Generalized food-deceptive orchid species flower earlier and occur at lower altitudes than rewarding ones

作     者：Loıc Pellissier Pascal Vittoz Antonina Ingrid Internicola Luc Daniel Bienvenu Gigord 

作者机构：Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneBiophoreCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Faculty of Geosciences and EnvironmentUniversity of LausanneBiophoreCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Conservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin2 rue du Pe`re GeorgesLes Colimac xons97436 Saint-LeuLa Re´unionFrance Present address:Department of Biological Sciences2500 University Drive N.W.University of CalgaryCalgary ABAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 

出 版 物：《Journal of Plant Ecology》 (植物生态学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2010年第3卷第4期

页      面：243-250页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 071001[理学-植物学] 07[理学] 

基　　金：Centre de Conservation de la Nature du Canton de Vaud Federal Office of the Environment Swiss National Science Foundation(3100A0-100754/1 to L.D.B.G.and PBLAA-122727 to I.A.I.) 

主　　题：altitude timing of flowering food-deception European orchids Orchidaceae biogeography 

摘      要：Aims Food-deceptive pollination,in which plants do not offer any food reward to their pollinators,is common within the *** food-deceptive orchids are poorer competitors for pollinator visitation than rewarding orchids,their occurrence in a given habitat may be more constrained than that of rewarding *** particular,the success of deceptive orchids strongly relies on several biotic factors such as interactions with co-flowering rewarding species and pollinators,which may vary with altitude and over *** study compares generalized food-deceptive(*** sexually deceptive)and rewarding orchids to test whether(i)deceptive orchids flower earlier compared to their rewarding counterparts and whether(ii)the relative occurrence of deceptive orchids decreases with increasing *** To compare the flowering phenology of rewarding and deceptive orchids,we analysed data compiled from the literature at the species level over the occidental Palaearctic *** flowering phenology can be constrained by the latitudinal distribution of the species and by their phylogenetic relationships,we accounted for these factors in our *** compare the altitudinal distribution of rewarding and deceptive orchids,we used field observations made over the entire Swiss territory and over two Swiss mountain *** Findings We found that deceptive orchid species start flowering earlier than rewarding orchids do,which is in accordance with the hypotheses of exploitation of naive pollinators and/or avoidance of competition with rewarding co-occurring ***,the relative frequency of deceptive orchids decreases with altitude,suggesting that deception may be less profitable at high compared to low altitude.