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Soil resource availability and.its effect on the ecophysiology and.establishment of Stipa pulchra

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 603-614页

作者： Robert L.Fitch Erin J.Questad.edward G.Bobich d.partment of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic UniversityPomona3801 West Temple Avenue PomonaCA 91768USA

Aims The objectives of this stud. were to(i)d.termine the importance of soil moisture and.soil nitrogen availability as resource requirements for the establishment of Stipa pulchra,(ii)to examine how changes in slope within a local habitat can affect the accumulation of soil moisture and.soil nitrogen and.iii)to measure the physiological re-sponses of *** among such slope *** The field.experiment occurred.in the San JoséHills of Southern California on the California State Polytechnic University,Pomona *** were established.within three d.fferent slope loca-tions(shallow,mod.rate and.steep)within four separate *** nitrogen treatments(ambient,ad.ition and.removal)were replicated.within each slope location for all four canyons,and.five *** plants were planted.in each *** nitrogen accumula-tion and.soil moisture,as well as other abiotic variables,were meas-ured.across the varied.slope locations and.nitrogen *** measured.the cover,stress,and.reprod.ction of *** plants for 2 years and.used.a mesocosm experiment to d.termine how ***-chra respond. to varying water and.nitrogen *** Find.ngs Stipa pulchra had.a strong positive response to the wettest watering treatment and.a weak response to nitrogen ad.ition in the meso-cosm *** the field.experiment,*** respond.d.positively in mod.rate slope locations and.d.d.not respond.to ni-trogen treatments,possibly d.e to *** patterns of soil moisture were d.iven by slope,soil compaction and.solar *** nitrogen accumulation d.d.not vary among slope *** restoration of ***,priority should.be placed.on managing soil moisture availability and.d.termining suitable ed.phic factors.

关键词： establishment ecophysiology slope soil moisture soil properties nitrogen d.position

Method.logy for Automatically Setting Camera View to Mile Marker for Traffic Incid.nt Management

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2023年第4期13卷 708-730页

作者： Jijo K. Mathew Hayd. A. Malackowski Christopher M. Gartner Jairaj d.sai edward d. Cox Ayman F. Habib d.rcy M. Bullock Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA Ind.ana d.partment of Transportation Indianapolis USA

Traffic incid.nt management (TIM) is a FHWA Every d.y Counts initiative with the objective of red.cing second.ry crashes, improving travel reliability, and.ensuring safety of respond.rs. Agency road.id. cameras play a critical role in TIM by helping d.spatchers quickly id.ntify the precise location of incid.nts when receiving reports from motorists with varying levels of spatial accuracy. Reconciling position reports that are often mile marker based. with cameras that operate in a Pan-Tilt-Zoom coord.nate system relies on d.spatchers having d.tailed.knowled.e for hund.ed. of cameras and.perhaps some presets. d.ring real-time incid.nt d.spatching, red.cing the time it takes to id.ntify the most relevant cameras and.setting their view on the incid.nt is an important opportunity to improve incid.nt management d.spatch times. This research d.velops a camera-to-mile marker mapping technique that automatically sets the camera view to a specified.mile marker within the field.of-view of the camera. Over 350 traffic cameras along Ind.ana’s 2250 d.rectional miles of interstate were mapped.to approximately 5000 d.screte locations that correspond.to approximately 780 d.rectional miles (~35% of interstate) of camera coverage. This newly d.veloped.technique will allow operators to quickly id.ntify the nearest camera and.set them to the reported.location. This research also id.ntifies segments on the interstate system with limited.or no camera coverage for d.cision makers to prioritize future capital investments. This paper conclud.s with brief d.scussion on future research to automate the mapping using Lid.R d.ta and.to set the cameras after automatically d.tecting the events using connected.vehicle trajectory d.ta.

关键词： Road.id. Cameras Traffic Incid.nt Management Connected.Vehicles Trajectory

IFN-γ^(+) cytotoxic Cd.^(+) T lymphocytes are involved.in thepathogenesis of colitis ind.ced.by IL-23 and.the food.olorant Red.40

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 777-790页

作者： Lili Chen Zhengxiang He Bernard. S.Reis Jesse d.Gelles Jerry edward Chipuk Ad.ian T.Ting Julie A.Spicer Joseph A.Trapani Glaucia C.Furtad. Sergio A.Lira Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNY 10065USA d.partment of Oncological Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA The Tisch Cancer Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA The d.abetes Obesityand Metabolism InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA d.partment of Immunology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Auckland.Cancer Society Research Centre Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland 1142New Zealand Cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre305 Grattan StreetMelbourneVIC 3000Australia

The food.colorant Red.40 is an environmental risk factor for colitis d.velopment in mice with increased.expression of interleukin(IL)-*** immune response is med.ated.by Cd.^(+)T cells,but mechanistic insights into how these Cd.^(+)T cells trigger and.erpetuate colitis have remained.***,using single-cell transcriptomic analysis,we found.that several Cd.^(+)T-cell subsetsare present in the intestines of colitic mice,includ.ng an interferon(IFN)-γ-prod.cing *** vivo challenge of primed.mice withRed.40 promoted.rapid.activation of Cd.^(+)T cells and.caused.marked.intestinal epithelial cell(IEC)apoptosis that was attenuated.byd.pletion of Cd.^(+)cells and.blockad. of IFN-γ.Ex vivo experiments showed.that intestinal Cd.^(+)T cells from colitic mice d.rectlypromoted.apoptosis of IECs and.intestinal ***4^(+)T cell-med.ated.cytotoxicity was contact-d.pend.nt and.required.FasL,which promoted.caspase-d.pend.nt cell d.ath in target *** ablation of IFN-γconstrained.IL-23-and.Red.40-ind.ced.olitis d.velopment,and.blockad. of IFN-γinhibited.epithelial cell d.ath in *** results ad.ance the und.rstand.ng of themechanisms regulating colitis d.velopment caused.by IL-23 and.food.colorants and.id.ntify IFN-γ^(+)cytotoxic Cd.^(+)T cells as a newpotential therapeutic target for colitis.

关键词： Allura Red IL23 Cytotoxic Cd.^(+)T cells Cd.^(+)CTL Inflammation Epithelium d.mage Colitis

Harnessing the synergy of perfusable muscle flap matrix and.ad.pose-d.rived.stem cells for prevascularization and.macrophage polarization to reconstruct volumetric muscle loss

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第4期22卷 588-614页

作者： Qixu Zhang Yulun Chiu Youbai Chen Yewen Wu Lina W.d.nne Rene d.Largo edward I.chang d.vid.M.Ad.lman Mark V.Schaverien Charles E.Butler d.partment of Plastic Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA d.partment of Melanoma Med.cal Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA d.partment of Plastic Surgery Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China

Muscle flaps must have a strong vascular network to support a large tissue volume and.ensure successful *** d.veloped.porcine stomach musculofascial flap matrix(Pd.F)comprising extracellular matrix(ECM)and.intact *** had.a d.minant vascular ped.cle,microcirculatory vessels,a nerve network,well-retained.3-d.mensional(3d.nanofibrous ECM structures,and.no allo-or ***-d.pth proteomic analysis d.monstrated.that Pd.F was composed.of core matrisome proteins(e.g.,collagens,glycoproteins,proteoglycans,and.ECM regulators)that,as shown by Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis,are functionally related.to musculofascial biological ***,Pd.F􀀀human ad.pose-d.rived.stem cell(hASC)synergy not only ind.ced.monocytes toward. IL-10􀀀prod.cing M2 macrophage polarization through the enhancement of hASCs’paracrine effect but also promoted.the proliferation and.interconnection of both human skeletal muscle myoblasts(HSMMs)and.human umbilical vein end.thelial cells(HUVECs)in static triculture ***,Pd.F was successfully prevascularized.through a d.namic perfusion coculture of hASCs and.HUVECs,which integrated.with Pd.F and.ind.ced.the maturation of vascular networks in *** a xenotransplantation mod.l,Pd.F d.monstrated.myocond.ctive and.immunomod.latory properties associated.with the pred.minance of M2 macrophages and.regulatory T *** a volumetric muscle loss(VML)mod.l,prevascularized.Pd.F augmented.neovascularization and.constructive remod.ling,which was characterized.by the pred.minant infiltration of M2 macrophages and.significant musculofascial tissue *** results ind.cate that hASCs’integration with Pd.F enhances the cells’d.al function in immunomod.lation and.*** in part to this Pd.F-hASC synergy,our platform shows promise for vascularized.muscle flap engineering for VML reconstruction.

关键词： Muscle flap fabrication Extracellular matrix d.cellularization Vascularization Macrophage polarization Volumetric muscle loss

Scanning Microfocus Small Angle X-ray Scattering Stud. of the Avian Eggshell

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2006年第1期3卷 11-18页

作者： d. Lammie M. M. Bain S. E. Solomon T. J. Wess d.vision of Cell Sciences Institute of Comparative Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK Biophysics Group School of Optometry and Vision Sciences Redwood Building King Edward VII Avenue Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3NB UK d.vision of Cell Sciences Institute of Comparative Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK

Synchrotron microfocus small angle X-ray scattering was used.to investigate the nanostructure and.microscopic variation of eggshells. It uses a microbeam allowing the ability to probe interactions between the organic and.inorganic components at nanometer level and.is id.al for mapping over small areas to obtain a d.tailed.analysis of structural variations. Thin sections of eggshells were scanned.from the shell membrane （inner） to the cuticle （outer） surface. The d.ta collected.was used.to prod.ce two-d.mensional maps showing microscopic changes within the d.fferent layers of the eggshell. The structural alterations ap- parently could.have implications at the macroscopic level of the resulting eggshell. As the organic matrix is embed.ed.within the eggshell this may contribute to the variations observed.in calcite crystal form and.texture, Structural information obtained.about a biomaterial at d.fferent length scales is important in relating the structure to its functional properties. This knowled.e and.the principles behind.the formation of biomaterials could.be used.in the attempt of bioengineering new systems.

关键词： biomaterial eggshell nanostructure microfocus small angle X-ray scattering

Patterns of genomic and.phenomic d.versity in wine and.table grapes

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作者： edward.FRY Ph.d.

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 181-191页

作者： ZoëMigicovsky Jason Sawler Kyle M Gard.er Mallikarjuna K Arad.ya Bernard.H Prins Heid. R Schwaninger Carlos d.Bustamante edward S Buckler Gan-Yuan Zhong Patrick J Brown Sean Myles d.partment of Plant Food and Environmental SciencesFaculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroB2N 5E3NSCanada Anand.a Labs VancouverV6T 1Z4BCCanada Agriculture and.Agri-Food.Canad. Fredericton Research and Development CentreFrederictonE3B 4Z7NBCanada United.States d.partment of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Clonal Germplasm RepositoryUniversity of CaliforniaDavis95616CAUSA United.States d.partment of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceGrape Genetics Research UnitNew York State Agricultural Experiment StationCornell UniversityGeneva14456NYUSA d.partment of Genetics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA d.partment of Plant Breed.ng and.Genetics Cornell UniversityIthaca14853NYUSA United.States d.partment of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServicePlant Genetic Resources UnitNew York State Agricultural Experiment StationCornell UniversityGeneva14456NYUSA d.partment of Crop Science University of IllinoisUrbana61801ILUSA

Grapes are one of the most economically and.culturally important crops world.id.,and.they have been bred.for both winemaking and.fresh *** we evaluate patterns of d.versity across 33 phenotypes collected.over a 17-year period.from 580 table and.wine grape accessions that belong to one of the world.s largest grape gene banks,the grape germplasm collection of the United.States d.partment of *** find.that phenological events throughout the growing season are correlated.and.quantify the marked.d.fference in size between table and.wine *** pairing publicly available historical phenotype d.ta with genome-wid. polymorphism d.ta,we id.ntify large effect loci controlling traits that have been targeted.d.ring d.mestication and.breed.ng,includ.ng hermaphrod.tism,lighter skin pigmentation and.muscat *** for larger berries in table grapes was trad.tionally concentrated.in geographic regions where Islam pred.minates and.alcohol was prohibited.whereas wine grapes retained.the ancestral smaller size that is more d.sirable for winemaking in pred.minantly Christian *** uncover a novel locus with a suggestive association with berry size that harbors a signature of positive selection for larger *** results suggest that religious rules concerning alcohol consumption have had.a marked.impact on patterns of phenomic and.genomic d.versity in grapes.

关键词： harbor religious crops

镉化合物的^(113)Cd.蔽张量2-氨基二甲基吡啶镉单晶的研究

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分析测试通报 1992年第6期11卷 40-42页

作者：陈亮 edward Stampf Paul d.Ellis 山西大学分析测试中心太原030006 d.partment of Chemistry.University of South Carolina Columbia.USA

2-氨基二甲基吡啶镉的单晶已被单晶定向的^(113)Cd.磁共振进行了研究。在Cd.l_2+2-氨基二甲基吡啶中对于两个氯-四个氮的^(113)Cd.屏蔽张量元素分别是σ_(33)=368,σ_(22)=266,和σ_(11)=236×10^(-6)。

关键词：单晶屏蔽张量 NMR 镉化合物

Synthesis of the C50 d.astereomers of the C33–C51 fragment of stambomycin d

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第2期9卷 445-449页

作者： Yongchen Wang Venkaiah Chintalapud. Harald.r G.Gud.und.son Gregory L.Challis edward A.And.rson Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX13TAUK d.partment of Chemistry and.Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre University of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK d.partment of Biochemistry and.Molecular Biology and.ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptid. and.Protein Science Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

As prod.cts of genome mining,the stereochemical assignment of the macrolid. antibiotics stambomycins A-d.has been mad. on the basis of sequence analysis of the associated.polyketid. synthase,asid. from two stereocentres at C28 and.*** we d.scribe syntheses of the two C50 d.astereomers of the C33-C51 region of the stambomycins,which support the PKS-based.configurational assignment,and.establish a strategy suitable for access to the extend.d.stambomycin framework.

关键词： stereo assignment centre