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Experimental nerve transfer model in the neonatal rat

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1088-1095页

作者： Matthias E.Sporer Martin Aman Konstantin D.Bergmeister dieter Depisch Katharina M.Scheuba Ewald Unger bruno K.Podesser Oskar C.Aszmann Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Biomedical Research Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity Hospital of St.PoeltenKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesSt.PoeltenAustria Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria

Clinically,peripheral nerve reconstructions in neonates are most frequently applied in brachial plexus birth *** surgical concepts,however,have investigated nerve reconstructions in adult animal *** immature neuromuscular system reacts differently to the effects of nerve lesion and surgery and is poorly investigated due to the lack of reliable experimental ***,we describe an experimental forelimb model in the neonatal rat,to study these effects on both the peripheral and central nervous *** 24 hours after birth,three groups were prepared:In the nerve transfer group,a lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve was reconstructed by selectively transferring the ulnar *** the negative control group,the musculocutaneous nerve was divided and not reconstructed and in the positive control group,a sham surgery was *** animal's ability to adapt to nerve lesions and progressive improvement over time were depict by the Bertelli test,which observes the development of *** weeks postoperatively,animals were fully matured and the nerve transfer successfully reinnervated their target muscles,which was indicated by muscle force,muscle weight,and cross sectional area *** the contrary,no spontaneous regeneration was found in the negative control *** the positive control group,reference values were *** labeling indicated that the motoneuron pool of the ulnar nerve was reduced following nerve *** to this post-axotomy motoneuron death,a diminished amount of motoneurons reinnervated the biceps muscle in the nerve transfer group,when compared to the native motoneuron pool of the musculocutaneous *** findings indicate that the immature neuromuscular system behaves profoundly different than similar lesions in adult rats and explains reduced muscle ***,pathophysiologic adaptations are *** maturing neuromuscular system,however,utilizes neonatal capacity of regener

关键词： brachial plexus birth injury experimental rat model extremity reconstruction methodological paper neonatal rat nerve reconstruction nerve regeneration nerve transfer neural plasticity peripheral nerve surgery

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Celiac disease:Prevalence,diagnosis,pathogenesis and treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第42期18卷 6036-6059页

作者： Naiyana Gujral Hugh J Freeman Alan br Thomson Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2E1Canada Department of Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 2B5Canada Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 5A5Canada

Celiac disease(CD) is one of the most common diseases,resulting from both environmental(gluten) and genetic factors [human leukocyte antigen(HLA) and nonHLA genes].The prevalence of CD has been estimated to approximate 0.5%-1% in different parts of the ***,the population with diabetes,autoimmune disorder or relatives of CD individuals have even higher risk for the development of CD,at least in part,because of shared HLA *** gains access to the basal surface of the epithelium,and interact directly with the immune system,via both trans-and para-cellular *** a diagnostic perspective,symptoms may be viewed as either "typical" or "atypical".In both positive serological screening results suggestive of CD,should lead to small bowel biopsy followed by a favourable clinical and serological response to the gluten-free diet(GFD) to confirm the *** anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody or antiendomysial antibody during the clinical course helps to confirm the diagnosis of CD because of their over 99% specificities when small bowel villous atrophy is present on ***,the only treatment available for CD individuals is a strict life-long GFD.A greater understanding of the pathogenesis of CD allows alternative future CD treatments to hydrolyse toxic gliadin peptide,prevent toxic gliadin peptide absorption,blockage of selective deamidation of specific glutamine residues by tissue,restore immune tolerance towards gluten,modulation of immune response to dietary gliadin,and restoration of intestinal architecture.

关键词：诊断麸质治疗发病机理发病率过敏症转谷氨酰胺酶 HLA基因

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Morphological,kinetic,membrane biochemical and genetic aspects of intestinal enteroplasticity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第7期15卷 774-787页

作者： Laurie A Drozdowski M Tom Clandinin Alan br Thomson Medical Affairs Mead Johnson Nutritionals Department of Agriculture Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Alberta Division of Internal Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of Alberta

The process of intestinal adaptation("enteroplasticity") is complex and *** a number of trophic nutrients and non-nutritive factors have been identified in animal studies,successful,reproducible clinical trials in humans are *** mechanisms underlying this adaptive process may direct research toward strategies that maximize intestinal function and impart a true clinical benefit to patients with short bowel syndrome,or to persons in whom nutrient absorption needs to be *** this review,we consider the morphological,kinetic and membrane biochemical aspects of enteroplasticity,focus on the importance of nutritional factors,provide an overview of the many hormones that may alter the adaptive process,and consider some of the possible molecular *** most of the data is derived from rodent studies,wherever possible,the results of human studies of intestinal enteroplasticity are provided.

关键词：动力学形态学肠道生化遗传营养因素短肠综合征啮齿类动物

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Systematic review of mini-implant displacement under orthodontic loading

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第1期6卷 1-6页

作者： Manuel Nienkemper Jrg Handschel dieter Drescher Department of Orthodontics Heinrich-Heine-University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Heinrich-Heine-University

A growing number of studies have reported that mini-implants do not remain in exactly the same position during treatment, although they remain stable. The aim of this review was to collect data regarding primary displacement immediately straight after loading and secondary displacement over time. A systematic review was performed to investigate primary and secondary displacement. The amount and type of displacement were recorded. A total of 27 studies were included. Sixteen in vitro studies or studies using finite element analysis addressed primary displacement, and nine clinical studies and two animal studies addressed secondary displacement. Significant primary displacement was detected （6.4-24.4 μm） for relevant orthodontic forces （0.5-2.5 N）. The mean secondary displacement ranged from 0 to 2.7 mm for entire mini-implants, The maximum values for each clinical study ranged from 1.0 to 4.1 mm for the head, 1.0 to 1.5 for the body and 1,0 to 1.92 mm for the tail part. The most frequent type of movement was controlled tipping or bodily movement. Primary displacement did not reach a clinically significant level. However, clinicians can expect relevant secondary displacement in the direction of force. Consequently, decentralized insertion within the inter-radicular space, away from force direction, might be favourable. More evidence is needed to provide quantitative recommendations.

关键词： displacement migration mini-implant miniscrew orthodontics skeletal anchorage

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Use of the tumor necrosis factor-blockers for Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第35期18卷 4823-4854页

作者： Alan br Thomson Milli Gupta Hugh J Freeman Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Medicine University of Alberta Department of Medicine University of British Columbia

The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-therapy for inflammatory bowel disease represents the most important advance in the care of these patients since the publication of the National Co-operative Crohn's disease study thirty years *** recommendations of numerous consensus groups worldwide are now supported by a wealth of clinical trials and several *** general,it is suggested that tumor necrosis factor-blockers(TNFBs) are indicated(1) for persons with moderately-severe Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis(UC) who have failed two or more causes of glucocorticosteroids and an acceptably long cause(8 wk to 12 wk) of an immune modulator such as azathioprine or methotrexate;(2) non-responsive perianal disease;and(3) severe UC not responding to a 3-d to 5-d course of *** TNFBs have been introduced and the patient is responsive,therapy given by the IV and SC rate must be *** remains open to definitive evidence if concomitant immune modulators are required with TNFB maintenance therapy,and when or if TNFB may be weaned and *** supportive evidence from a single study on the role of early versus later introduction of TNFB in the course of a patient's illness needs to be *** risk/benefit profile of TNFB appears to be acceptable as long as the patient is immunized and tested for tuberculosis and viral hepatitis before the initiation of TNFB,and as long as the long-term adverse effects on the development of lymphoma and other tumors do not prone to be *** the rates of benefits to TNFB are modest from a population perspective and the cost of therapy is very high,the ultimate application of use of TNFBs will likely be established by cost/benefit studies.

关键词：肿瘤坏死因子受体阻滞剂溃疡性结肠炎免疫调节剂成本效益糖皮质激素病毒性肝炎临床试验

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Measurements of a 2-Stage Axial Turbine with Shrouded Rotor Cavities

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第4期13卷 310-314页

作者： dieter E. BOHN Franz KREITMEIER Michael SELL Institute of Steam and Gas Turbines Technical University of Aachen GermanyALSTOM Power CH-5401 Baden SwitzerlandALSTOM Power CH-5401 Baden Switzerland

This paper presents preliminary measurements of a 2-stage axial turbine with shrouded rotor cavities. The research facility and measurement techniques are reported. The flow field at both inlet and outlet was measured using 5-hole probes as well as temperature probes. The measurement results indicate that the inlet flow field is periodical in the tangential direction due to the influence of the first-stator leading-edge. The horse-shoe vortexes cause substantial flow blockage and turbulence near the endwall. Unsteady measurements of the rotor radial tip clearance show that one of the second-rotor blades has a little bigger clearance than the others.

关键词： axial turbine shrouded rotor measurement.

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Tuning thermal release kinetics of soy oil from organic nanoparticles using variable synthesis conditions

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Particuology 2016年第3期14卷 54-65页

作者： Pieter Samyn dieter Van Nieuwkerke Vibhore Rastogi Dirk Stanssens University of Freiburg Freiburg Research Institute for Advances Studies (FRIAS) Faculty for Environment and Natural Resources Chair of Bio-based Materials Engineering Werthmannstrasse 6 D-79085 Freiburg Germany Ghent University Department of Textiles Technologiepark 907 B-9052 Zwijnaarde Belgium Topehim N.K Nijverheidsstraat 98 B-2160 Wommelgem Belgium

The thermal release properties of soy oil from poly（styrene-co-maleimide） nanoparticles containing 50 wt% encapsulated oil have been quantified as a function of temperature and time. The effects of dif- ferent synthesis conditions on the thermal stability of the nanoparticles and their oil release have been evaluated, i.e., by gradually increasing the amount of ammonium hydroxide used for the imidization of poly（styrene-co-maleic anhydride）. First, the intrinsic thermal properties of the oil-filled nanoparti- cles were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry, which revealed an exothermal reaction related to the oil release and a suppression of the glass transition that may be masked owing to the complex structure of the hybrid nanoparticles. The isothermal scans showed different rates of oil release after a post-imidization reaction. The oil release was better followed by dynamic mechanical analysis, which illustrated changes in visco-elastic properties expressed by the maximum in the loss factor that related to the amount of released oil. Depending on the amount of ammonium hydroxide, the oil started to release below the glass transition temperature at various rates. Thermal release profiles of the oil we re quantified by infrared and Raman spectrocopy after heating for 2 min to 6 h at 125 to 250 ℃, based on variations in oil-related and imide-related absorption bands. The oil release increased below and above the glass transition temperature, following a parabolic trend, and progressively decreased at higher ammonium hydroxide concentrations, in parallel with higher imide content and changes in imide conformation. The kinetics and mechanism of the oil release can be described by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, suggesting a dominating diffusion mechanism that is influenced by further imidization of the polymer matrix during heating.

关键词： Soy oil Nanoparticle Encapsulation Release

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Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for data communication and sensing

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Photonics Research 2019年第2期7卷 121-136页

作者： ANJIN LIU PHILIP WOLF JAMES A.LOTT dieter BIMBERG Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Solid State Physics and Center of Nanophotonics Technische Universitat Berlin Bimberg Chinese-German Center for Green Photonics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at CIOMP

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) are the ideal optical sources for data communication and *** data communication, large data rates combined with excellent energy efficiency and temperature stability have been achieved based on advanced device design and modulation formats. VCSELs are also promising sources for photonic integrated circuits due to their small footprint and low power consumption. Also, VCSELs are commonly used for a wide variety of applications in the consumer electronics market. These applications range from laser mice to three-dimensional(3 D) sensing and imaging, including various 3 D movement detections, such as gesture recognition or face recognition. Novel VCSEL types will include metastructures, exhibiting additional unique properties, of largest importance for next-generation data communication, sensing, and photonic integrated circuits.

关键词： Vertical-cavity surface-emitting communication

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An Approximate Riemann Solver for Advection-Diffusion Based on the Generalized Riemann Problem

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2020年第3期2卷 515-539页

作者： Steven Jöns Claus-dieter Munz Institute of Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics University of StuttgartPfafenwaldring 2170569 StuttgartGermany

We construct an approximate Riemann solver for scalar advection-diffusion equations with piecewise polynomial initial *** objective is to handle advection and diffusion simultaneously to reduce the inherent numerical diffusion produced by the usual advection flux *** approximate solution is based on the weak formulation of the Riemann problem and is solved within a space-time discontinuous Galerkin approach with two *** novel generalized Riemann solver produces piecewise polynomial solutions of the Riemann *** conjunction with a recovery polynomial,the Riemann solver is then applied to define the numerical flux within a finite volume *** results for a piecewise linear and a piecewise parabolic approximation are *** results indicate a reduction in numerical dissipation compared with the conventional separated flux calculation of advection and ***,it is shown that using the proposed solver only in the vicinity of discontinuities gives way to an accurate and efficient finite volume scheme.

关键词： Generalized Riemann problem Advection-diffusion Discontinuous Galerkin Numerical flux ADER Diffusive generalized Riemann problem Space-time solution Recovery method

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MESANGIAL IgA GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN HONG KONG A CLINICAL REVIEW

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1986年第11期99卷 908-909页

作者： MK Chan S Kwan ck Yeunk PY CHau University of Hong Kong Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong

Mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis accounts for 12% of all primary glomerulonephritis diagnosed from renal biopsies performed at Queen Mary Hospital. The clinical features of 106 patients with biopsy proven mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis seen at the renal clinic of the Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, were reviewed. There were 55 males and 51 females aged from 12 to 65 years with a mean of 28 years. Six groups of presenting features were recognized. Although the commonest was asymptomatic proteinuria and/or microscopic

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