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Integrative Zoology 2019年第3期14卷 306-317页

作者： Datian LANG burton KLIM Yun GAO Xiaoping WANG Agronomy and Life Science Department Zhaotong UniversityZhaotongChina Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of ScienceKunmingChina School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina State Key Laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource in Yunnan Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Diversity and Evolution of High Education in Yunnan Province Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina.

Ribonuclease 6(RNase6 or RNase K6)is a protein that belongs to a superfamily thought to be the sole vertebrate-specific enzyme known for a wide range of physiological functions,including digestion,cytotoxicity,angiogenesis,male reproduction and host *** our study,51 functional genes and 11 pseudogenes were identified from 27 Rodentia ***,in the 3 main lineages of rodents there were multiple RNase6s identified in all species of ctenohystrica,whereas only a single RNase6 was observed in other Rodentia species examined except for 2 species in the mouse-related *** evolutionary scenario of“birth(gene duplication)and death(gene deactivation)”and gene sorting have been demonstrated in *** addition,bursts of positive selection,diversification of isoelectric point and positive net charge have been identified in ctenohystrica,especially at two key sites that are involved in antimicrobial *** Trp30 has undergone positive selection and Ile45 has changed into other residues in Group B and Group c of the *** results demonstrated a complex and intriguing evolutionary pattern of rodent RNase6,and indicated that functional modification may have occurred,which establishes an important theoretical foundation for future functional assays in rodent RNase6.

关键词： gene duplication gene sorting pancreatic ribonuclease 6(RNase6) positive selection Rodentia

Bats and their vital ecosystem services:a global review

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 2-23页

作者： Leidy Azucena RAMÍREZ-FRÁNcEL Leidy Viviana GARcÍA-HERRERA Sergio LOSADA-PRADO Gladys REINOSO-FLÓREZ Alfonso SÁNcHEZ-HERNÁNDEZ Sergio ESTRADA-VILLEGAS burton KLIM Giovany GUEVARA Programa de Doctorado en ciencias Biológicas&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Programa para la conservación de los Murciélagos de colombia BogotáD.C.Colombia Departamento de Biología&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Yale School of the Environment Yale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaRepublic of Panama Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada

Bats play crucial ecosystem services as seed dispersers,pollinators,controllers of insects,and nutrient ***,there has not been a thorough global review evaluating these roles in bats across all biogeographical regions of the *** reviewed the literature published during the last two decades and identified 283 relevant studies:78 dealt with the control of potential insect pests by bats,80 related to the suppression of other arthropods,60 on the dispersal of native or endemic seeds,11 dealt with the dispersal of seeds of introduced plants,29 on the pollination of native or endemic plants,1 study on pollination of introduced plants,and 24 on the use of guano as *** literature search showed that queries combining the terms“seed dispersal,”“insectivorous bats,”“nectarivorous bats,”“use of guano,”and“ecosystem services”returned 577 studies,but half were experimental in *** found that the evaluation of ecosystem services by bats has been mostly conducted in the Neotropical and Palearctic *** detect differences across relevant studies,and to explain trends in the study of ecosystem services provided by bats,we performed generalized linear mixed models(GLMM)fitted with a Poisson distribution to analyze potential differences among sampling *** identified 409 bat species that provide ecosystem services,752 insect species consumed by bats and 549 plant species either dispersed or pollinated by *** review summarizes the importance of conserving bat populations and the ecological services they provide,which is especially important during the current pandemic.

关键词： chiroptera ecosystem services frugivory,guano,insectivory nectarivory pest control pollination seed dispersal

High-throughput quantification of microbial birth and death dynamics using fluorescence microscopy

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in china 2019年第1期7卷 69-81页

作者： Samuel F. M. Hart David Skelding Adam J. Waite Justin c. burton Wenying Shou Fred Hutchinson cancer Research center SeattleWA 98109USA

Background: Microbes live in dynamic environments where nutrient concentrations fluctuate. Quantifying fitness in terms of birth rate and death rate in a wide range of environments is critical for understanding microbial evolution and ecology. Methods^ Here, using high-throughput time-lapse microscopy, we have quantified how Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants incapable of synthesizing an essential metabolite (auxotrophs) grow or die in various concentrations of the required metabolite. We establish that cells normally expressing fluorescent proteins lose fluorescence upon death and that the total fluorescence in an imaging frame is proportional to the number of live cells even when cells form multiple layers. We validate our microscopy approach of measuring birth and death rates using flow cytometry, cell counting, and chemostat culturing. Results: For lysine-requiring cells, very low concentrations of lysine are not detectably consumed and do not support cell birth, but delay the onset of death phase and reduce the death rate compared to no lysine. In contrast, in low hypoxanthine, hypoxanthine-requiring cells can produce new cells, yet also die faster than in the absence of hypoxanthine. For both strains, birth rates under various metabolite concentrations are better described by the sigmoidal-shaped Moser model than the well-known Monod model, while death rates can vary with metabolite concentration and time. conclusions: Our work reveals how time-lapse microscopy can be used to discover non-intuitive microbial birth and death dynamics and to quantify growth rates in many environments.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae fluorescence microscopy microbial growth birth rate death rate

Adjustment of Forest Ecosystem Root Respiration as Temperature Warms

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1467-1483页

作者： Andrew J.burton Jerry M.Melillo Serita D.Frey Ecosystem Science center Michigan Technological University School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological University The Ecosystems center Marine Biological Laboratory Department of Natural Resources University of New Hampshire

Adjustment of ecosystem root respiration to warmer climatic conditions can alter the autotrophic portion of soil respiration and influence the amount of carbon available for biomass production. We examined 44 published values of annual forest root respiration and found an increase in ecosystem root respiration with increasing mean annual temperature （MAT）, but the rate of this cross-ecosystem increase （Q10 = 1.6） is less than published values for short-term responses of root respiration to temperature within ecosystems （Q10 = 2-3）. When specific root respiration rates and root biomass values were examined, there was a clear trend for decreasing root metabolic capacity （respiration rate at a standard temperature） with increasing MAT. There also were tradeoffs between root metabolic capacity and root system biomass, such that there were no instances of high growing season respiration rates and high root biomass occurring together. We also examined specific root respiration rates at three soil warming experiments at Harvard Forest, USA, and found decreases in metabolic capacity for roots from the heated plots. This decline could be due to either physiological acclimation or to the effects of co-occurring drier soils on the measurement date. Regardless of the cause, these findings clearly suggest that modeling efforts that allow root respiration to increase exponentially with temperature, with Q10 values of 2 or more, may over-predict root contributions to ecosystem cO2 efflux for future climates and underestimate the amount of c available for other uses, including net primary productivity.

关键词： acclimation climatic warming root biomass root respiration soil warming.

The interaction of versican with its binding partners

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cell Research 2005年第7期15卷 483-494页

作者： David P. LA PIERRE,Albert J. YEE,burton B. YANG Sunnybrook & Women’s college Health Sciences centre 2075 Bayview Avenue Toronto M4N 3M5 canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto canada Sunnybrook & Women’s college Health Sciences centre 2075 Bayview Avenue Toronto M4N 3M5 canada Sunnybrook & Women’s college Health Sciences centre 2075 Bayview Avenue Toronto M4N 3M5 canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto canada

Versican belongs to the family of the large aggregating chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans located primarily within theextracellular matrix (EcM). Versican, like other members of its family, has unique N- and c-terminal globular regions,each with multiple motifs. A large glycosaminoglycan-binding region lies between them. This review will begin byoutlining these structures, in the context of EcM proteoglycans. The diverse binding partners afforded to versican byvirtue of its modular design will then be examined. These include EcM components, such as hyaluronan, type Icollagen, tenascin-R, fibulin-1, and -2, fibrillin-1, fibronectin, P- and L-selectins, and chemokines. Versican also binds tothe cell surface proteins cD44, integrin β1, epidermal growth factor receptor, and P-selectin glycoprotein *** multiple interactors play important roles in cell behaviour, and the roles of versican in modulating such processesare discussed.

关键词： extracellular matrix proteoglycan G3 domain glycosaminoglycan interaction.

LOW FREQUENcY DISPERSION cHARAcTERISTIcS OF ELEcTRONIc MATERIALS

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LOW FREQUENCY DISPERSION CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRONIC MATER...

International conference on Electronic components and Materials

作者： Larry c.burton Departments of Electrical and Materials Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute ＆ State University Blacksburg VA 24061 U.S.A.

＜正＞Low frequency（f＜10kHz） electrical measurements can be very useful in the modelling of a variety of electronic materials and *** are described,and models discussed,for GaAs Schottky barrier diodes,multilayer c...

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发达国家畜禽废物处理技术与立法

农业工程学报 1995年第3期11卷 108-113页

作者：潘学峰傅泽田 c.H.burton 北京农业工程大学英国西尔索研究院

源于集约化畜禽养殖场的大量粪便及废水导致的环境污染问题越来越受到人们的关注,发达国家十分重视畜禽废物的处理技术研究及控制由其引起污染的立法工作。该文在分析畜禽废物管理系统的构成、约束及目标基础上,对发达国家近年来处理技... 详细信息

源于集约化畜禽养殖场的大量粪便及废水导致的环境污染问题越来越受到人们的关注,发达国家十分重视畜禽废物的处理技术研究及控制由其引起污染的立法工作。该文在分析畜禽废物管理系统的构成、约束及目标基础上,对发达国家近年来处理技术的发展进行综述,包括还田利用、好氧与厌氧生物处理、存贮、收集与运输、提取新产品及优化模型与决策支持系统等方面,最后对有关畜禽废物管理方面的法规做了介绍。

关键词：畜禽场粪便处理立法环境污染畜禽

Neonatal opioid exposure:public health crisis and novel neuroinflammatory disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 430-432页

作者： Vikram Vasan Yuma Kitase Jessie c.Newville Shenandoah Robinson Gwendolyn Gerner V.Joanna burton Lauren L.Jantzie Department of Pediatrics Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDDepartment of NeurologyKennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreMDDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMDepartment of NeurosciencesUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Substance use,specifically the use of prescription and non-prescription opioids among pregnant women,is a major public health issue and chief contributor to the opioid *** prevalence of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome has risen 5-fold in the past decade,and is a well-recognized consequence of perinatal opioid *** contrast,the long-term damage to the developing brain from opioid medications is just beginning to be recognized as a serious *** data suggest that opioid exposure commencing in utero negatively affects the maturation of the neural-immune system,and trajectory of central nervous system *** induces peripheral immune hyper-reactivity,lasting structural and microstructural brain injury,and significant deficits in executive function and cognitive control in adult animals following in utero ***,to address the cascading public health crisis stemming from the multitude of infants with in utero opioid exposure who will grow up with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories,rigorous preclinical,mechanistic studies are *** studies will define the long-term sequelae of prenatal opioid exposure in an effort to develop appropriate and targeted ***,the development of novel fluid,neuroimaging and biobehavioral biomarkers will be the most useful to aid in early identification and treatment of opioid exposed infants with the greatest risk of poor clinical *** studies will be essential to understand how in utero insults determine brain structure and function in adulthood,and what targeted interventions will be required to improve longterm outcomes in the countless children being born exposed to opioids each year.

关键词： biomarker buprenorphine cognition executive function magnetic resonance imaging methadone neonate

L-4F明显改善脂蛋白氧化张力下的血管舒张功能

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中华心血管病杂志 2004年第10期32卷 911-914页

作者：区景松欧志君 deron W.Jones Kirkwood A.Pritchard Jr 广州医学院第一附属医院广州呼吸疾病研究所心胸外科广州医学院第一附属医院心内科 Pediatric Surgery Cardiovascular CenterMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226United States

目的　　探讨L 4F(一种载脂蛋白A 1类似物 )能否改善脂蛋白氧化张力下内皮依赖的血管舒张功能。方法　实验分三部分 ,均采用小鼠的颈内动脉作乙酰胆碱诱导下的内皮依赖血管舒张功能试验。第一部分采用c5 7BL6小鼠 ,分 2组 :对照组用PBS... 详细信息

目的　　探讨L 4F(一种载脂蛋白A 1类似物 )能否改善脂蛋白氧化张力下内皮依赖的血管舒张功能。方法　实验分三部分 ,均采用小鼠的颈内动脉作乙酰胆碱诱导下的内皮依赖血管舒张功能试验。第一部分采用c5 7BL6小鼠 ,分 2组 :对照组用PBS液 1L/L、L 4F组用L 4F 10mg/L预处理血管 30min。第二部分采用c5 7BL6小鼠 ,分 3组 ,对照组用RPMI 16 4 0培养液 10 0ml/L、低密度脂蛋白 (lowdensitylipoprotein ,LDL)组用LDL 10 0mg/L、LDL +L 4F组用LDL 10 0mg/L +L 4F 1mg/L预处理血管 30min。第三部分分 3组 ,对照组采用c5 7BL6小鼠 ,不作处理 ,高胆固醇血症组和L 4F组均采用低密度脂蛋白受体缺乏小鼠 ,用高脂、高胆固醇喂养 4周 ,其中高胆固醇血症组同时用生理盐水 10ml·kg-1·d-1腹膜腔内注射 (L 4F组用L 4F 1mg·kg-1·d-1)。结果　 (1)L 4F本身对内皮依赖的血管舒张功能没有影响 ;(2 )L 4F可以部分改善低密度脂蛋白对内皮依赖的血管舒张功能的抑制 ;(3)L 4F可以明显改善高胆固醇血症对内皮依赖的血管舒张功能的损害 ,达到与对照组的血管舒张功能无区别。结论　L 4F可明显改善脂蛋白氧化张力下内皮依赖的血管舒张功能。

关键词：血管舒张功能内皮依赖对照组小鼠高胆固醇血症载脂蛋白A LDL BL 腹膜腔类似物