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Regulation of proprietary traditional Chinese medicines in Australia

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第1期15卷 12-14页

作者： david t. Graham ISO technical committee 249 (1SO/tC 249) 7-C Shuguang Building 189 Pu 'an Road Shanghai 200021 China

this review article describes the regulation of proprietary Chinese medicines for the Australian market, which may permit many medicines used in traditional Chinese Medicine to have a simplified process of market acce... 详细信息

关键词： Regulation Australia Chinese medicines

RECENt PROGRESS IN INCOMPRESSIBLE REYNOLDSAVERAGED NAVIER-StOKES SOLVERS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1996年第1期8卷 13-30页

作者： C. H. Sung t. t. Huang(david taylor Model Basin,CD/NSWC Bethesda, MD 20084- 5000,USA) david taylor Model Basin Bethesda United States

A new numerical approach based on a multiblock, multigrid, local refinement method has been developed. the multiblock structure makes grid generation for complex geometries easier,multigrid techniques significantly accelerate the rate of convergence and the local refinement method provides high spatial resolution of boundary lay6r and separated vortical flows with much reduced computer memory and CPU time. Sample three-dimensional flow computations for complex geometries are presented to illustrate the advantages in term of memory savings and reductions of CPU time in obtaining high spatial resolution solutions. High spatial resolution in the inner viscous layer is achieved by using the values of y+ for the first grid centers rom the wall in the order of 1 to 7. the required solution resolution in the dominantly viscous flow region (boundary layer, vortex core, or three-dimensional separated zone) dictates the acceptable spacing of grid cells in that region. It is very desirable to be able to reduce grid spacing locally in the critical region without changing the overall grid. the local refinement technique doubles grid numbers in all three directions for every level of refinement. Multiple levels of local grid refinement with moderate grid stretching can be used to provide fine grid spacing in rapidly changing flow regions such as near the wall, vortex core and separated shear layer. thus, the method provides the required fine spatial resolution in the dominantly viscous region which is relatively small compared to the entire computational domain. this also avoids the used of excessively large aspect ratios of the grid cells near the rapidly changing now regions thus reduces truncation error and improves robustness. Furthermore, the results of numerical experimentation indicate that the present multigrid local refinement technique provides very effective numerical communications across the fine and coarse grid interfaces because the finer mesh is embedde

关键词： ultiblock multigrid local refinement

Removing ammonium from water and wastewater using cost-effective adsorbents:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 174-197页

作者： Jianyin Huang Nadeeka Rathnayake Kankanamge Christopher Chow david t.Welsh tianling Li Peter R.teasdale Natural and Built Environments Research Centre School of Natural and Built EnvironmentsUniversity of South AustraliaSA 5095Australia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaSA 5095Australia Enuironmental Futures Research Institute School of EnuironmentGriffith UniuersityGold Coast campusQLD 4215Australia

Ammonium is an important nutrient in primary production; however, high ammonium loads can cause eutrophication of natural waterways, contributing to undesirable changes in water quality and ecosystem structure. While ammonium pollution comes from diffuse agricultural sources, making control difficult, industrial or municipal point sources such as wastewater treatment plants also contribute significantly to overall ammonium *** latter sources can be targeted more readily to control ammonium release into water systems. to assist policy makers and researchers in understanding the diversity of treatment options and the best option for their circumstance, this paper produces a comprehensive review of existing treatment options for ammonium removal with a particular focus on those technologies which offer the highest rates of removal and cost-effectiveness. Ion exchange and adsorption material methods are simple to apply, cost-effective, environmentally friendly technologies which are quite efficient at removing ammonium from treated water. the review presents a list of adsorbents from the literature, their adsorption capacities and other parameters needed for ammonium removal. Further, the preparation of adsorbents with high ammonium removal capacities and new adsorbents is discussed in the context of their relative cost, removal efficiencies, and limitations. Efficient, cost-effective, and environmental friendly adsorbents for the removal of ammonium on a large scale for commercial or water treatment plants are provided. In addition, future perspectives on removing ammonium using adsorbents are presented.

关键词： Ammonium Water treatment Capacities Cost-effective Environmental friendly

In vitro mineralisation of grafted ePtFE membranes carrying carboxylate groups

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Bioactive Materials 2017年第1期2卷 27-34页

作者： Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir david J.t.Hill Darren Martin Lisbeth Grøndahl School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072Australia Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072Australia School of Applied Physics Faculty of Science&TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUKM BangiSelangor43600Malaysia

In vitro mineralisation in simulated body fluid(SBF)of synthetic polymers continues to be an important area of research as the outcomes cannot be *** study evaluates a series of ePtFE membranes grafted with carboxylate-containing copolymers,specifically using acrylic acid and itaconic acid for *** samples differ with regards to graft density,carboxylate density and polymer *** type and amount of mineral produced in 1.5×SBF was dependent on the sample characteristics as evident from XPS,SEM/EDX,and FtIR *** was found that the graft density affects the mineral phases that form and that low graft density appear to cause co-precipitation of calcium carbonate and calcium *** and branched graft copolymer topology led to hydroxyapatite mineralisation whereas crosslinked graft copolymers resulted in formation of a mixture of calcium-phosphate *** study demonstrates that in vitro mineralisation outcomes for carboxylate-containing graft copolymers are *** findings of this study have implications for the design of bioactive coatings and are important for understanding the bone-biomaterial interface.

关键词： Simulated body fluid Expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Graft copolymerisation Carboxylate groups

Women on the liver transplantation waitlist are at increased risk of hospitalization compared to men

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第8期25卷 980-988页

作者： Jessica B rubin Marie Sinclair Robert S Rahimi Elliot B tapper Jennifer C Lai Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of California-San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94143 United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Medicine the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3010VictoriaAustralia Division of Hepatology Annette C.and Harold C.Simmons Transplant InstituteBaylor University Medical CenterDallasTX 75346United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States

BACKGROUND Hospital admissions are common among patients with cirrhosis,but patient factors associated with hospitalization have not been well *** recent data suggesting increased liver transplant waitlist dropout among women,we hypothesized that women on the liver transplant waitlist would have increased rates of hospitalization compared with *** to evaluate the role of gender on risk of hospitalization for patients on the liver transplant waitlist,in order to help explain gender disparities in waitlist *** Patients listed for liver transplant at a single center in the United States were prospectively enrolled in the Functional Assessment in Liver transplantation *** included in this retrospective analysis included those enrolled between March 2012 and December 2014 with at least 12 mo of follow up and without hepatocellular *** primary and secondary outcomes were hospitalization and total inpatient days within 12 mo,*** and negative binomial regression associated baseline factors with *** Of the 392 patients,41%were female,with median(interquartile range)age 58 years(52-63)and model for end-stage liver disease 18(15-22).Within 12 mo,186(47%)patients were hospitalized≥1 time;48%were readmitted,with a median of 8(4-15)inpatient *** women than men were hospitalized(54%vs 43%;P=0.03).In univariable analysis,female sex was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization[odds ratios(OR)1.6,95%confidence interval(CI)1.0-2.4;P=0.03],which remained significant on adjusted multivariable analysis(OR 1.6,95%CI:1.1-2.6;P=0.03).Female gender was also associated with an increased number of inpatient days within 12 mo in both univariable and multivariable *** Women with cirrhosis on the liver transplant waitlist have more hospitalizations and inpatient days in one year compared with men,suggesting that the experience of cirrhosis differs between men and women,despite

关键词： Gender Cirrhosis Liver transplantation waitlist Hospitalization Readmission Women

Is the robot necessary for enhanced recovery after minimally invasive surgery hepatectomy?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 219-220页

作者： Richard S.Hoehn Samer t.tohme david A.Geller Department of Surgery Liver Cancer CenterUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

Minimally invasive surgery has become the standard of care for many operations,and laparoscopic liver resections have rapidly expanded over the past decade(1,2).In 2014,an international panel of liver surgeons determined that laparoscopic minor hepatectomy is either superior or equivalent to traditional open surgery for when performed by trained experts,depending on the outcomes examined(3).In fact,laparoscopic liver surgery has been found to be cost-effective compared to open surgery,owing to shorter length of stay,quicker recovery and less postoperative morbidity(4,5).Indications and use of laparoscopic liver surgery have expanded in recent years from minor resections to major resection and living donor liver transplant,with safe and acceptable outcomes(3).

关键词： surgery expanded robot

Clinical Management of Kidney Allograft Dysfunction

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Open Journal of Organ transplant Surgery 2014年第2期4卷 7-14页

作者： rubin Zhang Section of Nephrology Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans USA

Allograft dysfunction is a common problem after kidney transplant. Allograft rejection is an important entity, and timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for caring transplant recipients. Hyperacute rejection is mediated by the preformed donor specific antibody, while accelerated acute rejection represents an anamnestic response by memory B and t cells. they occur early after transplant. Acute cellular rejection is relatively common and usually responds to pulse corticosteroids or antithymocyte globulin (AtG). the complexity of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) as well as its detrimental effect has been increasingly recognized. the treatment of acute AMR requires a combination of several modalities, such as plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption, IVIG, corticosteroids, rituximab and AtG. After treatment of rejection episode, the maintenance immunosuppressive drugs should be adjusted to prevent further acute rejection and/or evolution into chronic active rejection. Chronic rejection is not reversible and it has been recognized as the most important cause of chronic graft dysfunction and failure.

关键词： Acute Rejection Cellular Rejection Donor Specific Antibody Antibody-Mediated Rejection Chronic Rejection

Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky tomášNovák Ondrej Svojše david Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

this study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

Heterosis in locally adapted sorghum genotypes and potential of hybrids for increased productivity in contrasting environments in Ethiopia

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the Crop Journal 2016年第6期4卷 479-489页

作者： taye t.Mindaye Emma S.Mace Ian D.Godwin david R.Jordan the University of Queensland QueenslandAlliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationHermitage Research Facility Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Melkassa Research Center Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Hermitage Research Facility the University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food Sciences

Increased productivity in sorghum has been achieved in the developed world using *** their yield advantage,introduced hybrids have not been adopted in Ethiopia due to the lack of adaptive traits,their short plant stature and small grain *** study was conducted to investigate hybrid performance and the magnitude of heterosis of locally adapted genotypes in addition to introduced hybrids in three contrasting environments in *** total,139 hybrids,derived from introduced seed parents crossed with locally adapted genotypes and introduced R lines,were ***,the hybrids matured earlier than the adapted parents,but had higher grain yield,plant height,grain number and grain weight in all *** lowland adapted hybrids displayed a mean better parent heterosis(BPH) of19%,equating to 1160 kg ha-1and a 29% mean increase in grain yield,in addition to increased plant height and grain weight,in comparison to the hybrids derived from the introduced R *** mean BPH for grain yield for the highland adapted hybrids was 16% in the highland and 52%in the intermediate environment equating to 698 kg ha-1and 2031 kg ha-1,respectively,in addition to increased grain *** magnitude of heterosis observed for each hybrid group was related to the genetic distance between the parental *** majority of hybrids also showed superiority over the standard check *** general,hybrids from locally adapted genotypes were superior in grain yield,plant height and grain weight compared to the high parents and introduced hybrids indicating the potential for hybrids to increase productivity while addressing farmers' required traits.

关键词： Farmers preferred traits High parent heterosis Locally adapted genotypes Sorghum hybrids