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Enduring association between irritable bowel syndrome and war trauma during the Nicaragua civil war period:A population-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第45期29卷 5953-5961页

作者： Edgar M peña-Galo daniel Wurzelmann Javier Alcedo Rodolfo peña Loreto Cortes Douglas Morgan Department of Digestive Diseases Miguel Servet University HospitalZaragoza 50009AragonSpain Javier Alcedo Aragon Health Research InstituteIIS AragonZaragoza 50009AragonSpain Department of Mental Health Carolina PartnersDurhamNC 27707United States Department of Data Analysis CIDE(ResearchDevelopment and Epidemiology Center)Tegucigalpa 11101Francisco MorazánHonduras School of Medicine National Autonomous University of NicaraguaLeon 21000LeonNicaragua Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UAB University of Alabama BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States School of Medcine The University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 9500United States

BACKGROUND Psychosocial and physical trauma are known risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),including in war veterans,whereas war exposure in civilians is *** experienced two wars,1970-1990:The Sandinistas Revolution(1970s)and The Contra War(1980s).Our aim was to investigate the role of exposure to war trauma in the subsequent development of IBS in the context of an established health surveillance system(11000 households).AIM To investigate in a civilian population the relationship between exposure to war trauma and events and the subsequent development of IBS in the context of an established public health and demographic surveillance system in western *** We conducted a nested population-based,cross-sectional study focused on functional gastrointestinal disorders based on Rome II criteria.1617 adults were randomly *** Spanish Rome II Modular Questionnaire and Harvard Trauma Questionnaire were validated in *** exposure was assessed with 10 measures of direct and indirect war trauma and post-war *** exposures were defined by≥3 *** The prevalence of IBS was 15.2%[Female(F)17.1%,Male(M)12.0%],war exposure 19.3%(F 9.3%,M 36.7%),and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)5.6%(F 6.4%,M 4.3%).Significant associations with IBS in the civilian population were observed(adjusted by gender,age,socioeconomic status,education):physical and psychological abuse[adjusted odds ratio(aOR):2.25;95%confidence interval:1.1-4.5],witnessed execution(aOR:2.4;1.1-5.2),family member death(aOR:2.2;1.2-4.2),and multiple exposures(aOR:2.7;1.4-5.1).PTSD was independently associated with IBS(aOR:2.6;1.2-5.7).CONCLUSION An enduring association was observed in the Nicaragua civilian population between specific civil war-related events and subsequent *** populations in regions with extended armed conflict may warrant provider education and targeted interventions for patients.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Functional gastrointestinal disorders War trauma Civil war Post-traumatic stress disorder Central America

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Extracting body surface dimensions from top-view images of pigs

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第5期11卷 182-191页

作者： Mingzhou Lu Tomas Norton Ali Youssef Nemanja Radojkovic Alberto peña Fernández daniel Berckmans College of Engineering/Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology&Equipment Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031China M3-BIORES-Measure Model&Manage BioresponsesKU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 30B-3001 LeuvenBelgium

Continuous live weight and carcass traits estimation are important for the pig production and breeding *** is widely known that top-view images of a pig’s body(excluding its head and neck)reveal surface dimension parameters,which are correlated with live weight and carcass ***,because a pig is not constrained when an image is captured,the body does not always have a straight *** creates a big challenge when extracting the body surface dimension parameters,and consequently the live weight and carcass traits estimation has a high level of *** primary goal of this study is to propose an algorithm to automatically extract pig body surface dimension parameters,with a better accuracy,from top-view pig ***,the backbone line of a pig was ***,lengths of line segments perpendicular to the backbone line were calculated,and then feature points on the pig’s contour line were extracted based on the lengths variation of the perpendicular line ***,the head and neck of the pig were removed from the pig’s contour by an ***,four length and one area parameters were *** proposed algorithm was implemented in Matlab®(R2012b)and applied to 126 depth images of *** the results of the manual labeling tool as the gold standard,the length and area parameters could be obtained by the proposed algorithm with an accuracy of 97.71%(SE=1.64%)and 97.06%(SE=1.82%),*** parameters can be used to improve pig live weight and carcass traits estimation accuracy in the future work.

关键词： body surface dimension image analysis skeleton triangulated network ellipse fitting

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An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads:Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2669-2684页

作者： Jamie Anne Lugtu-pe Xuning Zhang Sako Mirzaie Hao Han R.Chang Nour AL-Mousawi Kuan Chen Yongqiang Li Anil Kane daniel Bar-Shalom Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S 3M2Canada Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc. Mississauga L5N 5M1Canada Department of Pharmacy University of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark Patheon by Thermo Fisher Scientific Toronto Region Operations(TRO)Mississauga L5N 3X4Canada

Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution ***,most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility,and hence are exempt from such *** combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility,like other supersaturating systems,the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved,particularly within the dosage ***,we explored the potential of an emerging,non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle(TPN)pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion(CRASD)beads comprising a poorly soluble drug(celecoxib)reservoir and insoluble polymer(ethylcellulose)*** to conventional pore former,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),TPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity,less crystal formation at the CRASD bead surface,and greater extent of celecoxib ***-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of TPN,intra-molecular bonding,crystal formation tendency,diffusion coefficient,and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced,while intermolecular H-bonding was increased as compared to *** work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASD.

关键词： Controlled release amorphous solid dispersion Poorly soluble drug Internal recrystallization Membrane-reservoir coated beads Molecular dynamics simulation Effect of pore formers Terpolymer nanogel Drug-polymer interactions

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Multi-Sectoral Reflections and Efforts in Strengthening Partnerships to Reduce Disaster Risk in Mexico:The First MuSe-IDRiM Conference

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 686-691页

作者： Irasema Alcantara-Ayala daniel Rodriguez-Velazquez Ricardo J Garnica-pena Alejandra Maldonado-Martinez Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)04510 Mexico CityMexico National School of Social Work.National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM) 04510 Mexico CityMexico Disaster Risk Reduction Consultant 04700 Mexico CityMexico

Notwithstanding the high societal impact of disasters in Mexico,there is a lack of integrated efforts to establish a sound policy for reducing disaster risk to counterbalance the existing concentrated endeavors in disaster *** the face of such segmentation,the science and technology community has advocated for a change of perspective,from civil protection to integrated disaster risk *** first Multi-Sectoral Conference towards Integrated Disaster Risk Management in Mexico:Building a National Public Policy(MuSe-IDRiM Conference)was held in Mexico City at National Autonomous University of Mexico,21-24 October *** support of the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,the conference aimed at enhancing the dialogue between the scienee and technology community,citizens,civil society organizations,private and public sectors,and the federtil,state,and municipal governments to foster the process of transforming the current National Civil Protection System into a national public policy oriented towards integrated disaster risk management(DRM).Barriers and challenges to the implementation of integrated DRM were *** of integrated DRM challenges current socioeconomic structures and encourages all releva nt stakeholders to think,decide,and act from a different perspective and within and across spatial,temporal,jurisdictional,and institutional *** disaster risk from an integrated approach,learning skills that authorities have not learned or used,and hence,strengthening disaster risk governance are prerequisites to effectively manage disaster risk.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Integrated disaster risk management Mexico Science-based policy making SINAPROC

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Extracting structural motifs from pair distribution function data of nanostructures using explainable machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2053-2063页

作者： Andy S.Anker Emil T.S.Kjær Mikkel Juelsholt Troels Lindahl Christiansen Susanne Linn Skjærvø Mads ry Vogel Jørgensen Innokenty Kantor daniel Risskov Sørensen Simon J.L.Billinge Raghavendra Selvan Kirsten M.Ø.Jensen Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center University of Copenhagen2100CopenhagenDenmark Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOxfordUK Department of Chemistry&iNANO Aarhus University8000AarhusDenmark MAX IV Laboratory Lund University22484LundSweden Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark2880LyngbyDenmark Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY11973USA Department of Computer Science University of Copenhagen2100CopenhagenDenmark Department of Neuroscience University of Copenhagen2200CopenhagenDenmark

Characterization of material structure with X-ray or neutron scattering using *** Distribution Function(PDF)analysis most often rely on refining a structure model against an experimental ***,identifying a suitable model is often a ***,automated approaches have made it possible to test thousands of models for each dataset,but these methods are computationally expensive and analysing the output,*** structural information from the resulting fits in a meaningful way,is *** Machine Learning based Motif Extractor(ML-MotEx)trains an ML algorithm on thousands of fits,and uses SHAP(SHapley Additive exPlanation)values to identify which model features are important for the fit *** use the method for 4 different chemical systems,including disordered nanomaterials and ***-MotEx opens for a type of modelling where each feature in a model is assigned an importance value for the fit quality based on explainable ML.

关键词： explain structural meaningful

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Catalytic dechlorination and detoxification of 1-(2-chlorophenyl) ethanol by Pd/Fe

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第5期11卷 356-362页

作者： G. daniel SHENG College of Biological and Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology

1-(2-chlorophenyl) ethanol (Cpe) is of health and environmental concern due to its toxicity and its use as an inter-mediate in pharmaceutical manufacturing. The current work deals with the catalytic reductive dechlorination and detoxification of Cpe by Pd/Fe bimetal. Cpe was effectively dechlorinated to 1-phenyl ethanol (pe) accompanied by the equivalent release of chloride. The extent of Cpe dechlorination increased with temperature,Fe dosage and Pd loading. A decrease in solution pH increased Cpe dechlorination,resulting presumably from an increase in hydrogen production. Under the specific conditions of 20 g/L Pd/Fe,0.10% Pd (w/w) and initial pH 5-6,the Cpe dechlorination was completed within 145 min. The dechlorination fol-lowed a pseudo-first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 56.7 kJ/mol. The results of toxicity testing showed that Cpe was very toxic to Chlorella,whereas pe showed little toxicity. The toxicity of the reaction solution declined gradually and the pro-moting effects on Chlorella intensified consequently with the dechlorination process. Thus,the reductive dechlorination of Cpe to pe by Pd/Fe was a detoxification process. It may be used to effectively reduce the toxicological effects of Cpe-contaminated wastewater,thereby enhancing the performance of subsequent biological processes in wastewater treatment.

关键词： 1-(2-chlorophenyl) ethanol (Cpe) Pd/Fe Catalytic reductive dechlorination Detoxification 1-phenyl ethanol (pe)

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Auditory Gain, Quality of Life, and Audiological Benefits in Bone-Anchored Hearing Device Users in Fundación SantaféDe Bogotá, Colombia

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2016年第2期5卷 44-53页

作者： Augusto peñaranda Juan Manuel Garcia Maria Leonor Aparicio Felipe Montes Clemencia Barón Roberto C. Jiménez daniel peñaranda Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá Cochlear Implants Group Bogotá Colombia Industrial Engineering Department Los Andes University Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios Básicos y Aplicados en Complejidad (CeiBA) Bogotá Colombia Industrial Engineering Department Los Andes University EpiAndes Epidemiology Group Universidad de los Andes Bogotá Colombia School of Medicine Los Andes University Bogotá Colombia

The objective of this study is to determine the auditory gain, quality of life, audiological benefits, in bone-anchored hearing device users (BAHA). It is a retrospective and concurrent evaluation of thirty patients fitted unilaterally and seven fitted bilaterally for at least six months. Patients were assessed with audiometric testing and application of Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) and Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB). Regarding sound-field pure audiometry results, we found a statistically significant gain in all frequencies using the bone-anchored device. APHAB scores showed statistically significant subjective audiological gains in all subscales except for the aversiveness subscale. GBI mean scores for all items in both groups were all above 3, suggesting quality of life improvement in conductive and mixed hearing loss patients. BP100 users showed a greater clinical gain in the APHAB global score and subscales compared with Divino users. In conclusion the BAHA provides significant auditory gain, subjective audiological benefits and improves quality of life in all BAHA users. This study shows a significant clinical and statistical benefit of BAHA measured by audiometric testing and by the APHAB and GBI questionnaires.

关键词： BAHA Quality of Life Audiological Benefits Auditory Gain

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Assessment of toxicology knowledge in the fourth-year medical students:Three years of data

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第3期9卷 191-194页

作者： Jennie Buchanan daniel Windels Jeffrey Druck Kennon Heard Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine AuroraDenverCO 80204USA Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center-Denver Health&Hospital Authority DenverDenverCO 80204USA Saint Anthony Hospital APEX Emergency GroupLakewoodColorado 80228USA

BACKGROUND:Pharmacology and toxicology are core content knowledge for *** students should demonstrate understanding of general pharmacology and basic treatment of *** objective of this study was to measure the knowledge of the 4th-year medical students(MS4)on these topics over 3 ***:A multiple-choice exam(15 questions)was administered to MS4 students in spring of 2010,2011,and *** were developed by medical toxicologists to evaluate basic knowledge in three areas:pharmacologic effects(pe),treatment of poisoning(TOP),and pharmacokinetics(PK).The students were grouped by intended specialtiesinto pharmacologic intense(anesthesia,emergency medicine,internal medicine,pediatrics,and psychiatry),less pharmacologic intense specialties(dermatology,OB/GYN,ophthalmology,pathology,physical medicine and rehabilitation,radiology,and surgery)and by completion of a pharmacology or toxicology *** group scores were compared using ***:Totally 332 of 401(83%)students completed the *** scores were stable over the three years,higher for students completing a toxicology rotation and for students entering a pharmacologically intense ***:The external validity is limited to a single medical school with incomplete participation and content was limited by the survey *** results over the three-year period and correlation of performance with completing a toxicology rotation and intent to enter a pharmacology intensive specialty suggest this survey may correlate with toxicology *** of required core courses focused on toxicology may improve core content knowledge in fourth year medical students.

关键词： Medical student Education Toxicology Knowledge

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Generalized food-deceptive orchid species flower earlier and occur at lower altitudes than rewarding ones

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第4期3卷 243-250页

作者： Loıc pellissier Pascal Vittoz Antonina Ingrid Internicola Luc daniel Bienvenu Gigord Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneBiophoreCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Faculty of Geosciences and Environment University of LausanneBiophoreCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Conservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin 2 rue du Pe`re GeorgesLes Colimac xons97436 Saint-LeuLa Re´unionFrance Present address:Department of Biological Sciences 2500 University Drive N.W.University of CalgaryCalgary ABAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4

Aims Food-deceptive pollination,in which plants do not offer any food reward to their pollinators,is common within the *** food-deceptive orchids are poorer competitors for pollinator visitation than rewarding orchids,their occurrence in a given habitat may be more constrained than that of rewarding *** particular,the success of deceptive orchids strongly relies on several biotic factors such as interactions with co-flowering rewarding species and pollinators,which may vary with altitude and over *** study compares generalized food-deceptive(*** sexually deceptive)and rewarding orchids to test whether(i)deceptive orchids flower earlier compared to their rewarding counterparts and whether(ii)the relative occurrence of deceptive orchids decreases with increasing *** To compare the flowering phenology of rewarding and deceptive orchids,we analysed data compiled from the literature at the species level over the occidental Palaearctic *** flowering phenology can be constrained by the latitudinal distribution of the species and by their phylogenetic relationships,we accounted for these factors in our *** compare the altitudinal distribution of rewarding and deceptive orchids,we used field observations made over the entire Swiss territory and over two Swiss mountain *** Findings We found that deceptive orchid species start flowering earlier than rewarding orchids do,which is in accordance with the hypotheses of exploitation of naive pollinators and/or avoidance of competition with rewarding co-occurring ***,the relative frequency of deceptive orchids decreases with altitude,suggesting that deception may be less profitable at high compared to low altitude.

关键词： altitude timing of flowering food-deception European orchids Orchidaceae biogeography

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The diagnostic yield for computed tomography pulmonary angiography in patients with anticoagulation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 251-255页

作者： Payush Chatta Brian Diep Jakrin Kewcharoen daniel Rossie Cory Toomasian Purvi Parwani Dmitry Abramov Department of Medicine Division of CardiologyLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA Department of Medicine Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA Department of Emergency Medicine Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA

BACKGROUND:Patients who present to the emergency department(ED)for suspected pulmonary embolism(pe)are often on active oral anticoagulation(AC).However,the diagnostic yield of computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)in screening for pe in patients who present on AC has not been well *** aim to investigate the diagnostic yield of CTPA in diagnosing pe depending on AC ***:We reviewed and analyzed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent CTPA for pe at a university hospital ED from June 1,2019,to March 25,*** outcome was the incidence of pe on CTPA depending on baseline AC status and indication for ***:Of 2,846 patients,242 were on AC for a history of venous thromboembolism(VTE),210 were on AC for other indications,and 2,394 were not on *** incidence of pe on CTPA was significantly lower in patients on AC for other indications(5.7%)when compared to patients on AC for prior VTE(24.3%)and patients not on AC at presentation(9.8%)(Ppe among patients undergoing CTPA in the ED is lower in patients previously on AC for indications other than VTE when compared to those not on AC or those on AC for history of *** status and indication for AC may affect pre-test probability of a positive CTPA,and AC status therefore warrants consideration as part of future diagnostic algorithms among patients with suspected pe.

关键词： Pulmonary embolism Computed tomography pulmonary angiography Emergency department Anticoagulation

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