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Plant cytochrome P450 plasticity and evolution

Molecular Plant 2021年第10期14卷 1244-1265页

作者： Cecilie Cetti Hansen David R.nelson birger Lindberg Moller Daniele Werck-Reichhart Plant biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant and Environ mental ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhage nDenmark VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Microbiology Immunology and BiochemistryUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Institute of Plant Molecular biology Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance

The superfamily of cytochrome P450(CYP)enzymes plays key roles in plant evolution and metabolic *** review provides a status on the CYP Iandscape within green algae and land *** 11 conserved CYP clans known from vascular plants are all present in green algae and several green algaespecific clans are *** 71,72,and 85 remain the largest CYP clans and include many taxaspecific CYP(sub)families reflecting emergence of linage-specific *** features and dynamics of CYP plasticity and evolution are discussed and exemplified by selected biosynthetic *** substrate promiscuity is commonly observed for CYPs from large families,favoring retention of gene duplicates and neofunctionalization,thus seeding acquisition of new *** of biosynthetic pathways producing metabolites with sporadic distribution across plant phylogeny reveals multiple exampies of convergent evolution where CYPs have been independently recruited from the same or different CYP families,to adapt to similar environmental challenges or ecological *** only a single or a few mutations are required for functional interconversion.A compilation of functionally characterized plant CYPs is provided online through the Plant P450 Database(***/public/vgrid/PlantP450/).

关键词： land plants green algae diversificati on promiscuity neofunctionalization convergent evolution functionalities plant metabolism

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Mercury photoreduction and photooxidation in lakes：Effects of filtration and dissolved organic carbon concentration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 151-159页

作者： nelson J.O’Driscoll Emma Vost Erin Mann Sara Klapstein Robert Tordon Matthew Lukeman Department of Earth & Environmental Science Acadia University Wolfville B4P 2R6 Nova Scotia Canada Environment Canada Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada Department of Chemistry Acadia University Wolfville B4P 2R6 Nova Scotia Canada

Mercury is a globally distributed, environmental contaminant. Quantifying the retention and loss of mercury is integral for predicting mercury-sensitive ecosystems. There is little information on how dissolved organic carbon（DOC） concentrations and particulates affect mercury photoreaction kinetics in freshwater lakes. To address this knowledge gap,samples were collected from ten lakes in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia（DOC： 2.6–15.4 mg/L）. Filtered（0.2 μm） and unfiltered samples were analysed for gross photoreduction, gross photooxidation, and net reduction rates of mercury using pseudo first-order curves. Unfiltered samples had higher concentrations（p = 0.04） of photoreducible divalent mercury（Hg（II）RED）（mean of 754 ± 253 pg/L） than filtered samples（mean of 482 ± 206 pg/L）;however, gross photoreduction and photooxidation rate constants were not significantly different in filtered or unfiltered samples in early summer. DOC was not significantly related to gross photoreduction rate constants in filtered（R2= 0.43; p = 0.08） and unfiltered（R2= 0.02; p = 0.71） samples; DOC was also not significantly related to gross photooxidation rate constants in filtered or unfiltered samples. However, DOC was significantly negatively related with Hg（Ⅱ）RED in unfiltered（R2= 0.53; p = 0.04）, but not in filtered samples（R2= 0.04;p = 0.60）. These trends indicate that DOC is a factor in determining dissolved mercury photoreduction rates and particles partially control available Hg（Ⅱ）RED in lake water. This research also demonstrates that within these lakes gross photoreduction and photooxidation processes are close to being in balance. Changes to catchment inputs of particulate matter and DOC may alter mercury retention in these lakes and could partially explain observed increases of mercury accumulation in biota.

关键词： Mercury Photoreduction Photooxidation Dissolved organic carbon(DOC) Particulates Kejimkujik National Park

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The Role of Prophylactic Antibiotic Use in Prevention of Endophthalmitis Following Intravitreal Injection of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents: A Meta-Analysis

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2013年第2期3卷 46-49页

作者： Sonia b. Dhoot Nancy Kunjukunju nelson Sabates Department of Ophthalmology University of Missouri Kansas City USA.

Purpose: To determine the role of prophylactic antibiotic use in preventing endophthalmitis following intravitreal injections of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents (anti-VEGF).Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted for studies reporting the rates of endophthalmitis following injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents for a variety of disorders. Inclusion criteria included reporting how many patients were given post-injection antibiotic drops, and how many patients were diagnosed with endophthalmitis (both with and without antibiotic drops). Results: The reported rate of endophthalmitis following intravitreal anti-VEGF agents has varied significantly based on the study, with a range between 0.009% to 0.87%. In our meta-analysis, the rate of endophthalmitis in patients receiving post-injection antibiotics was found to be 0.081%, compared to 0.072% for patients who did not receive antibiotics. This difference was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Although the rate of endophthalmitis is extremely low following intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, the controversy regarding the best prevention of this dreaded complication continues. According to our meta-analysis, the answer does not seem to lie in post-injection antibiotic use.

关键词： Endophthalmitis Intravitreal Injections Anti-VEGF

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Hadron resonances as rovibrational states

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第8期45卷 99-104页

作者： douglas L.bernardo Cristiano C.bastos Antonio C.Pavao Departamento de Quimica Fundamental Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife50740-540Brazil Departamento de Quimica Universidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecife52171-900Brazil

A rovibrational model,including anharmonic,centrifugal,and Coriolis corrections,is used to calculate π,K,N,and ∑ orbital and radial *** four orbital excitations of the n meson correspond to the/?(1235),ti2(1670),63(2030),and π4(2250)*** first four radial excitations correspond to the π(1300),π(1800),π(2070),and 7t(2360)*** orbital excitations of the K meson are interpreted as the K_(1)(1270),K_(2)(1770),K_(3)(2320),and K_(4)(2500)resonances;its radial excitations correspond to the K(1460)and K(1830)*** N orbital excitations are identified with the N(1520),N(1680),N(2190),N(2220),and N(2600)*** first four radial excitations of the N family correspond to the N(1440),N(1880),N(2100),and N(2300)*** orbital excitations of the ∑ baryon are associated with the ∑(1670),∑(1915),∑(2100),and ∑(2250)resonances,whereas its radial excitations are identified with the ∑(1660),∑(1770),and ∑(1880)*** proposed rovibrational model calculations show a good agreement with the corresponding experimental values and allow for the prediction of hadron resonances,thereby proving to be useful for the interpretation of excited hadron spectra.

关键词： excited hadron spectrum orbital and radial resonances rovibrational states

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全球经济中的公平工资、失业与技术变化

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经济资料译丛 2010年第4期 50-65页

作者： Udo Kreickemeier douglas nelson 廖佳（译）不详复旦大学经济学院 200433 江西财经大学

本文分析了在一个一体化的两国世界模型中(欧洲和美国),全球与本国技术变化对就业及相对工资的影响。两国均由于公平工资的约束而维持了均衡的失业率,其不同点在于各自对于工资不平均程度的偏好不同,欧洲更偏好于平均主义。在此基础上,... 详细信息

本文分析了在一个一体化的两国世界模型中(欧洲和美国),全球与本国技术变化对就业及相对工资的影响。两国均由于公平工资的约束而维持了均衡的失业率,其不同点在于各自对于工资不平均程度的偏好不同,欧洲更偏好于平均主义。在此基础上,我们考察了该两国世界与第三国(南半球低收入国)之间的一体化。我们从虚拟一体化均衡(Virtual Integrated Equilibrium)这一分析工具着手,将Dixit和Norman的一体化均衡分析方法应用到一个两国都存在内生失业的情形。

关键词：公平工资失业虚拟一体化均衡要素价格均等化

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Underestimation of phosphorus fraction change in the supernatant after phosphorus adsorption onto iron oxides and iron oxide–natural organic matter complexes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 197-205页

作者： Jinlong Yan Tao Jiang Ying Yao Jun Wang Yuanli Cai nelson W.Green Shiqiang Wei Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environrnent College of Resources and Environment Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest University Chongcling 400716 China Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umea SE-90183 Sweden School of Materials Science & Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Mianyang Normal University Mianyang 621000 China School of Chemical and biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta CA 30332 USA

The phosphorus（P） fraction distribution and formation mechanism in the supernatant after P adsorption onto iron oxides and iron oxide-humic acid（HA） complexes were analyzed using the ultrafiltration method in this *** an initial P concentration of 20 mg/L（I =0.01 mol/L and pH = 7）,it was shown that the colloid（1 kDa-0.45 μm） component of P accounted for 10.6%,11.6%,6.5%,and 4.0%of remaining total P concentration in the supernatant after P adsorption onto ferrihydrite（FH）,goethite（GE）,ferrihydrite-humic acid complex（FH-HA）,goethite-humic acid complex（GE-HA）,*** 〈1 kDa component of P was still the predominant fraction in the supernatant,and underestimated colloidal P accounted for 2.2%,55.1%,45.5%,and 38.7%of P adsorption onto the solid surface of FH,FH-HA,GE and GE-HA,***,the colloid P could not be ***,it could be interpreted that Fe3＋ hydrolysis from the adsorbents followed by the formation of colloidal hydrous ferric oxide aggregates was the main mechanism for the formation of the colloid P in the *** colloidal adsorbent particles co-existing in the supernatant were another important reason for ***,dissolve organic matter dissolved from iron oxide-HA complexes could occupy large adsorption sites of colloidal iron causing less colloid P in the ***,we believe that the findings can provide a new way to deeply interpret the geochemical cycling of P,even when considering other contaminants such as organic pollutants,heavy metal ions,and arsenate at the sediment/soil-water interface in the real environment.

关键词： Phosphorus Fraction Ultrafiltration Natural organic matter Iron-DOM Iron oxide-humic acid complexes

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An exploration of the relationship between wastewater viral signals and COVID-19 hospitalizations in Ottawa,Canada

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 617-631页

作者： K.Ken Peng Elizabeth M.Renouf Charmaine b.Dean X.Joan Hu Robert Delatolla douglas G.Manuel Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Simon Fraser University8888 University DrBurnabyV5A 1S6BCCanada Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterlooN2L 3G1ONCanada Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 1053 Carling AveOttawaK1Y 4E9ONCanada Department of Family Medicine University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada

Monitoring of viral signal in wastewater is considered a useful tool for monitoring the burden of COVID-19,especially during times of limited availability in *** have shown that COVID-19 hospitalizations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals and the increases in wastewater viral signals can provide an early warning for increasing hospital *** association is likely nonlinear and *** project employs a distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)(Gasparrini et al.,2010)to study the nonlinear exposure-response delayed association of the COVID-19 hospitalizations and SARS-CoV-2 wastewater viral signals using relevant data from Ottawa,*** consider up to a 15-day time lag from the average of SARS-CoV N1 and N2 gene concen-trations to COVID-19 *** expected reduction in hospitalization is adjusted for vaccination efforts.A correlation analysis of the data verifies that COVID-19 hospital-izations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals with a time-varying *** DLNM based analysis yields a reasonable estimate of COVID-19 hospitalizations and enhances our understanding of the association of COVID-19 hospi-talizations with wastewater viral signals.

关键词： Wastewater surveillance COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness Distributed lag nonlinear model Time varying correlation

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Nonformal environmental education:a case study with farmers in a town of the South Minas Gerais state,brazil

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2015年第4期13卷 324-331页

作者： Mirlaine R.Freitas Stella V.b.G.Matias Renato L.G.Macedo Matheus P.Freitas nelson Venturin Department of Forest Science Federal University of Lavras Department of Chemistry Federal University of Lavras

brazil is a central place in the international agricultural markets and this fact has been demanding environmentally oriented agricultural practices by brazilian farmers and professionals involved in the agricultural market chain.A concise and structured questionnaire was applied to obtain the environmental perception of a group of brazilian farmers in a town of the south Minas Gerais state,using herbicides as the topic for a case study.A highly variable opinion about taking the environment into account when choosing the most appropriate herbicide was ***,efficacy has been indicated as the most important factor when choosing an herbicide,followed by the environment and *** outcomes from the questionnaires,*** insufficient conception and importance given to environment when choosing the herbicide,motivated the creation of a teaching-learning model for the nonformal environmental education using the concept of socio-ecological *** routine puts in practice the resilience thinking currently invoked as a major tool to achieve the conservation of the socio-ecological system,as well as it is complimentary to the outcome-oriented optimization for conservation *** the case study about farmers and the use of herbicides,we conclude that a complex reasoning and,ultimately,pro-environmental actions can be improved after experiencing the recommended model for environmental education.

关键词： environmental perception farmers herbicides resilience thinking socio-ecological system

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Indole methylation protects diketopiperazine configuration in the maremycin biosynthetic pathway

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Science China Chemistry 2016年第9期59卷 1224-1228页

作者： Yingxia Lan Yi Zou Tingting Huang Xiaozheng Wang nelson L. brock Zixin Deng Shuangjun Lin State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism:Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic & Developmental Sciences School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China

The maremycin biosynthetic gene cluster has been identified in Streptomyces sp. b9173. Comparative metabolic profiling with knockout mutant strains led to the identification of new products correlated to the maremycin biosynthesis, in particular the ＂demethyl＂-maremycins with an unexpected D-tryptophan unit. A biosynthetic pathway for the maremycins is proposed and plausible reasoning for tryptopban epimerization in the demethylmaremycin biosynthesis is also provided.

关键词： biosynthesis maremycin N-methylation methyltransferase epimerization

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Review of the initial treatment and avoidance of scald injuries

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World Journal of Dermatology 2017年第2期6卷 17-26页

作者： Ryan T bourdon brittany b nelson-Cheeseman John P Abraham Emergency Department Regions Hospital School of Engineering University of St.Thomas

Scald injuries,which describe burns to living tissue from hot liquids,are a very common injury that occur across geographical,social,economic,and national *** their ubiquitous nature,a complete understanding of the conditions which are required to cause scald burns is not yet *** addition,clear guidance to medical practitioners is available through various guidelines however in actual situations,the extent of the burn is not fully known and this lack of knowledge complicates ***,a comprehensive review is made of the available knowledge of temperatures and scald durations which lead to skin-burn *** range of volumes and liquid temperatures are typical of those found in heated consumer *** review can help medical practitioners design initial treatment protocols and can be used by manufacturers of hot-liquid products to avoid the most severe ***,within the context of this ability to quantify burn depths,a review of current burn treatment guidelines is *** in this review is a visual recognition of the extent of burns into the dermal layer as well as decision guidelines for selection of patients which would benefit from referral to a dedicated burn *** is hoped that by bringing together both the quantified burn-depth information and current treatment guidelines,this review can be used as a resource for persons in the medical,manufacturing,beverage service,and other industries to reduce the human impact of scald injuries.

关键词： Scald injury Skin burns biological heating Hot beverages burn depth

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