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Cortical and spinal evoked potential response to electrical stimulation in human rectum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5440-5446页

作者： Brian Garvin Lisa Lovely Alex Tsodikov danielle Minecan shaungson Hong John W Wiley Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Michigan Clinical Research Unit Level 1 Room 1702 Cardiovascular Center 1500E Medical Center Drive Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Department of Neurology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Department of Biostatistics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

AIM: To study a novel technique to record spinal and cortical evoked potentials (EPs) simultaneously in response to electrical stimulation in the human rectum. METHODs: Eight male and nine female healthy volunteers participated. stimulating electrodes were attached to the rectal mucosa at 15 cm and 12 cm above the dentate line. Recording skin electrodes were positioned over vertebrae L4 through s2. The electrical stimulus was a square wave of 0.2 ms duration and the intensity of the stimulus varied between 0 and 100 mA. EP responses were recorded using a Nicolet Viking IV programmable signal ***: simultaneous recording of cortical and spinal EPs was obtained in > 80% of the trials. The EP responses increased with the intensity of the electrical stimulation, were reproducible overtime, and were blocked by application of Lidocaine jelly at the site of stimulation. The morphology (N1/P1), mean ± sD for latency (spinal N1, 4.6 ± 0.4 ms; P1, 6.8 ± 0.5 ms; cortical N1, 136.1 ± 4.2 ms; P1, 233.6 ± 12.8 ms) and amplitude (N1/P1, spinal, 38 ± 7 μV; cortical 19 ± 3 μV) data for the EP responses were consistent with those in the published literature. Reliable and reproducible EP recordings were obtained with the attachment of the electrodes to the rectal mucosa at predetermined locations between 16 and 8 cm above the anal verge, and the distance between the attachment sites of the electrodes (the optimal distance being approximately 3.0 cm between the two electrodes). CONCLUsION: This technique can be used to assess potential abnormalities in primary afferent neural pathways innervating the rectum in several neurodegenerative and functional pain disorders.

关键词： spinal evoked potentials Cortical evoked potentials Rectum Electrical stimulation Primary afferent neurons Visceral sensation

Effects of soil pH，Texture，Moisture，Organic Matter and Cadmium Contenton Cadmium Diffusion Coefficient

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Pedosphere 1994年第2期4卷 97-103页

作者： WUQI－TANG J.L.morel 等 DepartmentofsoilandEnvironmentalsciences SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityGuangzhou510642China Depar

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关键词： pH值土壤结构水分有机质镉含量镉扩散系数玉米根际土壤性质

An examination of the population dynamics of syngnathid fishes within Tampa Bay,Florida,UsA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 118-133页

作者： Heather D.MAsONJONEs Emily ROsE Lori Benson McRAE danielle L.DIXsON Biology Department University of Tampa Biology Department Texas A & M University school of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University

seagrass ecosystems worldwide have been declining, leading to a decrease in associated fish populations, especiallythose with low mobility such as syngnathids (pipefish and seahorses). This two-year pilot study investigated seasonal patterns indensity, growth, site fidelity, and population dynamics of Tampa Bay (FL) syngnathid fishes at a site adjacent to two marinas underconstruction. Using a modified mark-recapture technique, fish were collected periodically from three closely located sites thatvaried in seagrass species (Thalassia spp., syringodium spp., and mixed-grass sites) and their distance from open water, but hadconsistent physical/chemical environmental characteristics. Fish were marked, photographed for body size and gender measurements,and released the same day at the capture site. Of the 5695 individuals surveyed, 49 individuals were recaptured, indicatinga large, flexible population. Population density peaks were observed in July of both years, with low densities in late winter andlate summer. spatially, syngnathid densities were highest closest to the mouth of the bay and lowest near the shoreline. sevenspecies of syngnathid fishes were observed, and species-specific patterns of seagrass use emerged during the study. However,only two species, syngnathus scovelli and Hippocampus zosterae, were observed at high frequencies. For these two species, bodysize decreased across the study period, but while s. scovelli's population density decreased, H. zosterae's increased. Across six ofthe seven species, population size declined over the course of this preliminary study; however, seasonal shifts were impossible todistinguish from potential anthropogenic effects of

关键词：美国佛罗里达州种群动态作者鱼类

Application of Power Electronics and Control for Dual Battery Packs Management with Voltage Balancing and state of Charge Estimation

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第12期14卷 762-780页

作者： stuart Brown Tsafack Pierre Fendji Marie danielle Emmanuel Tanyi Musong L. Katche Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Energy storage, such as lead acid batteries, is necessary for renewable energy sources’ autonomy because of their intermittent nature, which makes them more frequently used than traditional energy sources to reduce operating costs. The battery storage system has to be monitored and managed to prevent serious problems such as battery overcharging, over-discharging, overheating, battery unbalancing, thermal runaway, and fire dangers. For voltage balancing between batteries in the pack throughout the charging period and the sOC estimate, a modified lossless switching mechanism is used in this research’s suggested battery management system. The OCV state of charge calculation, in the beginning, was used in conjunction with the coulomb counting approach to estimate the sOC. The results reveal that correlation factor K has an average value of 0.3 volts when VM ≥ 12 V and an average value of 0.825 when VM ≤ 12 V. The battery monitoring system revealed that voltage balancing was accomplished during the charging process in park one after 80 seconds with a sOC difference of 1.4% between Batteries 1 and 2. On the other hand, the system estimates the state of charge during the discharging process in two packs, with a maximum DOD of 10.8 V for all batteries. The project’s objectives were met since the BMs estimated sOC and achieved voltage balance.

关键词： state of Charge Battery Management system Lead Acid Battery

silica-coating-assisted nitridation of TiO_(2) nanoparticles and their photothermal property

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 3228-3233页

作者： Qilin Wei danielle L.Kuhn Zachary Zander Brendan G.DeLacy Hai-Lung Dai Yugang sun Department of Chemistry Temple University1901 North 13th StreetPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19122USA U.s.Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center Research&Technology DirectorateAberdeen Proving GroundMaryland 21010USA

Nanoparticles of refractory compounds represent a class of stable materials showing a great promise to support localized surface plasmon resonances(LsPRs)in both visible and near infrared(NIR)spectral *** is still challenging to rationally tune the LsPR band because of the difficulty to control the density of charge carriers in individual refractory nanoparticles and maintain the dispersity of nanoparticles in the processes of synthesis and *** this work,controlled chemical transformation of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))nanoparticles encapsulated with mesoporous silica(siO_(2))shells to titanium nitride(TiN)via nitridation reaction at elevated temperatures is developed to tune the density of free electrons in the resulting titanium-oxide-nitride(TiO_(x)N_(y))*** tunability enables a flexibility to support LsPR-based optical absorption in the synthesized TiO_(x)N_(y)@siO_(2) core-shell nanoparticles across both the visible and NIR *** silica shells play a crucial role in preventing the sintering of TiO_(x)N_(y) nanoparticles in the nitridation reaction and maintaining the stability of TiOxNy nanoparticles in *** LsPR-based broadband absorption of light in the TiO_(x)N_(y)@siO_(2) nanoparticles exhibits strong photothermal effect with photo-to-thermal conversion efficiency as high as〜76%.

关键词： titanium-oxide-nitride nanoparticles mesoporous silica coating nitridation reaction structural transformation plasmonic absorption photothermal effect

Clinical implication of 14-3-3 epsilon expression in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1531-1537页

作者： Mariana Ferreira Leal danielle Queiroz Calcagno smia Demachki Paulo Pimentel Assumpo Roger Chammas Rommel Rodríguez Burbano Marília de Arruda Cardoso smith Genetics Division Department of Morphology and GeneticFederal University of So PauloSo Paulo 04023-900Brazil Pathology service Joo de Barros Barreto University HospitalFederal University of ParáBelém 60673-000Brazil surgery service Joo de Barros Barreto University HospitalFederal University of ParáBelém 60673-000Brazil Laboratory of Experimental Oncology School of MedicineUniversity of So PauloSo Paulo 01246-903Brazil Human Cytogenetics Laboratory Institute of Biological SciencesFederal University of ParáBelém 66073-000Brazil

AIM:To evaluate for the first time the protein and mRNA expression of 14-3-3εin gastric ***:14-3-3εprotein expression was determined by western blotting,and mRNA expression was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in gastric tumors and their matched non-neoplastic gastric tissue ***:Authors observed a significant reduction of 14-3-3εprotein expression in gastric cancer(GC)samples compared to their matched non-neoplastic *** levels of 14-3-3εwere also associated with diffuse-type GC and early-onset of this *** data suggest that reduced 14-3-3εmay have a role in gastric carcinogenesis ***:Our results reveal that the reduced 14-3-3εexpression in GC and investigation of 14-3-3ε interaction partners may help to elucidate the carcino-genesis process.

关键词：胃癌临床意义 14-3-3蛋白 RT-PCR检测 mRNA表达量表肿瘤组织气相色谱仪

Pseudocapacitive Vanadium-based Materials toward High-Rate sodium-Ion storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第3期3卷 221-234页

作者： Qiulong Wei Ryan H.De Block danielle M.Butts Christopher Choi Bruce Dunn Department of Materials science and Engineering Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials GenomeCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen Fujian 361005China National Research Council Postdoctoral Associate U.S.Naval Research LaboratoryWashington DC 20375USA Department of Materials science and Engineering University of California Los AngelesLos Angeles CA 90095–1595USA

sodium-ion battery materials and devices are promising candidates for largescale applications,owing to the abundance and low cost of sodium *** sodium-ion pseudocapacitive materials provide one approach for achieving high capacity at high rates,but are currently not well ***,a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and electrochemical behaviors of vanadium-based pseudocapacitive materials for sodium-ion storage is *** insight of sodium-ion storage mechanisms for various vanadium-based materials,including vanadium oxides,vanadates,vanadium sulfides,nitrides,and carbides are systematically discussed and *** particular,areas for further development to improve fundamental understanding of electrochemical and structural properties of materials are ***,we provide a perspective on the application of pseudocapacitive materials in high-power and high-energy sodium-ion storage devices(e.g.,sodium-ion capacitors).

关键词： charge-storage mechanism nanomaterials pseudocapacitance sodium-ion capacitors vanadium-based materials

Diagnostic Prospectives with Tau Protein and Imaging Techniques to Detect Development of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain science 2023年第4期13卷 55-65页

作者： Amit Naskar danielle Jayanty Kimberly Head Gulshan L. Khanna Vatsalya Vatsalya Arpan Banerjee Cognitive Brain Dynamics Lab National Brain Research Centre Manesar India Department of Medicine University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Professor and Pro Vice Chancellor Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies Faridabad India Robley Rex VA Medical Center Louisville KY USA National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism NIH Bethesda MD USA

Brain damage sustained from repeated blows in boxing, wrestling, and other combat sports has serious physical and mental health consequences. The degenerative brain disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), presents clinically with memory loss, aggression, difficulty in rational thinking and other cognitive problems. This spectrum, which mimics Alzheimer’s disease, is diagnosed post-mortem through a brain biopsy in many professional athletes. However, little is known about the process of development and how to identify vulnerable individuals who may be on course for developing CTE. Boxing is a sport that has a severe toll on athletes’ health, primarily on their brain health and function. This review addresses the concerns of brain injury, describes the pathologies that manifest in multiple scales, e.g., molecular and cognitive, and also proposes possible diagnostic and prognostic markers to characterize the early onset of CTE along with the aim to identify a starting point for future precautions and interventions.

关键词： Athletes Axonal Injury Tau Protein Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Traumatic Brain Injury Boxing Wrestling

40 Gb/s NRZ-DQPsK data wavelength conversion with amplitude regeneration using four-wave mixing in a quantum dash semiconductor optical amplifier

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2016年第3期9卷 341-345页

作者： Michael J. CONNELLY Lukasz KRZCZANOWICZ Pascal morel Ammar sHARAIHA Francois LELARGE Romain BRENOT siddharth JOsHI sophie BARBET Optical Communications Research Group Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Ireland Lab-sTICC UMR CNRS 6285 Ecole Nationale d'Ingenieurs de Brest CS 73862 29238 Brest Cedex 3 France Alcatel Thales III-V Laboratory Route Departementale 128 91767 Palaiseau France

Differential quadrature phase shift keying （DQPsK） modulation is attractive in high-speed optical communications because of its resistance to fiber non-linearities and more efficient use of fiber bandwidth compared to conventional intensity modulation schemes. Because of its wavelength conversion ability and phase preservation, semiconductor optical amplifier （sOA） four- wave mixing （FWM） has attracted much attention. We experimentally study wavelength conversion of 40 Gbit/s （20 Gbaud） non-return-to-zero （NRZ）-DQPsK data using FWM in a quantum dash sOA with 20 dB gain and 5 dBm output saturation power. Q factor improvement and eye diagram reshaping is shown for up to 3 nm pump-probe detuning and is superior to that reported for a higher gain bulk sOA.

关键词： differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPsK) phase modulation quantum-dash semiconductor optical amplifier (sOA) four-wave mixing (FWM) wavelength conversion