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First 150 years of catatonia:looking back at its complicated history and forward to the road ahead

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第5期14卷 600-606页

作者： levente Csihi Gabor s Ungvari stanley n Caroff Gábor Gazdag department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation Jahn Ferenc South Pest HospitalBudapest 1204Hungary Division of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009Western AustraliaAustralia section of Psychiatry University of Notre DameFremantle 6160Western AustraliaAustralia Behavioral Health service Corporal Michael J CresenczVeterans Affairs Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States department of Psychiatry University of PennsylvaniaPerelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19104United States department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Faculty of MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapest 1083Hungary

karl ludwig kahlbaum(1828-1899)was the first to conceptualize and describe the main clinical features of a novel psychiatric illness,which he termed catatonia in his groundbreaking monograph published 150 years *** kahlbaum postulated catatonia as a separate disease entity characterized by psychomotor symptoms and a cyclical course,a close examination of his 26 cases reveals that most of them presented with motor symptom complexes or syndromes associated with various psychiatric and medical *** his classification system,kraepelin categorized catatonic motor symptoms that occur in combination with psychotic symptoms and typically have a poor prognosis within his dementia praecox(schizophrenia)disease *** of the substantial influence of kraepelin’s classification,catatonia was predominantly perceived as a component of schizophrenia for most of the 20th ***,with the advent of the psychopharmacotherapy era starting from the early 1950s,interest in catatonia in both clinical practice and research subsided until the early *** past two decades have witnessed a resurgence of interest in *** Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition,marked a paradigmatic shift by acknowledging that catatonia can occur secondary to various psychiatric and medical *** introduction of an independent diagnostic category termed“Catatonia not Otherwise specified”significantly stimulated research in this *** authors briefly review the history and findings of recent catatonia research and highlight promising directions for future exploration.

关键词： Catatonia Historical overview Psychopharmacology Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 Wernicke-kleist-leonhard school

Resistance of full-scale beams against close-in *** modeling and field tests

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 35-47页

作者： A.Prado A.Alañón R.Castedo A.P.santos l.M.lópez M.Chiquito M.Bermejo C.Oggeri Escuela Politécnica superior dé Avila Universidad de SalamancaÁvila05003Spain E.T.s.I.Minas y Energía Universidad Politecnica de MadridMadrid28003Spain department of Engineering Aviation and TechnologySaint Louis UniversityMadrid28003Spain department of Environment Land and Infrastructure Engineering(DIATI)Politecnico di TorinoTorino10129Italy

This paper explores the performances of a finite element simulation including four concrete models applied to a full-scale reinforced concrete beam subjected to blast loading. Field test data has been used to compare model results for each case. The numerical modelling has been, carried out using the suitable code ls-DYnA. This code integrates blast load routine(COnWEP) for the explosive description and four different material models for the concrete including: karagozian & Case Concrete, Winfrith, Continuous surface Cap Model and Riedel-Hiermaier-Thoma models, with concrete meshing based on 10, 15, and 20 mm. six full-scale beams were tested: four of them used for the initial calibration of the numerical model and two more tests at lower scaled distances. For calibration, field data obtained employing pressure and accelerometers transducers were compared with the results derived from the numerical simulation. Damage surfaces and the shape of rupture in the beams have been used as references for comparison. Influence of the meshing on accelerations has been put in evidence and for some models the shape and size of the damage in the beams produced maximum differences around 15%. In all cases, the variations between material and mesh models are shown and discussed.

关键词： Blast test numerical simulation ls-DYnA Concrete model Mesh effect Full-scale beams

Geochemical and Geophysical Data Processing Aided by“Multifractal-spectrum”Filters for GIs-Based Mineral Exploration

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Journal of Earth science 2000年第2期19卷 36-38页

作者： Xu Yaguang Cheng Qiuming department of Earth and Atmospheric science, York university, north York, ontario, M3j 1P3 canada

A recently developed method, on the bases of “multifractal spectrum” filters for mineral exploration, is introduced in this paper. The “multifractal spectrum” filters, a group of irregularly shaped filters that are constructed on each processed datum, can be used to separate various types of geochemical and geophysical anomalies. The basic model, with an emphasis on the GIs based implementation and the application to the geochemical and geophysical data processing for mineral exploration in southern nova scotia, canada, indicates its advantage in the separation of multiple anomalies from the background.

关键词： multifractal spectrum GIs based mineral exploration geochemical and geophysical anomalies.

Traditional herbal medicine, pharmacology and complementary alternative medicine (CAM): a preface to this special issue on herbal drugs

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Acta Pharmacologica sinica 2000年第12期 2-3页

作者： Chiu-Yin kWAn Guest Editor of this issue, Professor of department of Medicine, Faculty of Health sciences, McMaster university, Hamilton, ontario l8n3Z5, canada.

In China, our ancient human civilization has long used plants and other natural products, and their extracts for both healing and poisoning. The understanding of interactions between drugs and living systems was acquired via generations of knowledge accumulation based on empirical observations. This form of healing, also well documented to exist in many other cultural civilizations via a long historical experimentation, has eventually evolved itself from an art form into a scientific modality, now known as pharmacology. This recognition of a formal discipline of medicine oc-

关键词： this Traditional herbal medicine a preface to this special issue on herbal drugs pharmacology and complementary alternative medicine CAM

localized-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on si(111) substrates

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Journal of semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： leonarde n.Rodrigues Wesley F.Inoch Marcos l.F.Gomes Odilon D.D.Couto Jr. Bráulio s.Archanjo sukarno O.Ferreira Physics department Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil national Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that despite a lattice mismatch of almost 20%, CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructures grown directly on si(111) have surprisingly good optical emission properties. The investigated structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy, macro-and micro-photoluminescence. low temperature macro-photoluminescence experiments indicate three emission bands which depend on the CdTe layer thickness and have different confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal that the lower energy emission band (at 1.48 eV)is associated to defects and bound exciton states, while the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2D character and the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a well-defined (zero-dimensional, 0D) 0D nature. Micro-photoluminescence measurements show the existence of sharp and strongly circularly polarized (up to 40%) emission lines which can be related to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This result opens the possibility of producing photon sources with the typical spin control of the diluted magnetic semiconductors using the low-cost silicon technology.

关键词： CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructure CdTe/CdMnTe quantum emitters quantum dot-like emission silicon(111)substrate

Geochemical and petrological studies of high sulfur coal and overburden from Makum coalfield (northeast India) towards understanding and mitigation of acid mine drainage

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International Journal of Coal science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 133-147页

作者： Angana Mahanta Debashis sarmah nilotpol Bhuyan Monikankana saikia sarat Phukan k.s.V.subramanyam Ajit singh Prasenjit saikia Binoy k.saikia Coal and Energy Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhatAssam785006India Academy of scientific&Innovative Research(AcsIR) Ghaziabad201002India department of Geological sciences Gauhati UniversityGuwahatiAssam781014India Geochemistry Division CSIR-National Geophysical Research InstituteUppal RoadHyderabad500007India

Opencast coal mining produces trash of soil and rock containing various minerals,that are usually dumped nearby the abandoned sites which causes severe environmental concern including the production of acid mine drainage(AMD)through oxidation pyrite *** current study entailed assessing the potential production of AMD from an opencast coal mining region in northeast part of *** order to have a comprehensive overview of the AMD problem in Makum coalfield,the physico-chemical,geochemical,and petrological characteristics of the coal and overburden(OB)samples collected from the Makum coalfield(northeast India)were thoroughly *** maceral compositions reveal that coal features all three groups of macerals(liptinite,vitrinite,and inertinite),with a high concentration of liptinite indicating the coal of perhydrous,thereby rendering it more ***(Fes_(2))oxidation kinetics were studied by conducting the aqueous leaching experiments of coal and(OB)samples to interpret the chemical weathering under controlled laboratory conditions of various temperature and time periods,and to replicate the actual mine site *** coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OEs)was operated to detect the disposal of some precarious elements from coal and OB samples to the leachates during our controlled leaching *** Rare earth element(REE)enrichment in the samples shows the anthropogenic incorporation of the REE in the coal and *** experiments reveal the change in conductivity,acid producing tendency,total dissolved solid(TDs),total Iron(Fe)and dissolved sulfate(sO_(4)^(2−))ions on progress of the leaching ***,the discharge of Fes_(2) via atmospheric oxidation in laboratory condition undergoes a significant growth with the rise of temperature of the reaction systems in the environment and follows pseudo first order kinetics.A bio-remediative strategies is also reported in this paper to mitigate AMD water by

关键词： Opencast mining Pyrite oxidation Coal geochemistry Coal petrology Rare earth elements AMD remediation

Using an Anion Exchange Membrane to Predict soil Available n and s supplies and the Impact of n and s Fertilization on Canola and Wheat Growth

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Pedosphere 2007年第1期17卷 77-83页

作者： J.J.sCHOEnAU department of soil science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A8(Canada)

A growth chamber study was conducted to determine the relationships between the supply of soil available nitrogen (n) and sulfur (s) and canola (Brassica napus) and wheat (Triticum aestivum l. 'Biggar') n and s uptake and yield in three Western Canadian soils. The suitability of one-hour burial with an anion exchange membrane (AEM) was assessed for its utility as a quick test of the available n:s balance in the soil. Canola and wheat were grown on a luvisolic soil low in available s and on Brown and Black Chernozemic soils low in both available n and s, with different rates and combinations of n and s fertilizers applied. AEM burial was used to assess soil available nitrate and sulfate supply rates after fertilization. Dry matter yield and n and s concentrations in plant tissues were determined after 6 weeks of growth. The soil available n:s ratio determined by AEM burial closely reflected the relative supplies of available n and s as revealed in the n:s ratios of plant tissue dry matter. The highest yields were achieved where the available n:s ratio in soil and plant tissue ranged from 5 to 13. Thus, a one-hour burial of an AEM probe in the field may be a useful tool to quickly test if a balanced n and s supply is present in the soil for optimum crop yield.

关键词： anion exchange membrane canola n s wheat

Attitude and willingness on gamete donation among medical students:An experience from a state university in sri lanka

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 120-125页

作者： s.Raguraman k.Muhunthan R.niroje department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Teaching Hospital Jaffna JaffnaSri Lanka

Objective:To assess the attitude and willingness of medical students of the Faculty of Medicine,university of Jaffna,regarding gamete ***:An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine,university of Jaffna,from september 2022 to May 2023 among undergraduate medical students who gave their voluntary participation.A self-administered questionnaire was used as a study instrument to collect data regarding their attitude and willingness toward gamete ***:A total of 345 participants were recruited and their sociodemographic data revealed that 56.8%of the participants were female,62.3%aged between 26 and 30 years,and 92.2%were *** of them received information regarding gamete donations during their clinical *** half(67.8%)of them showed a negative attitude towards gamete *** willingness,only 39.7%of participants had a positive approach for being a gamete donor;among them,84.7%preferred anonymous *** and ethnicity had a significant influence on their attitudes and *** addition,male was also found to be more willing to donate ***:Most medical students have negative views about gamete *** awareness and knowledge of assisted reproductive technology and gamete donation within medical students'sociocultural and ethical backgrounds might facilitate a change in attitude towards gamete donation amongst future medical practitioners.

关键词： Medical students Gamete donation Assisted reproductive technology Attitude Viewpoint

The evolution and morphological stability of a spherical crystal

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science China(Technological sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 225-243页

作者： CHEn MingWen1,2, WAnG ZiDong2 & XU JianJun3,4 1 school of Applied sciences, university of science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2 school of Materials science and Engineering, university of science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 3 school of Mathematical sciences, nankai university, Tianjin 300071, China 4 department of Mathematics and statistics, McGill university, Montreal H3A 2k6, canada 1. school of Applied sciences University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 2. school of Materials science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 3. school of Mathematical sciences Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China 4. department of Mathematics and statistics McGill University Montreal H3A 2K6 Canada

The growth model of a spherical crystal in the undercooled melt including the surface energy, interfacial kinetics and convective flow is established. The effect of the convective flow induced by a small far field flow on the evolution and morphological stability of the interface of the spherical crystal is studied. The interface shape of the spherical crystal, which is affected by the far field flow, and the dispersion relation of the growth rate of amplitude of the perturbed interface are derived. It is shown that the convection induced by the far field flow makes the interface of the growing spherical crystal further grow in the upstream direction of the far field flow and inhibit growth in the downstream direction; the interface of the decaying spherical crystal further decays in the upstream direction and inhibits decay in the downstream direction. The theoretical result suggests that both the growth of the sphere in the upstream direction and the decay of the sphere in the downstream direction make the spherical crystal tend to evolve into an oval; the morphological stability of the interface depends on a certain radius R c such that the spherical crystal is unstable when its radius is greater than R c and stable when its radius is less than R c . The surface energy and interfacial kinetics have strong stabilizing effects on the growth of the spherical crystal. In the meantime interfacial kinetics is a table factor of the interface when the interface of the sphere is growing; it is an unstable factor of the interface when the interface is decaying.

关键词： solid-liquid interface spherical crystal convective flow crystal growth morphological stability