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Elucidating the impact of the ionomer equivalent weight on a platinum group metal-free PEMFC cathode via oxygen limiting current

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SusMat 2023年第1期3卷 72-90页

作者： HaoWang Luigi Osmieri Haoran Yu Michael j.Zachman jae Hyung Park Nancy N.Kariuki Firat C.Cetinbas Sunilkumar Khandavalli Scott Mauger deborah j.myers David A.Cullen Kenneth C.Neyerlin Chemistry and Nanoscience Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenColoradoUSA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA Nuclear Science and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA

Leveraging the interactions between ionomer and catalyst can increase the performance of proton exchangemembrane fuel *** impacts of the equivalent weight(EW)of perfluorosulfonic acid-based ionomers on the platinum group metal-free electrode structure and fuel cell performance have not been fully *** membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)were prepared by using a commercial Fe-N-C catalyst,two perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers with different EWs,that is,Aquivion 720(A720)and Nafion 1100(N1100),and two ionomer-tocatalyst(I/C)*** four MEAswere characterized to understand the impact of the ionomer EW and content on the capacitance,proton conductivity,and mass transport on the *** mass transport resistance was measured for the first time using a new oxygen reduction reaction limiting current method enabling to couple the effects of oxygen diffusion with liquid water *** EW ionomer combined with a moderate I/C results in improved performance due to its enhanced proton ***,when used at high I/C,it can cause severewater flooding at high current density due to the enhanced liquid water uptake,especially at high relative humidity,resulting in lower catalyst utilization and higher mass transport resistance.

关键词： ionomer equivalent weight limiting current mass transport oxygen reduction reaction PGMfree catalyst proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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Rodent management in Aotearoa New Zealand: approaches and challenges to landscape-scale control

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 8-26页

作者： john G.INNES Grant NORBURY Araceli SAMANIEGO Susan WALKER deborah j.WILSON Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research HamiltonNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AlexandraNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AucklandNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research DunedinNew Zealand

Aotearoa—New Zealand has only four rodent species,all *** order of arrival,they are Pacific rat Rattus exulans,brown rat ***,house mouse Mus musculus,and black rat *** management in New Zealand aims mainly to conserve indigenous biodiversity rather than to protect crops or manage diseases,as is usual *** describe four major“regimes”and one major vision for rodent control in New Zealand to meet ecological restoration *** challenges for island eradications are for large islands that are remote or populated by *** 1080 is the only large-scale(tens of thousands of hectares)option for black rat control,but its application requires adjustment to counter subsequent rapid black rat ***“ecosanctuaries”(mean 720 ha)use ground-based traps and poisons to target mainly black rats and face constant *** with mammal-resistant fences(up to 3500 ha)limit reinvasion and target more pest species and have enabled the return of previously extirpated taxa to the main *** Free 2050 aims to eradicate the rat species(but not mice)plus some other introduced mammals from New Zealand by *** vision is not attainable with current tools,but research and experimental management is exploring techniques and *** large scale(to 100000 ha)at which black rats are now targeted for control to extremely low abundance seems to be unique to New Zealand.

关键词： black rat brown rat eradication house mouse rodent control

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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer deborah Rjkers H.j.van der Fels-Klerx joop j.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(justing legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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Translating radiology reports into plain language using ChatGPT and GPT-4 with prompt learning:results,limitations,and potential

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2023年第1期6卷 109-118页

作者： Qing Lyu josh Tan Michael E.Zapadka janardhana Ponnatapura Chuang Niu Kyle j.myers Ge Wang Christopher T.Whitlow Department of Radiology Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27103United States Biomedical Imaging Center Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180United States Puente Solutions LLC PhoenixAZ 85065United States

The large language model called ChatGPT has drawn extensively attention because of its human-like expression and reasoning *** this study,we investigate the feasibility of using ChatGPT in experiments on translating radiology reports into plain language for patients and healthcare providers so that they are educated for improved *** reports from 62 low-dose chest computed tomography lung cancer screening scans and 76 brain magnetic resonance imaging metastases screening scans were collected in the first half of February for this *** to the evaluation by radiologists,ChatGPT can successfully translate radiology reports into plain language with an average score of 4.27 in the five-point system with 0.08 places of information missing and 0.07 places of *** terms of the suggestions provided by ChatGPT,they are generally relevant such as keeping following-up with doctors and closely monitoring any symptoms,and for about 37%of 138 cases in total ChatGPT offers specific suggestions based on findings in the *** also presents some randomness in its responses with occasionally over-simplified or neglected information,which can be mitigated using a more detailed ***,ChatGPT results are compared with a newly released large model GPT-4,showing that GPT-4 can significantly improve the quality of translated *** results show that it is feasible to utilize large language models in clinical education,and further efforts are needed to address limitations and maximize their potential.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Large language model ChatGPT Radiology report Patient education

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Analysis of ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies for managing outcomes of the current mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： David j.Bottjer Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California

The defining feature of a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of extinction that occurred[1]. However, there is finer-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable effects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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Fruit pomacesdtheir nutrient and bioactive components,effects on growth and health of poultry species,and possible optimization techniques

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 357-377页

作者： Taiwo j.Erinle deborah I.Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNS B2N 5E3 Canada

The ever-growing human population,coupled with the exigent need to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat and egg,has put the onus on poultry nutritionists and farmers to identify alternative feed ingredients that could assure the least-cost feed *** addition,the public desire for nonantibiotic-treated poultry products has also necessitated the ultimate search for potent antibiotic alternatives for use in poultry *** some identified alternatives are promising,their cost implications and technical know-how requirements may discourage their ease of adoption in *** use of plants and/or their by-products,like fruit pomaces,present a pocket-friendly advantage and as a result,are gaining much *** is traceable to their rich phytochemical profile,nutritional composition,ready availability,and relatively cheap *** fruit juice and wine pressing industries generate a plethora of fruit wastes ***,fruit pomaces contain appreciable dietary fibre,protein,and phenolic compounds,and thus,their adoption could serve the poultry industry in dual capacities including as substitutes to antibiotics and some conventional ***,there is a possibility to reduce fruit wastes produced and feed-cost in poultry farming from environmental and economical standpoints,*** review seeks to provide reinforcing evidence on the applicability and impact of fruit pomaces in poultry nutrition.

关键词： Fruit pomaces Antioxidant Growth performance Gut health Poultry

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在接受心脏手术的住院患者中,总血红蛋白的测定减少红细胞输注量：一项回顾性数据库分析

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中国胸心血管外科临床杂志 2018年第9期25卷 742-749页

作者： Christopher Craver Kathy W.Belk Gerard j.myers Vizient Inc. Health Data Analytics Irving TX USA University of North Carolina-Charlotte College of Health and Human Services Charlotte NC USA Eastern Perfusion International Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada

目的一直以来,围手术期血红蛋白监测依赖于测量血浆红细胞比容(Hct)的血气分析设备计算饱和度。测量总血红蛋白量(t Hb)的碳氧-血氧定量法,可获得对血液稀释更全面的评估。本研究旨在评估施行大心脏手术的住院患者中用碳氧-血氧定量法... 详细信息

目的一直以来,围手术期血红蛋白监测依赖于测量血浆红细胞比容(Hct)的血气分析设备计算饱和度。测量总血红蛋白量(t Hb)的碳氧-血氧定量法,可获得对血液稀释更全面的评估。本研究旨在评估施行大心脏手术的住院患者中用碳氧-血氧定量法检测的t Hb和用电导率检测的Hct,与红细胞(red blood cell,RBC)输注、住院时间(length of stay,LOS)和住院费用的相关性。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年6月行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)和/或瓣膜置换(VR)术患者的临床资料,使用Med Assets出院数据。患者按照检测方式(t Hb和Hct)进行分组,采用详细的账单记录和当代操作术语编码。根据医院特定的成本费用比来计算住院费用。采用多变量logistic回归法来确定RBC输注和资源利用的重要驱动因素。结果本研究纳入18 169例心血管手术患者。其中Hct监测患者占66%,并更有可能进行CABG+VR双重手术(10.4%vs.8.9%,P=0.006 9)。在控制了患者和医院特征及患者合并症后,Hct组较t Hb组有明显更高的RBC输注风险(OR=1.26,95%CI 1.15~1.38,P<0.000 1),更长的LOS(IRR=1.08,P<0.000 1)和更高的费用(IRR=1.15,P<0.000 1)。结论与Hct监测相比,在心血管手术期间进行t Hb监测可以显著减少RBC输注和住院费用、缩短住院时间。

关键词：碳氧-血氧定量法电导率心脏手术体外循环血红蛋白红细胞比容红细胞输注

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得克萨斯二迭纪含水层/半隔水层系统中深井注射处置酸性废水的地球化学模拟

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华东地质学院学报 1993年第2期16卷 163-166页

作者： M.A.Gardiner j.myers 全仁和

地球化学程序 EQ3NR/EQ6用来模拟西得克萨斯州某化工厂的酸性废物流体与 San Andres(常用的白云岩注入带)和 Grayburg 组(上覆硬石膏半隔水层)主体岩石之间的相互作用。该模拟使用了三种流体:混合废物、未稀释的酸性度物和天然 Grayburg... 详细信息

地球化学程序 EQ3NR/EQ6用来模拟西得克萨斯州某化工厂的酸性废物流体与 San Andres(常用的白云岩注入带)和 Grayburg 组(上覆硬石膏半隔水层)主体岩石之间的相互作用。该模拟使用了三种流体:混合废物、未稀释的酸性度物和天然 Grayburg 地下水。注入带内的白云岩迅速与废酸性反应,导致度物的全部或部分中和,及大量岩石的溶解。这种溶解作用增加了主体岩石的孔隙度和透水性,并使变质和未变质的任一种废物流体进入 Grayburg 组地层中与之接触。溶解硬石膏的能力是溶液中硫和钙的富集程度以及 pH 值、温度和离子强度的函数。废液不断地直接与白云岩、硬石膏反应模拟、化学演化过程提供了评价硬石膏的化学稳定性和半隔水层阻滞垂直流动能力的手段。

关键词：废水地球化学含水层深井处理

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Enhanced dual plasmonic photocatalysis through plasmonic coupling in eccentric noble metal-nonstoichiometric copper chakogenide hetero-nanostructures

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1579-1586页

作者： Mariia Ivanchenko Vida Nooshnab Alline F.myers Nicolas Large Andrew j.Evangelista Hao jing Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) 100 Bureau Dr.GaithersburgMaryland 20899USA

The extension of plasmonics to materials beyond the conventional noble metals opens up a novel and exciting regime after the inspiring discovery of characteristic localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPRs)in doped semiconductor nanocrystals originating from the collective oscillations of free holes in the valence *** herein prepare colloidal monodisperse eccentric dual plasmonic noble metal-nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenide(Au@Cu_(2-x)Se)hybrid hetero-nanostructures with precisely controlled semiconductor shell size and two tunable LSPRs in both visible(VIS)and near-infrared(NIR)regions associated with Au and Cu_(2-x)Se,*** systematic evaluations of the photocatalytic performance of Au@Cu_(2-x)Se upon sole NIR and dual VIS+NIR simultaneous excitations,we are capable of unambiguously elucidating the role of plasmonic coupling between two dissimilar building blocks on the accelerated photocatalytic reactions with greater rate constants from both experimental and computational *** significantly enhanced strength of the electromagnetic field arising from efficient plasmonic coupling under the excitation of two LSPRs results in the superior activities of dual plasmonic Au@Cu_(2-x)Se in *** new physical and chemical insights gained from this work provide the keystone for the rational design and construction of high-quality dual-or even multi-plasmonic nano-systems with optimized properties for widespread applications ranging from photocatalysis to molecular spectroscopies.

关键词： dual plasmonic nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenides time-domain(FDTD) photocatalysis

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Major concerns and issues in burn survivors in Australia

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Burns & Trauma 2014年第2期2卷 84-87页

作者： deborah j Dowda Frank Li Burns Unit Concord Repatriation General Hospital Sydney Australia

Burninjury significantly impacts the victim's long-term quality of life, both physical y and psychosocial y. This prospective, observational study aimed to assess the physical and psychological health status in adult burn survivors in Sydney Australia using the Burns Specific Health Scale-Brief Version (BSHS-B) questionnaire, together with analysis of the baseline demographic data col ected from medical records. A total of 24 adult acute burn victims admitted consecutively to the Burns Unit at Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia between March 2007 and February 2009 fulfil ed the inclusion criteria and participated in the study. The BSHS-B questionnaire (which includes nine domains or subscales) was administered to al 24 participants in person at time of discharge and by mail 6, 12, and 24 months post discharge. By 12 months, 11 participants dropped out and the final analysis was performed on the remaining 13 participants. The analyzed results showed that: 1) Perceived return to work was the only variable that continued to change with time at 12 months after discharge (P jury victims and families, it is essential that therapists be aware of the factors influencing return to work and address these factors through a comprehensive rehabilitation program.

关键词： Burns domains burn specific health scale return to work

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