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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl james Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller david Hercher Department life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph david Gimbel jonathan Grossberg Daniel l.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

TOPOlOGY AND CASCADING lINE OUTAGES IN POWER GRIDS

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第2期16卷 202-221页

作者： david l. PEPYNE University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA

Motivated by the small world network research of Watts ＆ Strogatz, this paper studies relationships between topology and cascading line outages in electric power grids. Cascading line outages are a type of cascading collapse that can occur in power grids when the transmission network is congested. It is characterized by a self-sustaining sequence of line outages followed by grid breakup, which generally leads to widespread blackout. The main findings of this work are twofold： On one hand, the work suggests that topologies with more disorder in their interconnection topology tend to be robust with respect to cascading line outages in the sense of being able to support greater generation and demand levels than more regularly interconnected topologies. On the other hand, the work suggests that topologies with more disorder tend to be more fragile in that should a cascade get started, they tend to break apart after fewer outages than more regularly interconnected topologies. Thus, as has been observed in other complex networks, there appears to be a tradeoff between robustness and fragility. These results were established using synthetically generated power grid topologies and verified using the IEEE 57 bus and 188 bus power grid test cases.

关键词： Power grid blackout cascading line failure complex networks robust yet fragile

A Malvaceae mystery: A mallow maelstrom of genome multiplications and maybe misleading methods?

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第1期61卷 12-31页

作者： justin l.Conover Nisa Karimi Noah Stenz Cecile ane Corrinne E.Grover Cynthia Skema jennifer A.Tate Kirsten Wolff Samuel A.logan jonathan F.Wendel david A.Baum Department of Ecology Evolutionand Organismal BiologyIowa State University Department of Botany University of Wisconsin Madison Department of Statistics University of Wisconsin Madison Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Wisconsin Institute for Discovery

Previous research suggests that Gossypium has undergone a 5-to 6-fold multiplication following its divergence from Theobroma. However, the number of events, or where they occurred in the Malvaceae phylogeny remains unknown. We analyzed transcriptomic and genomic data from representatives of eight of the nine Malvaceae subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear data placed Dombeya(Dombeyoideae) as sister to the rest of Malvadendrina clade, but the plastid DNA tree strongly supported Durio(Helicteroideae) in this position. Intraspecific Ks plots indicated that all sampled taxa, except Theobroma(Byttnerioideae), Corchorus(Grewioideae), and Dombeya(Dombeyoideae), have experienced whole genome multiplications(WGMs). Quartet analysis suggested WGMs were shared by Malvoideae-Bombacoideae and Sterculioideae-Tilioideae, but did not resolve whether these are shared with each other or Helicteroideae(Durio).Gene tree reconciliation and Bayesian concordance analysis suggested a complex history. Alternative hypotheses are suggested, each involving two independent autotetraploid and one allopolyploid event. They differ in that one entails an allopolyploid origin for the Durio lineage,whereas the other invokes an allopolyploid origin for Malvoideae-Bombacoideae. We highlight the need for more genomic information in the Malvaceae and improved methods to resolve complex evolutionary histories that may include allopolyploidy, incomplete lineage sorting, and variable rates of gene and genome evolution.

关键词： research data

Natural products and drug discovery

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National Science Review 2022年第11期9卷 37-57页

作者： david j.Newman NIH Special Volunteer

This review covers the recent history of a series of very important natural products and their derivatives that are currently in use or under evaluation in the areas of anti-infectives, important cancer treatments that include antibody drug conjugates, followed by a discussion of type 2 diabetes(T2DM) drugs and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The current structures of the agents are shown, though in the case of some peptides used in T2DM drugs the standard single leTher abbreviation for an amino acid is used.

关键词： artemisinin glycopeptides anthracyclines dolastatin diabetes 2 ACE inhibitors

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans accurately predict differing body fat content in live sheep

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 248-253页

作者： david W Miller Ellen j Bennett joanne l Harrison Fiona Anderson Clare l Adam School of Veterinary and life Sciences Murdoch University Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) Peter Wilson Building The Faculty of Health University of Tasmania School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Aberdeen

Background: There is considerable interest in implementing mobile scanning technology for on-farm body composition analysis on live *** experiments evaluated the use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as an accurate method of total body fat measurement in live ***: In Exp.1,visceral and whole body fat analysis was undertaken in sheep with body condition scores(BCS)in the range 2 to 3.25(scale 1: thin to 5: fat).The relationship of BCS was moderately correlated with visceral fat depot mass(r = 0.59,P le body fat(r = 0.70,P lood sampled to analyse circulating leptin concentrations,and were DXA scanned immediately post mortem for total body *** leptin concentrations had low correlations with BCS(r = 0.50,P lation with chemical body fat(r = 0.17,P > 0.05,n = 9).There was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS(r = 0.70,P ly correlated with chemical body fat(r = 0.81,P ls,was performed on growing sheep over a 32-week *** average BCS ranged from 2.39 ± 0.07(S.E.M.) to 3.05 ± 0.11 and the DXA body fat(%) ranged from 16.8 ± 0.8 to 24.2 ± *** was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS over the 32 weeks(r = 0.61,P lusions: Overall,these experiments indicated that there was good agreement between BCS,DXA and chemical analysis for measuring total body fat in sheep,and that DXA scanning is a valid method for longitudinal measurement of total body fat in live sheep.

关键词： BCS DEXA Fat leptin longitudinal Sheep

High–Speed electron beam curing of thick electrode for high energy density li-ion batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第4期4卷 375-381页

作者： Zhijia Du Christopher j.janke jianlin li david l.Wood III Energy and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

Electron beam curing is demonstrated as a promising method for high speed,low cost and environmentally friendly battery electrode *** work reports transfer of this process to pilot scale equipment and evaluation of electrochemical performance in prototype 1.5 Ah pouch *** liNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2(NMC532)composite electrodes with an areal loading of 25 mg cm^-2(~4 mAh cm^-2)are successfully cured at a line speed of 500 feet per minute at 275 *** to the NMC532 cathode processed via a conventional coating method,the electron beam cured electrodes show higher capacity fade in the first 100 cycles,but similar fade rate *** improvement strategies are proposed and *** work demonstrates that electron beam curing is a promising method for manufacturing thick battery electrodes at high speeds and low capital/operation cost.

关键词： Electron beam curing li-ion batteries Thick electrode

Helicobacter pylori arginase mutant colonizes arginase Ⅱ knockout mice

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第28期17卷 3300-3309页

作者： Songhee H Kim Melanie l langford jean-luc Boucher Traci l Testerman david j McGee Department of Microbiology and Immunology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport University of Nebraska-lincoln School of Biological SciencesLincoln laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques Université Paris Descartes

AIM: To investigate the role of host and bacterial arginases in the colonization of mice by Helicobacter pylori (***).METHODS: *** produces a very powerful urease that hydrolyzes urea to carbon dioxide and ammonium,which neutralizes *** is absolutely essential to *** pathogenesis;therefore,the urea substrate must be in ample supply for urease to work *** urea substrate is most likely provided by arginase activity,which hydrolyzes l-arginine to l-ornithine and *** work has demonstrated that *** arginase is surprisingly not required for colonization of wild-type ***,another in vivo source of the critical urea substrate must *** hypothesized that the urea source was provided by host arginase Ⅱ,since this enzyme is expressed in the stomach,and *** has previously been shown to induce the expression of murine gastric arginase Ⅱ.To test this hypothesis,wild-type and arginase (rocF) mutant *** strain SS1 were inoculated into arginase Ⅱ knockout ***: Surprisingly,both the wild-type and rocF mutant bacteria still colonized arginase Ⅱ knockout ***,feeding arginase Ⅱ knockout mice the host arginase inhibitor S-(2-boronoethyl)l-cysteine (BEC),while inhibiting > 50% of the host arginase Ⅰ?activity in several tissues,did not block the ability of the rocF mutant *** to *** contrast,BEC poorly inhibited *** arginase ***: The in vivo source for the essential urea utilized by *** urease is neither bacterial arginase nor host arginase Ⅱ;instead,either residual host arginase Ⅰ?or agmatinase is probably responsible.

关键词： Arginase Helicobacter pylori S-(2-boronoethyl)-l-cysteine Urease Mice

Analysis of ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies for managing outcomes of the current mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： david j.Bottjer Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California

The defining feature of a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of extinction that occurred[1]. However, there is finer-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable effects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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