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Yield of testing for micronutrient deficiencies associated with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in a clinical setting: An observational study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第36期9卷 11320-11329页

作者： Mustafa Jalal Jennifer Anne Campbell Solomon Tesfaye Ahmed Al-Mukhtar Andrew derek Hopper Academic Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Infection Immunology and Cardiovascular diseaseUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Academic Unit of Diabetes and Endocrinology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

bACKGROUND Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be difficult to diagnose and causes maldigestion symptoms and *** has been a number of studies that have identified PEI associated micronutrient deficiencies(PEI-MD),however there is variation in both the frequency and type of PEI-MD reported,with the majority of studies including patients with PEI due to chronic pancreatitis(CP)or CP without *** is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence of PEIMD in patients with PEI without CP and the yield of testing for PEI-MD in a clinical setting in patients with suspected benign pancreatic *** To prospectively assess the yield and type of PEI–MD in patients with and without PEI secondary to benign pancreatic *** Patients investigated for maldigestion symptoms with Faecal Elastase-1(FEL-1)and suspected or proven benign pancreatic disease were prospectively *** the time of FEL-1 testing,serum samples were taken for micronutrients identified by previous studies as PEI-MD:prealbumin,retinol binding protein,copper,zinc,selenium,magnesium and later in the study lipid adjusted vitamin ***-1 was recorded,with a resultbdominal pain radiating to back with or without previous acute pancreatitis attacks)or weight *** After exclusions,112 patients were recruited that underwent testing for FEL-1 and *** was identified in 41/112(36.6%)patients and a pancreatic CT was performed in 82 *** a PEI-MD was identified in 21/112(18.8%)*** yield of PEI-MD was 17/41(41.5%)if PEI was present which was significantly higher than those without 4/71(5.6%)(P=0.0001).The yield of PEI–MD was significantly higher when PEI and CP were seen together 13/22(59.1%)compared to CP without PEI and PEI without CP(P<0.03).In

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Chronic pancreatitis Micronutrient Malnutrition Malabsorption Nutritional markers

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Kinematic calibration of a class of parallel kinematic machines(PKM) with fewer than six degrees of freedom

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2003年第5期46卷 515-526页

作者：黄田唐国宝李思维李亚 G.derek Chetwynd J.David Whitehouse School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China School of Engineering The University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK

by taking a 3-DOF translational milling machine as an example, this paper investigates the kinematic calibration of PKM systems with fewer than 6-DOF. The error mapping function is formulated in such a way that the geometric errors affecting the compensatable and uncompensatable pose errors can be separated. based upon the previous investigation, a hierarchical approach to the geometric error identification is proposed. The compensation strategy is developed which is particularly suitable for the PKM systems with translational moving capability. The experiment has been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the results show that the accuracy can be significantly improved.

关键词： parallel kinematic machines, kinematic calibration, degrees of freedom.

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Prophylactic PEG placement in head and neck cancer:How many feeding tubes are unused (and unnecessary)?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第8期17卷 1004-1008页

作者： Mohammad F Madhoun Matt M blankenship derek M blankenship Greg A Krempl William M Tierney Section of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Department of biostatistics Institute for Health Care Research and ImprovementBaylor Health care System Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

AIM:To determine the rate of use and non-use of prophylactic percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG) tubes among patients with head and neck cancer(HNC) ***:All patients with HNC undergoing PEG between January 01,2004 and June 30,2006 were ***(or their next-of-kin) were surveyed by phone and all available medical records and cancer registry data were *** PEG was def ined as placement in the absence of dysphagia and prior to radiation or *** patient with a prophylactic PEG was assessed for cancer diagnosis,type of therapy,PEG use,and complications related to ***:One hundred and three patients had PEG tubes placed for *** four patients(33%) could not be contacted for *** the 23(22.3%) patients with prophylactic PEG tubes,11/23(47.8%) either never used the PEG or used it for less than 2 *** association with PEG use vs non-use was observed for cancer diagnosis,stage,or specific cancer ***-use or limited use was observed in 3/6(50%) treated with radiation alone vs 8/17(47.1%) treated with chemoradiation(P = 1.0),and 3 of 10(30%) treated with surgery vs 8 of 13(62%) not treated with surgery(P = 0.21).Minor complications were reported in 5/23(21.7%).One(4.3%) major complication was ***:There is a high rate of unnecessary PEG placement when done prophylactically in patients with head and neck cancer.

关键词： Head and neck cancer Percutaneous gastrostomy tube Prophylactic

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benoxacor is enantioselectively metabolized by microsomes and cytosol from the human liver

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Emerging Contaminants 2023年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： derek Simonsen Jacob Heffelfinger David M.Cwiertny Hans-Joachim Lehmler Department of Occupational and Environmental Health The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States IIHR Hydroscience and Engineering The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination The University of IowaIowa CityIA52242United States

benoxacor is a safener added to current-use herbicide formulations to protect the target crop from herbicidal *** is an emerging environmental contaminant that has been detected in surface waters,raising the possibility of human exposure via drinking *** it is not subject to the same regulations as active pesticide ingredients,its metabolism and toxicity in humans have not been *** we investigate the enantioselective metabolism of benoxacor in human subcellular *** human liver microsomes(pHLM)and cytosol(pHLC)were incubated with racemic benoxacor for up to *** chromatographic analyses were used to measure the enantioselective depletion of *** with and without nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH,co-factor for cytochrome P450 enzymes[CYPs])and pHLC with glutathione(GSH,co-factor for glutathione Stransferases[GSTs])metabolized *** results demonstrate that microsomal CYPs,microsomal carboxylesterase(CESs),and cytosolic GSTs metabolize *** were predicted to have a higher clearance of benoxacor by GSTs than *** and female pHLM incubations with NADPH showed enrichment of the first eluting benoxacor enantiomer(E1-benoxacor).pHLM incubations without NADPH and pHLC incubations with GSH showed an enrichment of the second eluting enantiomer of benoxacor(E2-benoxacor).Our results indicate that human hepatic microsomal and cytosolic enzymes enantioselectively metabolize benoxacor,a fact that needs to be considered when investigating human exposures and toxicities of benoxacor.

关键词： cor metabolism depletion

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Revaluating coal permeability-gas pressure relation under various gas pressure differential conditions

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第4期10卷 203-216页

作者： Chunguang Wang Hongxu Wang derek Elsworth Guanglei Cui bingqian Li Meng Zhou Wenxin Li Jiyuan Zhang College of Energy and Mining Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Energy and Mineral Engineering GeosciencesG3 Centerand EMS Energy InstitutePennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education On Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co. LTDPingdingshanHenan 467003China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China

Identifying changes in coal permeability with gas pressure and accurately codifying mean efective stresses in laboratory samples are crucial in predicting gas-fow behavior in coal reservoirs. Traditionally, coal permeability to gas is assessed using the steady-state method, where the equivalent gas pressure in the coal is indexed to the average of upstream and downstream pressures of the coal, while ignoring the nonlinear gas pressure gradient along the gas fow path. For the fow of a compressible gas, the traditional method consistently underestimates the length/volume-averaged pressure and overestimates mean efective stress. The higher the pressure diferential within the sample, the greater the error between the true mean pressure for a compressible fuid and that assumed as the average between upstream and downstream pressures under typical reservoir conditions. A correction coefcient for the compressible fuid pressure asymptotes to approximately 1.3%, representing that the error in mean pressure and efective stress can be on the order of approximately 30%, particularly for highly pressure-sensitive permeabilities and compressibilities, further amplifying errors in evaluated reservoir properties. We utilized this volume-averaged pressure and efective stress to correct permeability and compressibility data reported in the literature. both the corrected initial permeability and the corrected pore compressibility were found to be smaller than the uncorrected values, due to the underestimation of the true mean fuid pressure, resulting in an overestimation of reservoir permeability if not corrected. The correction coefcient for the initial permeability ranges from 0.6 to 0.1 (reservoir values are only approximately 40% to 90% of laboratory values), while the correction coefcient for pore compressibility remains at approximately 0.75 (reservoir values are only approximately 25% of laboratory value). Errors between the uncorrected and corrected parameters are quantifed un

关键词： Gas compressibility Coal permeability Pressure diferential Mean gas pressure

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INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS:LESSONS FROM NEW YORK,bRITISH COLUMbIA,AND THE SOUTH-EASTERN UNITED STATES

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 81-96页

作者： Alan FRANZLUEbbERS derek HUNT Gary TELFORD Shabtai bITTMAN Quirine KETTERINGS USDA-Agricultural Research Service RaleighNC 27695USA Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada AgassizBC VOM 1A0Canada Cornell University Department of Animal ScienceIthacaNY 14853USA

Livestock production in the United States(US)and Canada is diverse,but shows a common trend in most livestock sectors toward fewer farms producing the majority of animal products despite a large number of farms still small in production *** migration to larger and more concentrated animal feeding operations in beef finishing and poultry,swine,and dairy production allows processors to streamline supplies to meet market demand for abundant,low-cost livestock products,whether that be for packaged meat,dairy products,or *** concentration of livestock operations comes the challenge of managing *** sufficient land is available and nutrients are needed,livestock manure is an excellent nutrient source and land application is the preferred method of recycling this ***,when livestock production is constrained in a geographical area and animal densities are high,manure may become an environmental liability with potentially greater risk for runoff and leaching of nutrients,emission of odors,ammonia,and greenhouse gases,and release to the environment of pathogens and chemicals of emerging *** these challenges now and into the future requires learning from mistakes and adopting successful *** describe different levels of integration between livestock and crop producers in New York,british Columbia,and the south-eastern US as learning opportunities to improve economic and environmental *** show that effective solutions should recognize(1)manure has value and is not just a cost,(2)farmers,farm advisors,extension educators,nutrient management planners,crop advisors,nutritionists,state agency personnel,regulators,and university researchers need to be active participants in development of solutions,and(3)change to a sustainable future requires a combination of government regulation and outcome-based incentives.

关键词： cropland dairy manure nutrient cycling pastureland poultry manure swine manure

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Systematics of the avian family Alaudidae using multilocus and genomic data

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 137-152页

作者： Per Alstrom Zeinolabedin Mohammadi Erik D.Enbody Martin Irestedt derek Engelbrecht Pierre-Andre Crochet Alban Guillaumet Loïs Rancilhac b.Irene Tieleman Urban Olsson Paul F.Donald Martin Stervander Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DSE-75236UppsalaSweden Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of biology Faculty of SciencesGolestan UniversityGorganGolestanIran Department of Medical biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University75123UppsalaSweden Department of biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz95060Santa CruzCAUSA Department of bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 50007SE-10405StockholmSweden Department of biodiversity University of LimpopoPrivate Bag X1106Sovenga0727South Africa CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of biological&Environmental Sciences Troy UniversityTroyAL36082USA Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenthe Netherlands Department of biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgP.O.Box 463SE-40530GothenburgSweden Gothenburg Global biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 461SE-40530GothenburgSweden birdLife International The David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StCambridgeCB23QZUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB23EJUK bird Group Natural History MuseumAkeman StreetTringHertfordshireHP236APUnited Kingdom

The family Alaudidae,larks,comprises 93-100 species(depending on taxonomy)that are widely distributed across Africa and Eurasia,with single species extending their ranges to North and northernmost South America and Australia.A decade-old molecular phylogeny,comprising~80%of the species,revealed multiple cases of parallel evolution and large variation in rates of morphological evolution,which had misled taxonomists into creating many non-monophyletic ***,we reconstruct the phylogeny of the larks,using a dataset covering one mitochondrial and 16 nuclear loci and comprising all except one of the currently recognised species as well as several recently proposed new species(in total 133 taxa;not all loci available for all species).We provide additional support using genome-wide markers to infer a genus-level phylogeny based on near-complete generic sampling(in total 51 samples of 44 taxa across 40 species).Our results confirm the previous findings of rampant morphological convergence and divergence,and reveal new cases of paraphyletic *** propose a new subfamily classification,and also that the genus Mirafra is divided into four genera to produce a more balanced generic classification of the *** study supports recently proposed species splits as well as some recent lumps,while also questioning some of the *** comprehensive phylogeny will form an important basis for future studies,such as comparative studies of lark natural history,ecology,evolution and conservation.

关键词： Phylogeny Phylogenomics Multispecies coalescent Lark Paraphyly Taxonomy Subfamily description

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Management of Peak Loads in an Emerging Electricity Market

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Energy Engineering 2022年第6期119卷 2637-2654页

作者： Edwin N.Mbinkar derek Ajesam Asoh Jerome Ndam Mungwe Livinus Songyuh Emmanuel Lamfu Laboratoire de Génie Electrique Mécatronique et Traitement du SignalENSPYUniversitéde YaoundéIYaoundeCameroun Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering National Higher Polytechnic Institute(NAHPI)University of BamendaBamendaCameroon Department of Electrical and Power Engineering Higher Technical Teacher Training College(HTTTC)University of BamendaBamendaCameroon Mekin Hydroelectric Development Corporation MeyomessalaCameroon ENEO Cameroun S.A. DoualaCameroon

An electricity market is a trading platform provided by the actors in the electricity sector to sell and buy electricity while maintaining the stability of the transmission network and minimizing energy *** management of electrical energy for rational use consists of all the operations that the consumers can carry out in order to minimize their electricity bill,while the producers optimize their benefits and the transmission *** reduction of active and reactive power consumption and the smoothing of daily and yearly load profiles are the main objectives in this *** developed countries already have properly functioning electricity markets,but developing countries are still in their infancy of deregulated electricity *** major tools used in smoothing the load profiles include decentralized generation,energy storage and demand response.A load power smoothing control strategy is proposed to smooth the load power fluctuations of the distribution *** required power change is determined by evaluating the power fluctuation rate of the load,and then the required power change is allocated to some generators or to some stored ***,the consumers are made to curtail their power *** ideas proposed in this work provide important opportunities for energy policy makers and *** ideas would only be feasible if there exists real-time communication among the actors in the electricity *** results indicate that as much as 1100 Megawatt-hours of energy can be stored for smoothing the load profile,when applied to the Southern Interconnected Grid of the Cameroon power system;and that Time of Use(TOU)pricing could be used instead of rotating blackouts in case of energy shortage.

关键词： Peak load electricity markets decentralized generation energy storage demand response

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New Hypoxylon species from Martinique and new evidence on the molecular phylogeny of Hypoxylon based on ITS rDNA and β-tubulin data

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 181-203页

作者： Eric Kuhnert Jacques Fournier derek Peršoh Janet Jennifer Divinagracia Luangsa-ard Marc Stadler Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BraunschweigGermany Las Muros 09420 RimontFrance Department of Mycology University of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095540 BayreuthGermany National Center for Genetic Engineering and biotechnology(bIOTEC) 113 Thailand Science ParkPhaholyothin RoadKlong LuangPathumthani 12120Thailand

Three new species of Hypoxylon(Xylariaceae)collected from Martinique in the French Caribbean are recognised by new combinations of morphological *** status as undescribed taxa was supported by secondary metabolite profiling based on High performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection(HPLC/DAD-MS)as well as by comparison of ITS and partialß-tubulin DNA sequences with related *** the course of this study,the teleomorph of Nodulisporium griseobrunneum was found,and this species could be transferred to ***,several names in Hypoxylon are epitypified by selecting recently collected specimens from the same geographic areas as the holotypes came *** the fact that our study used the hitherto most extensive taxon sampling,the phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS andß-tubulin sequences remain contradictory to each other,and neither genealogy was found fully in agreement with phenotype-derived *** conclude that the right gene(or multi-gene genealogies)to reflect the phylogeny and evolution of Hypoxylon still remains to be *** the time being,we recommend that the application of polyphasic taxonomic concepts should be continued in taxonomic studies of Hypoxylon.

关键词： biodiversity Chemotaxonomy Epitypification Phylogeny Systematics Xylariaceae

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Injectable mechanical pillows for attenuation of load-induced post-traumatic osteoarthritis

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Regenerative biomaterials 2019年第4期6卷 211-219页

作者： derek T.Holyoak Tibra A.Wheeler Marjolein C.H.van der Meulen Ankur Singh Meinig School of biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Research Division Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021USA Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA

Osteoarthritis(OA)of the knee joint is a degenerative disease initiated by mechanical stress that affects millions of *** disease manifests as joint damage and synovial ***-traumatic osteoarthritis(PTOA)is a specific form of OA caused by mechanical trauma to the *** progression of PTOA is prevented by immediate post-injury therapeutic ***-articular injection of anti-inflammatory therapeutics(***)is a common treatment option for OA before end-stage surgical ***,the efficacy of intra-articular injection is limited due to poor drug retention time in the joint space and the variable efficacy of ***,we endeavored to characterize a four-arm maleimide-functionalized polyethylene glycol(PEG-4MAL)hydrogel system as a‘mechanical pillow’to cushion the load-bearing joint,withstand repetitive loading and improve the efficacy of intra-articular injections of nanoparticles containing dexamethasone,an anti-inflammatory ***-4MAL hydrogels maintained their mechanical properties after physiologically relevant cyclic compression and released therapeutic payload in an on-demand manner under in vitro inflammatory ***,the on-demand hydrogels did not release nanoparticles under repetitive mechanical loading as experienced by daily *** dexamethasone had minimal protective effects on OA-like pathology in our studies,the PEG-4MAL hydrogel functioned as a mechanical pillow to protect the knee joint from cartilage degradation and inhibit osteophyte formation in an in vivo load-induced OA mouse model.

关键词： hydrogel osteophyte biomaterials drug delivery cartilage inflammation

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