best GA for the maximum clique problem, b） evolutionary algorithms refining a heuristic, we advocate a strategy for solving a hard optimization problem with complicated data structure, and c） combination of two different local search techniques and EDA for numerical global optimization problems, its basic idea is that not all the new generated points are needed to be improved by an expensive local search.

关键词： Estimation distribution algorithm guided mutation memetic algorithms global optimization.

Recycling of waste glass as aggregate in cement-based materials

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第4期4卷 39-46页

作者： edward Harrison Aydin Berenjian Mostafa Seifan School of Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringThe University of WaikatoHamiltonNew Zealand

Glass is a common material made from natural resources such as *** much of the waste glass is recycled to make new glass products,a large proportion is still being sent to *** is a useful resource that is non-biodegradable,occupying valuable landfill *** combat the waste glass that is heading to landfill,alternative recycling forms need to be *** construction industry is one of the largest CO_(2) emitters in the world,producing up to 8% of the global CO_(2) to produce *** use of sand largely depletes natural resources for the creation of mortars or *** review explores the possibilities of incorporating waste glass into cement-based *** was found waste glass is unsuitable as a raw material replacement to produce clinker and as a coarse aggregate,due to a liquid state being produced in the kiln and the smooth surface area,*** results were found when incorporating fine particles of glass in cement-based materials due to the favourable pozzolanic reaction which benefits the mechanical *** was found that 20% of cement can be replaced with waste glass of 20 mm without detrimental effects on the mechanical *** higher than 30% can cause negative impacts as insufficient amounts of CaCO_(3) remain to react with the silica from the glass,known as the dilution *** the fine aggregate replacement for waste glass increases over 20%,the mechanical properties decrease proportionally;however,up to 20% has similar results to traditionally mixes.

关键词： Waste glass Fine aggregate Sand replacement Pozzolanic reactivity Cement Recycling alternative

Azoospermia:vasal agenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第1期24卷 1-4页

作者： J Sam Fisher edward D Kim Department of Urology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37920USA

SPECIFIC GENETIC TESTS(CFTR AND INTRON 8 SPLICE VARIANT TESTING)AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens(CBAVD)and cystic fibrosis(CF)began as separate entities with an apparent clinical *** occurs in 1%–2%of men presenting with infertility at urological departments and has an incidence of 1:1000–1:2000 in Caucasian *** example of this anatomic variant is shown in Figure 1.

关键词： correlation. clinical Figure