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Gut-brain axis in traumatic brain injury: impact on neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1007-1008页

作者： marta Celorrio Stuart H.Friess Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsWashington University in St.Louis School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Perspective

The gastrointestinal track is inhabited by tens of trillions of microorganisms. The gut microbiota is involved in gut motility, nutrient absorption and synthesis of metabolites that influence hmeostasis, metabolism and immunefunction. Given the influence gut microbiota has on health, there is a growing body of literature describing the gut microbiota's impact on brain and behavior.

关键词： metabolism inflammation stasis

Adapt or perish:SARS-CoV-2 antibody escape variants defined by deletions in the Spike N-terminal Domain

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第5期6卷 1416-1417页

作者： marta Ribes Carlos Chaccour Gemma Moncunill ISGlobal Hospital Clínic-Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Ifakara Health Institute IfakaraUnited Republic of Tanzania Facultad de Medicina Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain

In a recent report in Science,McCarthy et *** observed a pattern of recurrent deletions in four discrete regions of the N-terminal Domain(NTD)of the Spike protein,which provide resistance to antibody neutralization,su... 详细信息

关键词： al. prompt Domain

The effect of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on Fusarium poae transmission and fungal community in stored barley in a laboratory experiment

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 65-73页

作者： Jan Hubert marta Nesvorna Jan Kopecky Crop Research Institute Praha 6 Czech Repubfic

The effect of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on Fusarium poae transmission and fungal community composition was studied in nonsterile barley grain. The experiments included following treatments： control barley without mites; barley containing l0 or 50 mites without preincubation on E poae （Tpl0 and TpS0）; barley containing 10 or 50 mites after preincubation on E poae （FTp 10 and FTp50）. The number of mites, suc cessful transfer of E poae, and changes in the fungal communities were examined after 21 d of experiment. Increase of deoxynivalenol （DON） content in the barley was chosen as a criterion of successful Epoae transfer. The preincubation of T. putrescentiae on Epoae increased DON level approximately to 800 and 300μg/kg of grain for FTpl0 and FTpS0, respectively. T. putrescentiae population growth in FTpl0 was lower than in Tpl0, while no difference was found between FTp50 and Tp50. Fungal communities were compared by amplification, cloning and sequencing of ITS fragments, and operational taxonomic units （OTU） analysis. The OTU analysis did not support the transfer ofF. poae via mites. From the analyzed clones, only 13 cloned sequences clustered with E poae in an OTU defined at distance level 0.07. The related clones originated from FTpl0, Tpl 0, Tp50 and control treatments, but not from FTp50. However, the presence of E poae in FTp50 was confirmed by PCR amplification with specific primers. The observation may be explained by different effect of mite population density, that is, in the high density, （FTp50 treatment） the fungus was overgrazed, while the lower population density （FTp 10） supported E poae transfer.

关键词： barley deoxinivalenol (DON) Fusariumpoae mites mycotoxin storage

N-acetyl-L-leucine: a promising treatment option for traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1957-1958页

作者： Chinmoy Sarkar marta M.Lipinski Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterDepartment of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a mechanical injury to the brain,which can be sustained due to falls,accidents,contact sports or in combat *** is a serious health problem-affecting people of all ages *** per the recent epidemiological study,more than 55 million people suffer from TBI annually(GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators,2019),and its prevalence has increased by almost 8.4%between 1990 and 2016(GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators,2019).Depending on severity,TBI can lead to premature death and disability.

关键词： sustained Traumatic injury

Microglia-oligodendrocyte intercellular communication: role of extracellular vesicle lipids in functional signalling

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1194-1195页

作者： Alice Gualerzi marta Lombardi Claudia Verderio IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi MilanItaly CNR Institute of Neuroscience MilanItaly

The term microglia refers to the group of resident brain immune-cells that are responsible,mainly,for the immune response and the homeostasis of the *** monocyte-derived macrophages that infiltrate the brain,microglia are longlived cells which arise exclusively from the embryonic yolk sac(Stratoulias et al.,2019).Impairment in microglia functions is at the basis for the development of multiple brain diseases,including multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative *** the last decade,the number of research articles and reviews dealing with the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of brain disorders has exponentially increased.

关键词： al. homeostasis diseases

Development and screening of(Ca-P-Si-F)-PEO coatings for biodegradability control of Mg-Zn-Ca alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第8期10卷 2220-2237页

作者： Lara Moreno marta Mohedano Raul Arrabal Endzhe Matykina Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain

PEO coatings were developed on MgZnxCayalloys for biomedical applications using different treatment times and a novel transparent electrolyte containing Ca,P,Si and *** characteristics and chemical composition of studied materials were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and optical *** investigations were performed for uncoated and coated materials using potentiodynamic polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and hydrogen evolution measurements in three media(0.9wt.%NaCl,α-MEM and inorganic part ofα-MEM).Findings revealed that Zn-rich intermetallics favour the formation of large voids in the ***,P,F and Si are successfully incorporated into the *** consist of crystalline phases(Mg O,Mg F_(2)and Ca,Si-rich compounds)and amorphous *** and organic components ofα-MEM solution accelerate corrosion of the bare substrates but have no significant influence on the corrosion resistance of coated ***,inorganicα-MEM can be considered as an appropriate medium for fast screening of PEO *** relatively small amount of F content in the barrier layer facilitates early failure of the coatings,which show undercoating ***-rich intermetallic particles in the undercoating crevice induce a more aggressive corrosive environment and enhanced micro-galvanic couple effect with the Mg *** leads to faster degradation of the coated alloys compared to the bare substrates.

关键词： Magnesium Biomaterials Plasma electrolytic oxidation Corrosion

The contribution of astrocytes to obesity-associated metabolic disturbances

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2022年第5期36卷 299-311页

作者： marta Obara-Michlewska Department of Neurotoxicology Mossakowski Medical Research InstitutePolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 02-106Poland

Obesity is a worldwide health,economic and social concern,despite efforts made to counteract the spreading wave of eating and nourishment-associated *** review aims to show how the glial cells,astrocytes,contribute to the central regulation of appetite and energy *** hypothalamus is the brain center responsible for nutrients and nutritional hormone sensing,signal processing,and execution of metabolic and behavioral responses,directed at sustaining energy *** astrocytes are endowed with receptors,transporters and enzymatic machinery responsible for glucose,lactate,fatty acids,ketone bodies,as well as leptin or ghrelin transport and metabolism,and that render them supporters and partners for neurons in governing the brain and body energy intake and ***,the role of astrocytes associated with brain energy metabolism reaches far beyond simple fuel contingent-they contribute to cognitive *** cognitive decline which often accompanies high fat-and/or high-calorie diets and correlates with neuroinflammation and astrogliosis,is a major *** last two decades of research enabled us to acknowledge the astroglia in obesity-associated dysfunctions and to investigate astrocytes as contributors to the pathology,as well as targets for therapy.

关键词： astrocytes astrocytosis hypothalamic inflammation obesity brain energy metabolism

Germ-free, carefree: injured skin uses IL-24 to kick-start repair independent of pathogen-recognition

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5129-5131页

作者： Ruben A.Ferrer marta Torregrossa Sandra Franz Department of Dermatology Allergology and VenerologyUniversity LeipzigLeipzigGermany

Skin injury releases damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs)represented by tissue-components and intracellular contents as well as changes in the levels of certain molecules and metabolites that signal the“non-homeostatic”state of the *** addition,microorganisms entering a wound release molecules,which are sensed as“non-self”(pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMPs).Together,DAMPs and PAMPs initiate a complex and coordinated repair process aimed at restoring *** exciting work from Liu et *** of an additional novel mechanism by which a“non-homeostatic”state in murine cutaneous wounds elicits a response through IL-24 to mediate repair(Fig.1).

关键词： wound homeostasis release

Multiple factors correlating with wing malformations in the population of Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) restituted from a low number of individuals: A mini review

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 380-387页

作者： Karolina Pierzynowska marta Skowron Volponi Grzegorz Wegrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland

The Apollo butterfly, Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus), was common in Europe over 100 years ago, but currently it is considered as near threatened. Different conservation programs have promoted the persistence of this species;however, it is still endangered. An example of such programs was the action devoted to reestablish the Apollo butterfly population in Pieniny National Park (Poland) from only 20-30 individuals which had survived till the last decade of the 20th century. This reintroduction has been successful;however, unexpected developmental problems appeared. Butterflies with deformed or reduced wings became frequent in the population living in the natural habitat, and particularly among those reared under seminatural conditions (in the same environment, but fenced by a net). Until recently, reasons for these malformations remained unknown. However, reports published during last months indicated that there are genetic, biochemical, and microbiological factors contributing to this phenomenon. In the malformed individuals, lesions in the wingless gene and dysfunctions of laccase 1 and 2 were found to be significantly more frequent than in normal insects. A large fraction of butterflies with deformed or reduced wings was devoid of the prokaryotic symbiont Wolbachia, which was present in most normal individuals. Moreover, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Pfeiffer) Smith and Thai, and Serratia sp., bacteria pathogenic to insects, were detected in the biological material from both normal and malformed butterflies from this population. These findings are summarized and discussed in this review, in the light of conservation of insects and restitution of their populations from a low number of individuals.

关键词： Apollo butterfly laccases malformed wings population reconstitution wingless gene Wolbachia