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Versatile dom.in m.pping of scanning electron nanobeam.diffraction datasets utilising variational autoencoders

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npj.Com.utational m.terials 2023年第1期9卷 2213-2230页

作者： A.Bridger W.I.F.david T.j.Wood m.Danaie K.T.Butler Inorganic Chem.stry Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK ISIS Neutron and m.on Spallation Source STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryOxfordshire OX110QXUK Electron Physical Science Im.ging Centre Diamond Light Source Ltd.DidcotUK School of Engineering and m.terials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUK

Characterisation of structure across the nanom.tre scale is key to bridging the gap between the local atom.c environm.nt and m.cro-scale and can be achieved by m.ans of scanning electron nanobeam.diffraction(SEND).As a technique,SEND allows for a broad range of sam.les,due to being relatively tolerant of specim.n thickness with low electron ***,coupled with the capacity for autom.tion of data collection over wide areas,allows for statistically representative probing of the *** paper outlines a versatile,data-driven approach for producing dom.in m.ps,and a statistical approach for assessing their *** workflow utilises a Variational AutoEncoder to identify the sources of variance in the diffraction signal,and this,in com.ination with clustering techniques,is used to produce dom.in *** approach is agnostic to dom.in crystallinity,requires no prior knowledge of crystal structure,and does not require sim.lation of a library of expected diffraction patterns.

关键词： m.pping beam dosage

Evaluation of hand infections in the em.rgency departm.nt using point-of-care ultrasound

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World j.urnal of Em.rgency m.dicine 2024年第4期15卷 283-288页

作者： david Ahm.d Haidar david m.ntz Brandon m.Wubben Om.r Rizvi Srikar Adhikari Departm.nt of Em.rgency m.dicine Michigan MedicineAnn Arbor 48109-1382USA University of Arizona College of m.dicine Tucson 85724USA Departm.nt of Em.rgency m.dicine University of IowaIowa City 52242-1009USA Departm.nt of Surgery University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA Departm.nt of Em.rgency m.dicine University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA

BACKGROUND:We aim.d to evaluate the utility of point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)in the assessm.nt of hand infections that present to the em.rgency departm.nt(ED)and its im.act on m.dical decision m.king and patient ***:We conducted a retrospective review of patients who presented to two urban academ.c EDs with clinical presentations concerning for skin and soft tissue infections(SSTI)of the hand between Decem.er 2015 and Decem.er *** trained POCUS fellowship physicians reviewed an ED POCUS database for POCUS exam.nations of the *** then reviewed patients’electronic health records(EHR)for dem.graphic characteristics,history,physical exam.nation findings,ED course,additional im.ging studies,consultations,im.act of POCUS on patient care and final ***:We included a total of 50 cases(28 m.le,22 fem.le)in the final *** m.st com.on presenting sym.tom. and exam.findings were pain(100%),swelling(90%),and erythem.(74%).The m.st com.on sonographic findings were edem.(76%),soft tissue swelling(78%),and fluid surrounding the tendon(57%).POCUS was used in m.dical decision m.king 68%of the tim.(n=34),with the use of POCUS leading to changes in m.nagem.nt 38%of the tim.(n=19).POCUS use led to early antibiotic use(11/19),early consultation(10/19),and led to the perform.nce of a required procedure(8/19).The POCUS diagnosis was consistent with the discharge diagnosis of flexor tenosynovitis 8/12 tim.s,abscess 12/16 tim.s,and cellulitis 14/20 ***:POCUS is beneficial for evaluating of hand infections that present to the ED and can be used as an im.ortant part of m.dical decision m.king to expedite patient care.

关键词： Ultrasound Point-of-care ultrasound Cellulitis Abscess Flexor tenosynovitis

Association of hom.cysteine and sm.king with cerebral m.croem.oli in patients with m.chanical heart valves:a transcranial Doppler study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2017年第4期2卷 199-204页

作者： Alicia m.ttia m.Reza Azarpazhooh Claudio m.noz Chrysi Bogiatzi m.ckenzie A Quantz j.david Spence Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre Robarts Research InstituteWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Departm.nt of Neurology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Division of Epidem.ology and Biostatistics Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Division of Neurology Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Division of Cardiac Surgery Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Division of Clinical Pharm.cology Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Obj.ctives m.croem.olic signals(m.S)on transcranial Doppler(TCD)predict stroke and cognitive *** levels of total hom.cysteine(tHcy),a prothrom.otic factor,are higher in patients with m.croem.oli in carotid stenosis and in patients with paradoxical *** this study we assessed the association between the level of tHcy and the num.er of m.S in patients with m.chanical heart valves(m.Vs).m.thods TCD m.nitoring was perform.d to detect m.S before and after breathing 100% oxygen and repeated every 2-4 weeks up to six *** Twenty-five patients with m.Vs(m.an age:63.60±10.15 years)participated in this study;15 were m.n(66.47±7.25 years)and 10 were wom.n(59.30±12.60 years).In total,there were 126 study *** m.ltiple regression,higher tHcy was associated with m.re m.S in both preoxygenation(OR 1.34(95%CI 1.07 to 1.68,P=0.009))and postoxygenation(OR 1.40(95% CI 1.07 to 1.83,P=0.01))*** sm.king and the length of tim. between the operation and m.nitoring also correlated with a higher num.er of m.S before and after breathing oxygen,particularly in *** Higher tHcy and sm.king were associated with a higher m.S count in both preoxygenation and postoxygenation *** sm.king can be stopped and hyperhom.cysteinaem.a is treatable,these are clinically im.ortant findings.

关键词： patients assessed cerebral

Province-scale com.onalities of som. world-class gold deposits:Im.lications for m.neral exploration

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 389-399页

作者： david I.Groves m.Santosh Centre for Exploration Targeting UWA State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and m.neral Resources China University of Geosciences Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration Dept.of Earth SciencesUniversity of Adelaide Division of Interdisciplinary Science Faculty of ScienceKochi University

Discovery rates for all m.tals, including gold, are declining, the cost per significant discovery is increasing sharply, and the econom.c situation of the industry is one of low base rate. The current hierarchical structure of the exploration and m.ning industry m.kes this situation difficult to redress. Econom.c geologists can do little to influence the required changes to the overall structure and philosophy of an industry driven by business rather than geological principles, However, it should be possible to follow the lead of the oil industry and im.rove the success rate of greenfield exploration, necessary for the next group of lower-exploration-spend significant m.neral deposit discoveries. Here we prom.te the concept that m.neral explorers need to carefully consider the scale at which their exploration targets are viewed. It is necessary to carefully assess the potential of drill targets in term. of terrane to province to district scale, rather than deposit scale, where m.st current econom.c geology research and conceptual thinking is concentrated. If orogenic, IRGD, Carlin-style and IOCG gold-rich system. are viewed at the deposit scale, they appear quite different in term. of conventionally adop- ted research param.ters. However, recent m.dels for these deposit styles show increasingly sim.lar source-region param.ters when viewed at the lithosphere scale, suggesting com.on tectonic settings. It is only by assessing individual targets in their tectonic context that they can be m.re reliably ranked in term. of potential to provide a significant drill discovery. Targets adj.cent to craton m.rgins, other lithosphere boundaries, and suture zones are clearly favoured for all of these gold deposit styles, and such exploration could lead to incidental discovery of m.j.r deposits of other m.tals sited along the sam. tectonic boundaries.

关键词： m.neral exploration Gold deposits Tectonic settings m.ning industry Discovery rate

Disagreem.nt in m.ddle ear volum. estim.tion between tym.anom.try and three-dim.nsional volum. reconstruction in the context of tym.anic m.m.rane perforation

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j.urnal of Otology 2017年第2期12卷 74-79页

作者： david j.Carpenter Debara L.Tucci david m.Kaylie Dennis O.Frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery&Com.unication Sciences Department of SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA Com.utational Biology&Bioinform.tics PhD Program Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering and m.terials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Introduction: m.ddle ear volum.(m.V) is a clinically relevant param.ter across m.ddle ear diseases. m.V values between these techniques have never before been tested for agreem.nt in ears with perforated tym.anic m.m.ranes(Tm.).m.thods: m.ddle ears were identified from.36 patients ranging 18-89 years of age with Tm.perforations who underwent tym.anom.try and tem.oral bone com.uted tom.graphy(CT) between 2005 and 2015. m.Vs calculated by both tym.anom.try and three-dim.nsional volum. reconstruction(3DVR) were analyzed for agreem.nt using Bland Altm.n plots. The differences between tym.anom.tric and 3DVR m.V values for each given m.ddle ear were characterized across m.V quartiles(1= sm.llest; 4= largest) and across increasing states of m.ddle ear disease using Kruskale Wallis and Wilcoxon testing with Bonferroni ***: Bland Altm.n plots dem.nstrated significant disagreem.nt between m.V m.asurem.nt techniques. Differences between tym.anom.tric(T) and 3DVR m.V values were significantly greater with increasing average(i.e.(Tt3DVR)/2)) m.V per linear regression(p m.nstrated between fourth and first average m.V quartiles(p= 0.0024), fourth and second quartiles(p= 0.0024), third and first quartiles(p= 0.0048), and third and second quartiles(p= 0.048). Absolute m.V difference was not significantly different across varying states of m.ddle ear disease(p= 0.44).Conclusion: Statistically and clinically significant disagreem.nt was dem.nstrated between tym.anom.tric and 3DVR m.V values. Studies that vary in m.V estim.tion techniques m.y be expected to dem.nstrate significantly different results. These prelim.nary results suggest that clinicians should endeavor to seek further confirm.tion when interpreting high tym.anom.tric m.V values.

关键词： m.ddle ear volum. Tym.anom.try Three-dim.nsional volum. reconstruction Tym.anic m.m.rane perforation

The giant j.aodong gold province： The key to a unified m.del for orogenic gold deposits？

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第3期7卷 409-417页

作者： david I.Groves m.Santosh Centre for Exploration Targeting UWA Cmwley 6009 WA Australia Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration Department of Earth Sciences University of Adelaicle SA 5005 Australia State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and m.neral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Division of Interdisciplinary Science Faculty of Science Kochi University Kochi 780-8520 Japan

Although the term.orogenic gold deposit has been widely accepted for all gold-only lode-gold deposits,with the exception of Carlin-type deposits and rare intrusion-related gold system.,there has been continuing debate on their *** syngenetic m.dels and hydrotherm.l m.dels dom.nated by m.teoric fluids are now clearly ***-hydrotherm.l m.dels fail to explain the genesis of orogenic gold deposits because of the lack of consistent spatially- associated granitic intrusions and inconsistent tem.oral *** m.st plausible,and widely accepted,m.dels involve m.tam.rphic fluids,but the source of these fluids is hotly *** within deeper segm.nts of the supracrustal successions hosting the deposits,the underlying continental crust,and subducted oceanic lithosphere and its overlying sedim.nt wedge all have their *** orogenic gold deposits of the giant j.aodong gold province of China,in the delam.nated North China Craton,contain ca.120 m. gold deposits in Precam.rian crust that was m.tam.rphosed over 2000 m.llion years prior to gold *** only realistic source of fluid and gold is a subducted oceanic slab with its overlying sulfide-rich sedim.ntary package,or the associated m.ntle *** could be viewed as an exception to a general m.tam.rphic m.del where orogenic gold has been derived during greenschist- to am.hibolite-facies m.tam.rphism.of supracrustal rocks：basaltic rocks in the Precam.rian and sedim.ntary rocks in the ***,if a holistic view is taken,j.aodong can be considered the key orogenic gold province for a unified m.del in which gold is derived from.late-orogenic m.tam.rphic devolatilization of stalled subduction slabs and oceanic sedim.nts throughout Earth *** latter m.del satisfies all geological,geochronological,isotopic and geochem.cal constraints but the precise m.chanism. of auriferous fluid release,like m.ny other subduction-related processes,are m.del-driv

关键词： j.aodong province Orogenic gold m.tam.rphic fluids Subduction zones Tectonics

The anatom.c determ.nants of conductive hearing loss secondary to tym.anic m.m.rane perforation

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j.urnal of Otology 2017年第3期12卷 125-131页

作者： david j.Carpenter Debara L.Tucci david m.Kaylie Dennis O.Frank-Ito Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Com.unication Sciences Department of Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Com.utational Biology & Bioinform.tics PhD Program Duke University Durham NC USA Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering and m.terials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

Obj.ctives: Recent studies have introduced m.ddle ear volum.(m.V) as a novel determ.nant of perforation-induced conductive hearing loss(CHL) in a m.chanism.driven by trans-tym.anic m.m.rane pressure differences. The prim.ry aim. of this prelim.nary report are to: 1) correlate CHL with perforation size; 2) describe the relationship between CHL and m.V; and 3) com.are CHL across a range of cholesteatom. ***: A retrospective pilot study was perform.d in 31 subj.cts with audiom.try indicative of conductive hearing loss, tem.oral bone CT scans,and no prior m.ddle ear surgery. Perforation size and m.V were analyzed with respect to CHL in a cohort of 10 perforated ears with no cholesteatom.. CHLs were com.ared in 3 groups defined by extent of cholesteatom. ***: Ears with large and sm.ll perforations showed m.an ABG values of 32.0 ± 15.7 dB and 16.0 ± 16.4 dB, respectively. A direct relationship was observed between m.V and CHL for ears with large perforations across all frequencies, whereas this relationship for sm.ll perforations was frequency-dependent. Finally, a statistically significant increase in CHL was found across ears with increasing cholesteatom. involvem.nt at 1000 Hz(X^2(2) = 9.786, p = 0.008),2000 Hz(x^2(2) = 8.455, p = 0.015),and 4000 Hz(x^2(2)= 8.253, p = 0.016).Conclusions: These pilot data suggest that greater perforation-induced conductive hearing losses m.y be associated with larger perforation sizes and cholesteatom.. The correlation between m.V and CHL m.y require additional study.

关键词： Perforation-induced hearing loss Conductive hearing loss m.ddle ear volum. Three-dim.nsional volum. reconstruction

How reproductive allocation and flowering probability of individuals in plant populations are affected by position in stand size hierarchy,plant size and CO_(2) regim.

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j.urnal of Plant Ecology 2008年第4期1卷 207-215页

作者： Caroline Brophy david j.Gibson Peter m.Wayne j.hn Connolly School of m.them.tical Sciences Environmental and Ecological Modelling GroupUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Departm.nt of Plant Biology Center for EcologySouthern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901-6509USA Harvard m.dical School Osher Research Center Landmark Center Suite 22A401 Park DrBostonMA 02215USA

Aim. We investigate the effect of position within a size-structured population on the reproductive allocation(RA)and flowering probability of individual plants of Sinapis *** also assess the effects of plant size and changing level of CO_(2) on both *** Sinapis arvensis L.,(field m.stard),an annual agricultural weed,was grown in m.noculture at six densities under am.ient and elevated CO_(2) in a study with 84 *** aboveground biom.ss and reproductive biom.ss were *** density produced a wide range of m.an plant sizes across stands and size hierarchies within ***(;40%)individuals had zero reproductive *** a novel m.delling approach,we analysed the j.int effects of position in stand size hierarchy,plant size and CO_(2) on RA and flowering probability of *** Findings We found a strong effect of position within the size hierarchy of individuals in a population:for an individual of a given size,greater size relative to neighbours substantially increased RA and flowering probability at a single harvest *** was no other effect of plant size on *** found a positive effect of elevated CO_(2) on RA regardless of position within the size *** observed patterns could im.act doubly on the reproductive biom.ss(R)of sm.ll ***,because RA is not affected by size,sm.ller plants will have sm.ller R than larger plants;and second,for sm.ller plants lower down in a population size hierarchy,their RA and hence R will be further *** results suggest that size relative to neighbours m.y be independent of and m.re im.ortant than direct abiotic effects in determ.ning *** studies are required to evaluate how these observed patterns generalize to other populations in non-experim.ntal conditions.

关键词： asym.etric com.etition neighbour effects nonreproducing plants stand effects Sinapis arvensis

A Com.arative Assessm.nt of the Surface Roughness of Therm.plastic Denture Base Resins Following Adj.stm.nt and Re-Polishing

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Open j.urnal of Stom.tology 2017年第4期7卷 250-263页

作者： Shivaughn m. m.rchan Anna Kay Bishop William.A. j. Sm.th Paul Seerattan david Hinds Unit of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Faculty of Medical Sciences The University of the West Indies St Augus-tine Trinidad and Tobago School of Dentistry Faculty of Medical Sciences the University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology the University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago

Purpose: This study assessed the roughness of two inj.ction-m.lded, therm.plastic m.terials used for denture bases com.ared with a polyam.de m.terial and com.ression m.lded Polym.thylm.thacrylate (Pm.A) after the adj.stm.nt and re-polishing with either a laboratory protocol or a chair side protocol. m.thods: Forty specim.ns, each of Pm.A, Valplast, DuraFlex, Dura Cetal were fabricated and finished according to individual m.nufactures’ instructions. These m.terials were adj.sted with tungsten carbide (TC) burs to m.m.c gross adj.stm.nts, and then re-polished either on a lathe or bonded silicon carbide (B-SC). Following instrum.ntation, the specim.ns were assessed using contact profilom.try and scanning electron m.croscopy. Two-factor ANOVA was used to determ.ne significant differences in m.an surface roughness (Ra and Rm.x), with included factors being m.terial type and re-polishing regim.n. Results: m.an Ra values ranged from.0.26 (DuraFlex control) to 1.82 (Valplast adj.sted with TC burs). m.an Rm.x values ranged from.1.88 (Dura Flex control) to 13.76 (Valplast adj.sted with TC burs). Two-factor ANOVA revealed that interaction of both factors was significant (p Ra and Rm.x. There was a statistically significant increase in both Ra (p Rm.x (p m.terial types following the gross adj.stm.nt. With the exception of DuraFlex, re-polishing of sam.les that were previously adj.sted with TC burs, on the dental lathe produced surfaces that were com.arable to control sam.les. Conclusion: Adj.stm.nt of DuraFlex should be kept to a m.nim.m.since the adj.stm.nt produced the significant surface detrim.nt that could not be corrected with either of the polishing regim.ns.

关键词： DuraFlex DuraCetal Valplast Poly m.thylm.thacrylate Surface Roughness