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Potential relevance of pig gut content transplantation for production and research

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 540-558页

作者： Nuria Canibe Mark o’dea Sam Abraham Department of Animal Science Aarhus UniversityAU-FOULUMPO BOX 508830 TjeleDenmark Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease laboratory College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia

It is becoming increasingly evident that the gastrointestinal microbiota has a significant impact on the overall health and production of the *** has led to intensified research on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota,factors affecting it,and the impact of the microbiota on health,growth performance,and more recently,behavior of the *** production research has been heavily focused on assessing the effects of feed additives and dietary modifications to alter or take advantage of select characteristics of gastrointestinal microbes to improve health and feed conversion *** on faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) as a possible tool to improve outcomes in pigs through manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome is very recent and limited data is *** on FMT in humans demonstrating the transfer of phenotypic traits from donors to recipients and the high efficacy of FMT to treat Clostridium difficile infections in humans,together with data from pigs relating GI-tract microbiota composition with growth performance has likely played an important role in the interest towards this strategy in pig ***,several factors can influence the impact of FMT on the recipient,and these need to be identified and optimized before this tool can be applied to pig *** are obvious inherent biosecurity and regulatory issues in this strategy,since the donor's microbiome can never be completely screened for all possible non-desirable ***,considering the success observed in humans,it seems worth investigating this strategy for certain applications in pig ***,FMT research may lead to the identification of specific bacterial group(s) essential for a particular outcome,resulting in the development of banks of clones which can be used as targeted therapeutics,rather than the broader approach applied in *** review examines the factors associated with the use of FMT,and its pote

关键词： Clostridium difficile Faecal-microbiota-transplantation Feed conversion Gastrointestinal tract Health Microbiota Pig model Pigs

Learning Effectiveness of Semester and Year-Long Study Abroad Programmes:Perspectives of International Students in a UK and China Context

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2023年第3期16卷 359-379页

作者： Xianghan o’dea Chen Wang Mike o’dea Huddersfield Business School University of HuddersfieldQueensgateHuddersfieldHD13DHUK School of Education Durham UniversityStockton RoadDurhamDH13LEUK School of Arts Design and Computer ScienceYork St John UniversityLord Mayor’s WalkYorkYO317EXUK

Research on international students’learning experiences pays much less attention to those studying semester and/or year-long programmes in a country that differs significantly from their home country with respect to culture and the education *** transformative learning theory as the theoretical framework,this paper explores the learning effectiveness of students on such programme in a Chinese and in a UK *** analyses the narratives of 27 students in relation to their cognitive and behavioural activities and also their self-reflective and collaborative reflective *** findings indicate that these students only partially achieved transformative *** main reasons are:(1)the duration of this type of programme was not long enough to achieve a full transformation and(2)both host universities did not include reflection in the learning process *** paper makes a contribution to cross-border learning literature in the Chinese and the UK contexts.

关键词： International students Learning experiences Self-refections Study abroad programmes Transformative learning

Evaluation of Nutrition and Physical Activity Knowledge, Attitudes, Self Efficacy and Behaviors in Teachers and Children after Implementation of the “Healthy Active Kids” online Program in Australian Elementary Schools

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Health 2016年第4期8卷 293-303页

作者： Jennifer A. o’dea Faculty of Education & Social Work University of Sydney Sydney Australia

The aims were to examine change in nutrition and physical activity knowledge, self efficacy and attitudes in a cohort of 23 teachers and 304 year 5 and 6 children after the “Healthy Active Kids” online program and to assess any behavioral change in children’s self reported nutrition and physical activity behaviors and investigate the predictors of nutrition knowledge gain in teachers and children. Results found significant (p owledge of the five food groups;key nutrients provided by each food group, The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating;food labelling laws, identification of common names for fats, sugars and salts on food labels, food proportions on the Healthy Food Plate and the level and percentage of water in the human body and human brain. Teacher attitudes towards the importance of nutrition and diet and self efficacy related to teaching nutrition in class improved (p on model for predictors of the dependent variable, knowledge gain in students was R = 0.53, Adjusted R square = 0.28 (F = 4.76, p of the variation in knowledge gain was predicted by the negative (low) Time 1 knowledge. Changes to eating habits reported by children were “drinking more water each day” (89.1%) and “eating foods from the five food groups each day” (76.2%);“sharing information about food labels with your family” (52.4%);“reading food labels when you go shopping” (50.0%);“changing what is on your dinner plate each night” (44.2%);“vegetables that you eat now that you didn’t eat before” (42.1%) and “fruits that you eat now” (39%). Results suggest that the development of basic nutrition knowledge is still very important for both teachers and students, but that other factors such as self efficacy, empowerment and skill development also contribute to nutrition behavior change in children.

关键词： Nutrition Diet Teacher School Education Knowledge Attitudes Self Efficacy online Learning

Irish Eyes Still Smiling

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Beijing Review 2011年第16期54卷 38-39页

作者： PATRICK o’dea

Beijing celebrates ***’s Day with a range of cultural treats one of Ireland’s leading literary lights,Emma Donoghue,the author of the Booker Prize-listed Room and a star attraction of the Beijing Irish Festival,talk... 详细信息

关键词： St Irish Eyes Still Smiling

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Te Ao Maori Arrives

Beijing Review 2011年第34期54卷 40-41页

作者： PATRICK o’dea

Shanghai Museum exhibit shines light on Maori culture and its similarities with Chinese customs and traditions An exhibition of Maori taonga (treasures) from New Zealand at the Shanghai Museum is exceeding expectations.

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Alternate phenotype–genotype selection for developing superior high-yielding irrigated rice lines

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 191-201页

作者： Yonnelle dea Moukoumbi Raafat El-Namaky Koffi Djaman Daouda Mbodj Baboucarr Manneh Irrigated Rice Breeding Unit Africa Rice Center(Africa Rice)Sahel Regional StationBP 96 Saint LouisSenegal National Institute of Agricultural Research Gros bouquetPMB 16169LibrevilleGabon Rice Research&Training Center(RRTC) 33717 Sakha Kafr SheikhEgypt

Increase grain yield potential is one of the most important objectives of any cereal crop breeding program. To efficiently develop superior rice lines by the introgression of favorable alleles for yield and yield component traits, a strategy of alternate phenotype–genotype selection was used. The present study aimed to(i) investigate the allelic diversity of loci associated with major yield-component traits and(ii) phenotype and genotype advanced populations derived from crosses between NERICA-L-20 and Giza178 for yield component traits using agro-morphological descriptors and GRi SP polymorphic markers to select superior high-yielding rice lines. A total of 100 F2:3 progeny were selected from 1000 F2 plants and genotyped with 16 polymorphic markers linked to four major yield-component traits. Four promising F2:3 lines(ARS 563–14, ARS 563–62, ARS 563–286, and ARS 563–41)bearing combinations of desirable alleles were selected. A selected set of 20 F2:4 lines showed moderate to high heritability for all target traits. Fourteen F2:5 lines derived from ARS 563–14 and 17 F2:5 from ARS 563–286 families were evaluated in preliminary trials to estimate yield gain. The three top lines, ARS 563–286–16-1-1, ARS 563–286–5-1-1, and ARS563–14–10-1-1, showed an increase of more than 10% grain yield over the best check, Sahel108, which is widely cultivated in the Senegal River valley. The 16 markers linked to the target yield component traits can be used to fast-track breeding programs targeting rice productivity.

关键词： Marker Rice Pedigree selection Yield

Microsatellite-Aided Screening for Fertility Restoration Genes (Rf) Facilitates Hybrid Improvement

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Rice science 2016年第3期23卷 160-164页

作者： Raafat El-Namaky Saber Sedeek Yonnelle dea Moukoumbi Rodomiro ortiz Baboucarr Manneh Africa Rice Center (Africa Rice) Sahel Regional Station B.P.96 Saint-Lauis Senegal Africa Rice Center (Africa Rice) P.O.Box 33581 Dar es Salaam Tanzania Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 101 Alnarp SE 23053 Sweden Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC) Sakha-33717 Egypt

DNA markers enabled to determine the chromosomal locations of the two Rf genes(Rf3 and Rf4) in the wild-abortive cytoplasmic male sterility(WA-CMS) system. Four simple sequence repeats(SSRs) RM171, RM258, RM315 and RM443 were used to detect the allelic status with respect to the fertility restoration genes(Rf3 and Rf4) in 300 rice cultivars or breeding lines. The results revealed that out of 300 lines, 90 lines screened had Rf3, 65 lines had Rf4, and 45 lines had Rf3 and Rf4 alleles. Furthermore, 45 lines selected using SSR markers were mated with a CMS line(IR58025A) to analyze their restoring ability. offspring of all the test lines except HHZ8-SAL9DT1-Y1, HHZ5-SAL9-Y3-1 and IDSA77 exhibited higher pollen and spikelet fertility(> 80%), thus confirming they bear the Rf alleles. The hybrid offspring of ARH12-6-1-1-B-3-1, IR32307-10-3-2-1 and Sahel 329 had the highest pollen fertility(97.39%, 98.30% and 97.10%, respectively) and spikelet fertility(95.10%, 97.07% and 96.10%, respectively).

关键词： cytoplasmic male sterility fertility restoration gene heterosis rice simple sequence repeat

Effect of mucin 4 allele on susceptibility to experimental infection with enterotoxigenic F4 Escherichia coli in pigs fed experimental diets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 981-989页

作者： Samantha o.Sterndale Danica J.Evans Josephine P.Mansfield Julie Clarke Shafi Sahibzada Sam Abraham Mark o’dea David W.Miller Jae Cheol Kim John R.Pluske Agriculture Sciences College of ScienceHealthEngineering and Education Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia CSIRo Health and Biosecurity PO BOX 10041AdelaideBC 5000Australia Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease Laboratory Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia AB Vista Asia Pte.Ltd The MezzoWhampoa 329682Singapore

Background: This study investigated the validity of the DNA-marker based test to determine susceptibility to ETECF4 diarrhoea by comparing the results of two DNA sequencing techniques in weaner pigs following experimental infection with F4 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC-F4). The effects of diet and genetic susceptibility were assessed by measuring the incidence of piglet post-weaning diarrhoea(PWD), faecal E. coli shedding and the diarrhoea ***: A DNA marker-based test targeting the mucin 4 gene(MUC4) that encodes F4 fimbria receptor identified pigs as either fully susceptible(SS), partially or mildly susceptible(SR), and resistant(RR) to developing ETEC-F4 diarrhoea. To further analyse this, DNA sequencing was undertaken, and a significantly higher proportion of C nucleotides was observed for RR and SR at the Xba I cleavage site genotypes when compared to SS. However, no significant difference was found between SR and RR genotypes. Therefore, results obtained from Sanger sequencing retrospectively allocated pigs into a resistant genotype(MUC4–), in the case of a C nucleotide, and a susceptible genotype(MUC4+), in the case of a G nucleotide, at the single nucleotide polymorphism site. A total of 72 weaner pigs(age ~ 21 days), weighing 6.1 ± 1.2 kg(mean ± SEM), were fed 3 different diets:(i) positive control(PC) group supplemented with 3 g/kg zinc oxide(Zn o),(ii) negative control(NC) group(no Zn o or HAMSA),and(iii) a diet containing a 50 g/kg high-amylose maize starch product(HAMSA) esterified with acetate. At days five and six after weaning, all pigs were orally infected with ETEC(serotype o149:F4;toxins LT1, ST1, ST2 and EAST). The percentage of pigs that developed diarrhoea following infection was higher(P = 0.05) in MUC4+ pigs compared to MUC4– pigs(50% vs. 26.8%, respectively). Furthermore, pigs fed Zn o had less ETEC-F4 diarrhoea(P = 0.009) than pigs fed other diets, however faecal shedding of ETEC was similar(P > 0.05) between ***

关键词： Diarrhoea Escherichia coli F4 MUC4 Weaner pigs Zinc oxide

Characterization and mode of occurrence of rare earth elements and yttrium in fly and bottom ash from coal-fired power plants in Java,Indonesia

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第2期9卷 229-244页

作者： dea Anisa Ayu Besari Ferian Anggara Widya Rosita Himawan T.B.M.Petrus Department of Geological Engineering Graduate School of Geological EngineeringUnversitas Gadjah MadaJalan Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM BulaksumurD.I.Yogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Geological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah MadaJalan Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM BulaksumurD.I.Yogyakarta 55281Indonesia Unconventional Geo-Resources Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah MadaJalan Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM BulaksumurD.I.Yogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah MadaJalan Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM BulaksumurD.I.Yogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Gadjah MadaJalan Grafka No.2 Kampus UGM BulaksumurD.I.Yogyakarta 55281Indonesia

Fly and bottom ash(FABA)produced primarily from coal combustion in a coal-fred power plant consists of fne particles of the organic and inorganic mixture and trace *** FABA samples from coal-fred power plants in Java,Indonesia,had been collected for composition and rare earth element and Yttrium(REY)mode of occurrence *** geochemical composition of both major and trace elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-MS/AES).Furthermore,the composition of FABA was identifed by petrography with refected light microscopy and X-ray difraction(XRD)***,scanning electron microscope determines the mode of occurrence of REY with an energy-dispersive X-ray(SEM–EDX).The study fnds that the inorganic component of FABA consists of glass,Fe–Mg spinel,mullite,quartz,Fe-oxide mineral,and *** contrast,the organic component is dominated by unburned *** is the most abundant component with cenospheres as major and pleiospheres as minor *** elements analysis indicates REY concentration with heavy REY(HREY)distribution ***,SEM–EDX analysis results show that Yttrium(Y)occurs in glass and has a low concentration in *** the mode occurrence of REY,in particular Yttrium,it can be predicted that alkaline fusion followed by acid leaching will be the most appropriate extraction method to extract REY from Indonesian FABA.

关键词： REY Fly ash Bottom ash Glass Indonesia