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Estimation of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure in a Large Teaching Hospital in Ghana

Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2015年第12期5卷 233-241页

作者： ebenezer Owusu Darkwa Frank Boni Eugenia Lamptey Yaw Adu-Gyamfi Christian Owoo Robert Djagbletey Alfred Edwin Yawson Edmund Ayesu Daniel Akwanfo Yaw Sottie Department of Anaesthesia School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Community Health School of Public Health College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Statistics Kumasi Polytechnic Kumasi Ghana Department of Anaesthesia Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana

Background: Maintenance of optimal Endotracheal Tube cuff Pressure (ETTcP) in anaesthetic practice reduces cuff pressure complications. Aneroid manometers for measurement of ETTcP are not widely available in Ghana, hence anaesthesia providers estimate ETTcP according to their experience. The study assessed ETTcP obtained from estimation techniques between anaesthesia providers at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH). It also evaluated the Volume of Air Required (VAR) to obtain an acceptable cuff inflation pressure for sizes 7.0 and 8.0 mm adult endotracheal tubes used at the hospital, and the effect of patient’s age, weight and height on this volume. Methods: Eighty-one patients who underwent general anaesthesia were recruited. ETTcP was measured using an aneroid manometer via a three-way tap. After full cuff deflation, the cuff was refilled with air until an ETTcP of 20 cm H2O was obtained. Independent t-test was used to measure the statistical variations in the ETTcP using estimation techniques in relation to recommended levels as well as the significant difference of mean VAR to obtain a cuff pressure of 20 cm H2O. Grouped t-test was used to determine significant differences in ETTcP between anaesthesia providers using estimation techniques. Results: Mean ETTcP obtained from estimation techniques was (61.87, 73.79) cm H2O. The mean ETTcP measured for Physician and Nurse Anaesthetists were 65.36 cm H20 and 69.52 cm H2O respectively. The mean VAR to achieve an ETTcP of 20 cm H2O for endotracheal tube sizes 7.0 mm and 8.0 mm were 3.90 ± 1.13 mls and 4.55 ± 0.95 mls respectively. Age and weight significantly influenced the VAR to achieve a cuff pressure of 20 cm H2O, however, height did not. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that cuff pressures obtained by estimation techniques were generally higher than the recommended average with no significant difference between anaesthesia providers. However, in the absence of an aneroid manometer, ETTcP of tube sizes 7.0 mm and

关键词： Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure Physician Anaesthetist Nurse Anaesthetist Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital

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Elucidating the molecular targets of Curcuma longa for breast cancer treatment using network pharmacology,molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation

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Precision Medicine Research 2023年第2期5卷 16-31页

作者： Christopher Terseer Tarkaa Damilare Adebayo Oyaniyi Ridwan Abiodun Salaam Rachael Pius Ebuh Olusola Abayomi Akangbe Sayo ebenezer Oladokun Rodiat Omotola Sowemimo Oluwaponmile Florence Ajayi Cell Biology and Genetics Unit Department of ZoologyUniversity of IbadanIbadan 200005Nigeria Ecology and Environmental Biology Unit Department of ZoologyUniversity of IbadanIbadan 200005Nigeria

Background:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Curcuma longa(***)in breast cancer ***:Phytocompounds of *** were obtained from ***’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical *** active targets were retrieved from Bindingdb,SEA and Swiss Target Prediction *** cancer targets were retrieved from the Therapeutic Target *** Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were done using DAVID and KOBAS3.0 databases *** Cytoscape software was used to construct the phytocompound-target-pathway *** PyRx and Desmond software were utilized for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation ***:Out of one hundred and fifty-six phytocompounds,fifty-four modulated proteins involved in breast *** Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated *** exerts its therapeutic effect through regulating several key *** docking analysis revealed that most phytocompounds of *** had a good affinity with the key *** dynamics simulation showed that ethinylestradiol formed stable ligand-protein ***:The results of this study will enhance our understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms by which *** inhibits breast cancer and lay a foundation for future experimental studies.

关键词： Curcuma longa network pharmacology breast cancer mechanism molecular docking molecular dynamics simulation

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借助抽雄期长茎段育苗释放多年生饲草玉米茎节扩繁潜力

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草业学报 2020年第6期29卷 204-213页

作者：严旭吴子周李影正李晓锋何如钰杨春燕李杨周阳石建忠 ebenezer Kofi Sam 何建美荣廷昭唐祈林四川农业大学玉米研究所四川温江611130 四川省农业科学院牧业研究中心四川南充637000 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所四川南充637000 贵州省草业研究所贵州贵阳550006

多年生饲草玉米‘玉草6号’为分蘖多、生物量高、适口性好的C4丛生型高大禾草,仅能通过营养体无性繁殖。越冬返青幼苗(分株苗)和上年茎节成苗(茎节苗)是其潜在繁殖体,但其茎节苗的田间表现和茎节田间育苗潜能未知。田间建植分株苗和茎节... 详细信息

多年生饲草玉米‘玉草6号’为分蘖多、生物量高、适口性好的C4丛生型高大禾草,仅能通过营养体无性繁殖。越冬返青幼苗(分株苗)和上年茎节成苗(茎节苗)是其潜在繁殖体,但其茎节苗的田间表现和茎节田间育苗潜能未知。田间建植分株苗和茎节苗,调查繁殖体类型对植株形态和生物量的影响;田间播种茎节,调查茎节播期、位置和茎段大小对茎节育苗的影响。茎节苗建植成功率(97.5%)高于分株苗(87.5%),两种繁殖体类型均可安全越冬(越冬率100%)。建植当年,分蘖期茎节苗植株茎径显著高于分株苗;此外,茎节苗植株的株高、草长、茎径、基部周长和分蘖均有微弱优势,但繁殖体类型间无显著差异;生物量在繁殖体类型间也无显著差异。次年,植株形态、生物量在繁殖体类型间也无显著差异。茎叶比年际间无显著差异,茎径次年显著降低,其他形态和产量性状均显著高于建植第1年。茎节播期和位置对茎节成活率、扩繁系数和种苗大小有极显著影响,而茎段大小对上述育苗参数无显著影响。在各组合中,抽雄期中、下部长茎段育苗表现最佳。茎节繁殖能拓宽多年生饲草玉米的繁殖体类型,并能提高建植成功率且不影响饲草生产性能。采用抽雄期中、下部长茎段育苗是释放多年生饲草玉米茎节扩繁潜力的有效措施。

关键词：多年生饲草玉米田间表现茎节扩繁分株扩繁扩繁系数

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Acute Renal Failure in the Elderly in the Nephrology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Senegal: About 45 Cases

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第4期13卷 451-463页

作者： Arlette Géraldine Nguea Ndjame Ameth Dieng Vincent ebenezer Ngamby Mamadou Coume El Hadji Fary Ka Maria Fall Ahmed Tall Lemrabott Mouhamadou Moustapha Cisse Abdou Niang Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Central Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Health Sciences Training and Research Unit University of Thiès Thiès Senegal Regional Hospital of Thiès Thiès Senegal Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal National University Hospital of Fann Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Dalal Jamm National University Hospital of Guédiawaye Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The incidence of acute renal failure (ARF) increases with age. In Senegal, few studies have described the epidemiology of ARF in the elderly. The aim of our study is to establish the epidemiological profile of elderly patients with ARF, identify the causes of ARF in the elderly and assess treatment and prognosis. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study over a five-year period from 2011 to 2015 involving patients aged 60 and over, treated for ARI during the study period. Data entry and analysis were done on Epi info 7.3. Results: We included a total of 45 patients. The prevalence of ARF was 3.34%. The mean age was 70.31 years (60 - 83) and the sex ratio was 3.5. Phytotherapy was found in 68.9%, hypertension was found in 68.9%, and diabetes was found in 31.1%. Prostate hypertrophy was found in 53.4% of patients. Pre-renal ARF was the most common (46.6%). Most of the cases, 66.67%, were at Stage 3 of KDIGO. The most common etiologies were respectively tumor (35.5%) and infection (20%). The most common complications were respectively hyperkalemia (33.3%) and hyponatremia (33.3%). Recovery was complete in 62.6% of cases, partial in 37.8% of patients and 13.3% of patients ended up on chronic hemodialysis. Mortality was 4.4%. Conclusion: Herbal medicine, hypertension and diabetes are frequently associated with ARF in the elderly. This justifies increased monitoring of the elderly subject with these conditions in order to subject him to early and appropriate care.

关键词： Acute Renal Failure Elderly Epidemiology

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Surgical Science 2019年第3期10卷 106-112页

作者： Alexander Oti Acheampong Merley Newman-Nartey Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Jonathan Mensah Ama Amuasi Daniel Sabbah Jonathan Olesu Elijah ebenezer Asamoah Robert Nii Lamy Larmie Peter Donkor School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Ghana Accra Ghana KomfoAnokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Motorcycle related injuries have become a major public health problem because the increased use of motorcycles has been accompanied with a corresponding increase of road traffic accidents. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of oral and maxillofacial injuries associated with motorcycles as seen at the second largest Teaching Hospital in Ghana, the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Method and Materials: The compiled data that were reviewed for this retrospective study were obtained from the Accident and Emergency unit of KATH. These comprised 135 successive maxillofacial trauma patient records entered from August 2017 to August 2018. Results: Total number of road traffic related injuries seen at OMFS was 135 during the study period. Out of this number, 66 were related to motorcycle injuries. This represented 48.7% of the Road Traffic Accidents seen at oral and maxillofacial surgery department (OMFS). The age range was from 3 to 64 years. The average age was 26.7 years. 62 (93.9%) were males and 4 (6.1%) were females. 16 (24.2%) of the motorcycle injuries were caused by the “Okada”, 2 (3.0%) by “Pragia” and 48 (72.8%) by the “Aboboyaa”. 46 (69.7%) of the motorcycles victims were themselves the riders, 12 (18.2%) were pedestrians and 8 (12.1%) were passengers. There were 8 deaths. 6 (75.0%) of the deaths were caused by the “Aboboyaa”. “Okada” accounted for only 2 (15.0%) deaths. Concerning the riders and the passengers, only 8 (14.8%) of the victims were helmeted. The majority were unhelmeted (85.2%). Conclusion: Motorcycle transportation is the cause of many oral and maxillofacial injuries. Majority of the victims suffered multiple facial bone fractures. Males were more often affected than females and the majority were unhelmeted.

关键词： Motorcycle Oral Maxillofacial Injuries Kumasi

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Investigation of Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Bandgap Graphene by the Boltzmann Transport Equation

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2024年第1期14卷 10-20页

作者： Raymond Edziah Samuel S. Bentsiefi Kwadwo Dompreh Anthony Twum Emmanuel Kofi Amewode Patrick Mensah-Amoah ebenezer T. Tatchie Cynthia Jebuni-Adanu Samuel Y. Mensah Department of Physics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Physics Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

We study the acoustomagnetoelectric (AME) effect in two-dimensional graphene with an energy bandgap using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation within the hypersound regime, (where represents the acoustic wavenumber and is the mean free path of the electron). The Boltzmann transport equation and other relevant equations were solved analytically to obtain an expression for the AME current density, consisting of longitudinal and Hall components. Our numerical results indicate that both components of the AME current densities display oscillatory behaviour. Furthermore, geometric resonances and Weiss oscillations were each defined using the relationship between the current density and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) frequency and the inverse of the applied magnetic field, respectively. Our results show that the AME current density of bandgap graphene, which can be controlled to suit a particular electronic device application, is smaller than that of (gapless) graphene and is therefore, more suited for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Acoustomagnetoelctric Effect Surface Acoustic Wave Gapless Graphene Weiss Oscillations

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Informed Consent under the Ghana Health Service Patients Charter: Practice and Awareness

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第4期4卷 63-67页

作者： Alexander Acheampong Oti Ernest Owusu-Dapaah Chris Adomako-Kwaakye Daniel Kwesi Sabbah Solomon Obiri-Yeboah Ama Amuasi Adu Tutu Amankwa ebenezer Adjei-Bediako Eva Adu-Boakye Dental School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Faculty of Law Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Family Medicine Directorate Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his/her own body. Patient autonomy and the practice of informed patient consent are now pivotal in medical practice. Aim: To assess patient’s knowledge of Patients’ Rights Charter and whether patients receive adequate information to enable them make an informed consent to a particular treatment. Methodology: Patients who were undergoing elective surgery from selected surgical departments of Komfo Anokye teaching hospital in Kumasi were randomly selected and assisted to answer structured questionnaire without the knowledge of their doctors. The study period was in June to December (2014). Descriptive analysis was done using SPSS (II) of the results. Results: 84.7% (144) had no idea about the Patients’ Rights Charter of the Ghana Health Service. 75% (128) did not know or had not heard of informed patient consent. Of those who knew of the charter, 85% (37) had ever stayed in a developed country. 60% (102) did not know of their diagnosis. 79% (134) said the doctor only asked them to either sign or thumb print the consent document without giving them treatment options or possible complications. Conclusion: Most of respondents undergoing various surgical procedures at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital were not aware of the existence of the Patients’ Rights Charter of the Ghana Health Service. Again, practitioners did not provide sufficient information to patients for them to make an informed decision about their health.

关键词： Informed Consent Patient Charter Autonomy

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Development of a Novel Oven-Furnace

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 62-73页

作者： Olaniyi Gladius Babatunde Rufus Sola Fayose Ayodele Abeeb Daniyan Theresa Chikwuo Ezenwafor ebenezer Olubanji Oniya Nathaniel O. Ajayi Kunle Michael Oluwasegun Akintoye Oni Adedeji Akintunde Ajenifuja Arinola Gift Akinseloyin Adelana Razak Adetunji Samuel Oloruntoba Olugbenga Olusunle Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba Akoko Nigeria Engineering Materials Development Institute Akure Nigeria Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

This research work is focused on the design and fabrication of Novel Oven-Furnace, using locally sourced materials for the purpose of carrying out drying and thermochemical treatments in accordance to the International Electric Equipment (IEE) regulations. Working drawings were produced, and mild steel sheet was used for the construction of the casing, while other materials for the construction were selected based on functions and properties of the materials, cost considerations and ease of fabrication into component parts. The design closely revealed the parameters and features of the furnace, but the control system was designed to function systematically as Oven and Furnace. Testing was carried out to evaluate the performance of the Oven-Furnace. From the result obtained, it was observed that the Oven-Furnace has fast heating rate which is comparable to rates of conventional brands of furnaces purchased from Germany or Canada. Unlike the ordinary furnaces, this equipment was designed to operate systematically to maintain constant temperature at any set temperature value. The lower cost of design of the Oven-Furnace coupled with its good heat retaining capacity, long estimated life time, uniform heating rate, controlled atmosphere, safety and ease of maintenance justifies the usage.

关键词： Design Oven-Furnace Constant Temperature Drying Thermochemical Treatment Systematic Function Control System

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饲草玉米不同生育期的产量、品质和青贮利用研究

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草业学报 2019年第7期28卷 82-91页

作者：李影正严旭吴子周杨春燕李晓锋何如钰张萍 ebenezer Kofi Sam 周阳张磊荣廷昭何建美唐祈林四川农业大学玉米研究所四川温江611130 四川省农业科学院牧业研究中心四川南充637000 贵州省草业研究所贵州贵阳550006

对墨西哥大刍草、玉草3号和玉草6号3种不同类型饲草玉米在孕穗期、抽雄期和吐丝期的产量、青贮品质及其营养价值进行了分析。结果表明:品种和生育期对鲜、干草产量有显著影响,而二者之间的交互作用对鲜、干草产量影响不显著;3个品种鲜... 详细信息

对墨西哥大刍草、玉草3号和玉草6号3种不同类型饲草玉米在孕穗期、抽雄期和吐丝期的产量、青贮品质及其营养价值进行了分析。结果表明:品种和生育期对鲜、干草产量有显著影响,而二者之间的交互作用对鲜、干草产量影响不显著;3个品种鲜、干草产量均在吐丝期最高,其中,玉草6号鲜、干草产量极显著高于玉草3号和墨西哥大刍草。从抽雄期及以后,所有饲草玉米干物质(DM)含量均达20%以上,符合青贮对水分的要求。粗蛋白(CP)含量从孕穗期到吐丝期逐渐降低,变幅为8.19%DM^12.80%DM;各时期CP含量均以玉草6号最高,玉草3号和墨西哥大刍草CP含量差异较小。可溶性糖(WSC)含量在孕穗期最高,纤维含量随生育期延长均呈上升趋势。青贮发酵品质在不同生育期差异显著,孕穗期pH值为3.69,乳酸(LA)含量为7.00%DM,发酵品质最优。品种主效应分析表明,玉草6号发酵品质最好,玉草3号和墨西哥大刍草差异不显著。综合分析品种和生育期对青贮发酵品质和营养成分的影响,玉草6号在孕穗期青贮,相对饲用价值达103.28,发酵品质和营养价值最好;玉草3号和墨西哥大刍草在抽雄期青贮发酵品质和营养价值最佳。

关键词：饲草玉米生育期青贮品质营养价值

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Targeted community based interventions improved malaria management competencies in rural Ghana

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Global Health Research and Policy 2017年第1期2卷 64-73页

作者： Isabella A.Quakyi George O.Adjei David J.Sullivan Jr Judith K.Stephens Amos Laar Vivian N.Ama Aubyn Richmond Owusu Kwame S.Sakyi Nathaniel Coleman Francis D.Krampa Linda Vanotoo Julliette Tuakli Bernard B.Bortei Edward Essuman Felix Sorvor Isaac A.Boateng Constance Bart-Plange ebenezer A.Addison Peter Winch Andrew A.Adjei Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health SciencesSchool of Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana Office of Research Innovation and DevelopmentUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Population Familyand Reproductive HealthSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana National Malaria Control Programme Ministry of HealthAccraGhana Department of Health Policy Planning and ManagementSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Department of International Health Social and Behavioural Interventions ProgramJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Regional Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesAccraGhana Child and Associates AccraGhana Asante-Akim Central Municipal Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesKonongoGhana Kpone Katamanso District Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesKponeTemaGhana Worldwide Universities Network University of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana

Background:Malaria is one of the most challenging public health concerns in the developing *** address its impact in endemic regions,several interventions are implemented by *** Affordable Medicine Facility-malaria(AMFm)is an example of such *** activities include communication interventions to enhance the knowledge of caregivers of children under five years,licensed chemical sellers(LCS)and prescribers on malaria management with artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT).This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the AMFm activities on malaria among targeted groups in two rural communities in ***:A communication intervention study was conducted in the Asante-Akim North and South Districts of *** cross-sectional pre and post surveys were *** malaria messages were designed and used to develop the information,education and communication(IEC)tools for the *** the aid of posters and flipcharts developed by our study,community health workers(CHWs),prescribers,and licenced chemical sellers provided proper counselling to clients on malaria *** CHWs and community based volunteers educated caregivers of children under five years on malaria management at their homes and at public gatherings such as churches,mosques,***-square tests and logistic regression were run to determine associations and control for demographic differences ***:There was significantly high exposure to malaria/ACT interventions in the intervention district than in the comparison district(OR=16.02;95%CI=7.88–32.55)and same for malaria/ACT-related knowledge(OR=3.63;95%CI=2.52–5.23).The participants in the intervention district were also more knowledgeable about correct administration of dispersible drug for children<5 years than their counterparts in the unexposed ***:Our data show that targeted interventions improve malaria based competences in rural commun

关键词： malaria district gathering

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