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Key innovations in ruminant evolution: a paleontological perspective

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Integrative zoology 2014年第4期9卷 412-433页

作者： daniel DeMIGUEL Beatriz AzANzA Jorge morales Catalan Institute of Paleontology Miquel Crusafont Autonomus University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Earth Sciences University of ZaragozaUniversity Research Institute in Environmental SciencesZaragozaSpain Department of Paleobiology National Museum of Natural SciencesMadridSpain

Key innovations are newly acquired structures that permit the performance of a new function and open new adaptive zones,and are,therefore,of paramount significance for understanding the history of the Ruminantia,particularly its diversification through the *** we review and discuss what is known about these evolutionary novelties,with special emphasis on the appearance and evolution of cranial appendages and high-crowned(or hypsodont)*** appendages probably favored the diversification of pecorans by being structures strongly related to sexual selection,whereas the acquisition of hypsodont teeth could have expanded potential dietary breadth and allowed species to extend diets into the grazing range without eliminating browsing as a potential *** analyzed in conjunction with patterns of faunal diversity and in the context of climatic changes,it seems that the overall view that ruminant cranial appendages and hypsodonty may have started responding to increased patterns of seasonality and the opening-up of ecosystems is roughly ***stead,they occurred through several distinct pulses and varied widely among *** review is,to our knowledge,the first to highlight that the evolution of these innovations has been far from constant and uniform through ***,we identify that both a first attempt to increase hypsodonty starting in the early Miocene and a first evolution of antlers and pronghorns were interrupted as a consequence of wide climatic fluctuations in the early-middle Miocene transition.

关键词： Artiodactyla climate change cranial appendages diversity hypsodonty

Selecting the best:Interspecific and age-related diet differences among sympatric steppe passerines

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 611-622页

作者： Julia zurdo Paula Gomez-Lopez Adrian Barrero daniel Bustillo-de la Rosa Julia Gomez-Catasús Margarita Reverter Cristian Perez-Granados Manuel B.morales Juan Traba Terrestrial Ecology Group Department of EcologyUniversidad Autonoma de Madrid(TEG-UAM)MadridSpain Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidady Cambio Global Universidad Autonoma de Madrid(CIBC-UAM)MadridSpain Ecology Department/IMEM“Ramon Margalef” Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain

Parental food provisioning is crucial for the growth and survival of *** rate depends on food quality and food supplied to offspring may differ from what adults use for their *** the case of steppe passerine birds,detailed characterization on nestling dietary composition,as well as prey choice and resource partitioning among species,is a pending *** differences between nestlings and adults remain also largely *** using faecal DNA metabarcoding,we described the diet of nestlings and adults of five shrub-steppe passerine species over the 2017–2019 breeding seasons in central *** also monitored arthropod availability in the field to assess dietary *** expected interspecific dietary differences to limit competition for food resources among sympatric species,as well as parental selection of high quality prey for *** also predicted age-related differences,with nestlings being fed nutrient-rich prey more frequently than *** main arthropod orders provisioned to nestlings were orthoptera,Julida,Araneae and *** of the different species showed high interspecific diet overlap,indicating both a coincidence in growth needs among bird species and no or little limitation of the most profitable resources during the breeding *** of all species showed higher diet richness than nestlings,and age-related differences in prey composition were mainly driven by the selection of the most easily digestible,larger protein-and calcium-rich prey for nestlings,which may favour their rapid growth,and avoiding highly sclerotized and less nutritional prey such as *** study sheds light on the basic ecology and conservation of these declining steppe birds,indicating that interspecific competition may not be a major factor during the breeding *** the current global decline of arthropods,further long-term research would be necessary,along with the implementation of effective conservation measure

关键词： 18S Faecal material Nestling diet Prey choice Resource partitioning

Optimized Convolutional Neural Network Models for Skin Lesion Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2131-2148页

作者： Juan Pablo Villa-Pulgarin Anderson Alberto Ruales-Torres daniel Arias-GarzónMario Alejandro Bravo-ortiz Harold Brayan Arteaga-Arteaga Alejandro Mora-RubioJesus Alejandro Alzate-Grisales Esteban Mercado-Ruiz M.Hassaballah Simon Orozco-Arias Oscar Cardona-morales Reinel Tabares-Soto Department of Electronics and Automation Universidad Autónoma deManizalesManizales170001Colombia SEDMATEC Corporación Universitaria Autónoma de Nari駉Pasto520002Colombia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationSouth Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Department of Computer Science Universidad Autónoma de ManizalesManizales170001Colombia Department of Systems and Informatics Universidad de CaldasManizales170001Colombia

Skin cancer is one of themost severe diseases,andmedical imaging is among themain tools for cancer *** images provide information on the evolutionary stage,size,and location of tumor *** paper focuses on the classification of skin lesion images considering a framework of four experiments to analyze the classification performance of Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)in distinguishing different skin *** CNNs are based on transfer learning,taking advantage of ImageNet ***,in each experiment,different workflow stages are tested,including data augmentation and fine-tuning *** CNN models based on DenseNet-201,Inception-ResNet-V2,and Inception-V3 are proposed and compared using the HAM10000 *** results obtained by the three models demonstrate accuracies of 98%,97%,and 96%,***,the best model is tested on the ISIC 2019 dataset showing an accuracy of 93%.The proposed methodology using CNN represents a helpful tool to accurately diagnose skin cancer disease.

关键词： Deep learning skin lesion convolutional neural network data augmentation transfer learning

Experimental model for the description of the behaviour of a 9-mm projectile at a target

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 67-74页

作者： Patricia morales-Vega daniel Esteban Jaramillo-Arango Jaime Alberto Osorio-Velez David Norena-Blandon Instituto de Fısica Universidad de AntioquiaMedellınColombia

Analysis of crime scenes involving single-fire-gun projectiles requires the determination of the direction of arrival of a projectile at the target and other factors to reconstruct *** movement of a projectile can be analyzed by applying Euler’s equations to a solid symmetrical rigid *** present work starts from a Newtonian reformulation of these equations to show that,in the presence of a gravitational field,the system can be expressed with a complex variable nonlinear equation,where the inclusion of small nutation variables allows us to find possible *** a particular case,we analyzed the movement of a 9-mm projectile fired from distances greater than 1 m to demonstrate that the direction of arrival of the projectile at the target cannot be traced by a stick placed in the target hole,as is usually performed in crime investigations.A series of shots were fired from distances varying between 1 m and 7 *** data were recorded on Riemann planes of projection for the description of nutation and precession motions,allowing the observation of the motion dynamics of the *** show that the direction of arrival at the target can be determined approximately from the analysis of the nutation and precession curves through Riemann planes of *** results presented in this work will allow more accurate judgements to be made in judicial investigations.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic ballistics firearm gyroscopic motion Euler equations nutation precession projectile motion

Antitumor effects of electrochemical treatment

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2013年第2期25卷 223-234页

作者： Héctor Manuel Camué Ciria Maraelys morales González Lisset ortíz zamora Luis Enrique Bergues Cabrales Gustavo Victoriano Sierra González Luciana Oliveira de Oliveira Rodrigo zanella Antonio Carlos Buzaid Orlando Parise Luciana Macedo Brito Cesar Augusto Antunes Teixeira Marina das Neves Gomes Gleyce Moreno Venicio Feo da Veiga Marcos Telló Carla Holandino Research Department National Centre of Applied Electromagnetism Oriente University Pharmacy Department Oriente University Finlay Institute La lisa. La Habana Cuba Veterinary Teaching Hospital Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre Sírio e Libanês Hospital Faculty of Pharmacy Medicine Department Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Professor Paulo de Góes Institute of Microbiology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre

Electrochemical treatment is an alternative modality for tumor treatment based on the application of a low intensity direct electric current to the tumor tissue through two or more platinum electrodes placed within the tumor zone or in the surrounding areas. This treatment is noted for its great effectiveness, minimal invasiveness and local effect. Several studies have been conducted worldwide to evaluate the anfitumoral effect of this therapy. In all these studies a variety of biochemical and physiological responses of tumors to the applied treatment have been obtained. By this reason, researchers have suggested various mechanisms to explain how direct electric current destroys tumor ceils. Although, it is generally accepted this treatment induces electrolysis, electroosmosis and electroporation in tumoral tissues. However, action mechanism of this alternative modality on the tumor tissue is not well understood. Although the principle of Electrochemical treatment is simple, a standardized method is not yet available. The mechanism by which Electrochemical treatment affects tumor growth and survival may represent more complex process. The present work analyzes the latest and most important research done on the electrochemical treatment of tumors. We conclude with our point of view about the destruction mechanism features of this alternative therapy. Also, we suggest some mechanisms and strategies from the thermodynamic point of view for this therapy. In the area of Electrochemical treatment of cancer this tool has been exploited very little and much work remains to be done. Electrochemical treatment constitutes a good therapeutic option for patients that have failed the conventional oncology methods.

关键词： Direct electric current electrochemical treatment antimmoral treatment tumor tumor electrolysis rumor entropy dissipative structure

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Associated to the Epstein-Barr Virus. A Type of Rare Necrotizing Lymphadenitis and Its Differential Diagnosis

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Open Journal of Pathology 2013年第4期3卷 186-192页

作者： Mónica Belinda Romero Guadarrama Oscar daniel Guzmán-Aguilar Adriana Carolina López-Ugalde José Samuel Almeida Navarro Humberto Cruz-ortíz Unidad de Patología Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga” México D.F. México

Introduction: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a specific and self-limited disease;its etiology is unknown. Some causal microorganisms have been proposed. The objective of the present article is to emphasize the clinicopathological characteristics of this disease that has been associated to the Epstein-Barr virus and to compare the histological changes with other types of necrotizing lymphadenopathies. Material and Methods: We studied 32 patients of the Surgical Pathology Service with necrotizing lymphadenitis, diagnosed in the years from 2004 to 2012 to found more cases of this rare disease in our Institution. Patients were 18 women and 14 men with an average age of 37 years. Results: The lymph nodes were cervical and axillary ones, some were associated to autoimmune diseases and no cause was identified in others. One of the cases, was diagnosed as KFD, presented morphological changes characteristic of this disease, such as subcapsular lymphoid follicles, zones with cell debris, epithelioid macrophages, clear-cytoplasm histiocytes, and immunoblast-reactive lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical markers were determined, such as CD20, CD2, CD4, CD8, CD68, lysozyme, CD56, granzyme B and EBER, which demonstrated the presence of B, T lymphocytes, histiocytes and cells positive to EBER. Histological changes in KFD occurred in three stages: proliferative stage, necrotizing, and xanthomatous. It is important to identify the histological stages of the disease because a differential diagnosis must be performed in regard to lymphadenopathies with necrosis and diverse types of lymphomas. Conclusion: We present a case of necrotizing lymphadenitis (KFD) associated to the Epstein-Barr virus and in some cases it is not possible to render a specific diagnosis based on morphologic findings, alone, and a diagnosis of necrotizing lymphadenitis may be used.

关键词： Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Epstein Barr Virus

Glucocorticosteroid therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases: From clinical practice to molecular biology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第36期23卷 6628-6638页

作者： Karen Dubois-Camacho Payton A Ottum daniel Franco-Munoz Marjorie De la Fuente Alejandro Torres-Riquelme David Díaz-Jiménez Mauricio Olivares-morales Gonzalo Astudillo Rodrigo Quera Marcela A Hermoso Innate Immunity Laboratory Immunology ProgramInstitute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversidad de Chile Neuroimmunology Laboratory Immunology ProgramInstitute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversidad de Chile Division of Research Clínica Las Condes Gastroenterology Department Inflammatory Bowel Disease ProgramClínica Las Condes

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs),such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease,are chronic pathologies associated with a deregulated immune response in the intestinal mucosa,and they are triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible *** glucocorticoids(GCs)are widely used as anti-inflammatory therapy in *** the past,patients with moderate or severe states of inflammation received GCs as a first line therapy with an important effectiveness in terms of reduction of the disease activity and the induction of ***,this treatment often results in detrimental side *** downside drove the development of second generation GCs and more precise(non-systemic)drugdelivery *** clinical trials show that most of these new treatments have similar effectiveness to first generation GCs with fewer adverse *** remaining challenge in successful treatment of IBDs concerns the refractoriness and dependency that some patients encounter during GCs treatment.A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying GC response is key to personalizing drug choice for IBDs patients to optimize their response to *** this review,we examine the clinical characteristics of treatment with GCs,followed by an in depth analysis of the proposed molecular mechanisms involved in its resistance and dependence associated with *** thorough analysis of current clinical and biomedical literature may help guide physicians in determining a course of treatment for IBDs patients and identifies important areas needing further study.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Glucocorticoid dependence Glucocorticoid resistance

Maize Gene Regulatory Network for Phenolic Metabolism

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Molecular Plant 2017年第3期10卷 498-515页

作者： Fan Yang Wei Li Nan Jiang Haidong Yu Kengo Morohashi Wilberforce zachary Oumal daniel E. morales-Mantilla Fabio Andres Gomez-Canol Eric Mukundi Luis daniel Prada-Salcedo Roberto Alers Velazquez Jasmin Valentin Maria Katherine Mejia-Guerra John Gray Andrea I. Doseff Erich Grotewold Center for Applied Sciences (CAPS) Department of Molecular Genetics Department of Physiology and Cell Biology Heart and Lung Research Institute Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology (MCDB) Graduate Program Success in Graduate Education (SiGuE) Program The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Toledo Toledo OH 43560 USA

The translation of the genotype into phenotype, represented for example by the expression of genes encod- ing enzymes required for the biosynthesis of phytochemicals that are important for interaction of plants with the environment, is largely carried out by transcription factors （TFs） that recognize specific cis-regulatory elements in the genes that they control. TFs and their target genes are organized in gene regulatory net- works （GRNs）, and thus uncovering GRN architecture presents an important biological challenge necessary to explain gene regulation. Linking TFs to the genes they control, central to understanding GRNs, can be car- ried out using gene- or TF-centered approaches. In this study, we employed a gene-centered approach uti- lizing the yeast one-hybrid assay to generate a network of protein-DNA interactions that participate in the transcriptional control of genes involved in the biosynthesis of maize phenolic compounds including gen- eral phenylpropanoids, lignins, and flavonoids. We identified 1100 protein-DNA interactions involving 54 phenolic gene promoters and 568 TFs. A set of 11 TFs recognized 10 or more promoters, suggesting a role in coordinating pathway gene expression. The integration of the gene-centered network with informa- tion derived from TF-centered approaches provides a foundation for a phenolics GRN characterized by in- terlaced feed-forward loops that link developmental regulators with biosynthetic genes.

关键词： phenylpropanoid flavonoid yeast one-hybrid chromatin immunoprecipitation

Impact of liver enzymes on SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of clinical course of COVID-19

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Liver Research 2021年第1期5卷 21-27页

作者： Fátima Higuera-de la Tijera Alfredo Servín-Caamaño daniel Reyes-Herrera Argelia Flores-López Enrique J.A.Robiou-Vivero Felipe Martínez-Rivera Victor Galindo-Hernández Oscar Chapa-Azuela Alfonso Chávez-morales Victor H.Rosales-Salyano Multidisciplinary Team for the Attention and Care of Patients with COVID-19 Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Internal Medicine Department Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Hepatobiliary and Pancreatology Clinic Surgery DepartmentHospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico Intensive Care Unit Hospital General de México Dr.Eduardo LiceagaMexico CityMexico

Background and aim Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the virus responsible for the current pandemic,can have multi-organ *** studies show that liver injury could be a manifestation of the disease,and that liver disease could also be related to a worse *** aim was to compare the characteristics of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)due to SARS-CoV-2 who required intubation versus stable hospitalized patients to identify the early biochemical predictive factors of a severe course of COVID-19 and subsequent requirement for intubation,specifically in *** This was an observational case-control study nested in a cohort *** medical records of patients admitted for confirmed COVID-19 at a tertiary level center in Mexico City were *** and biochemical data were collected,and the characteristics of patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV)(cases)were compared with stable hospitalized patients without ventilation(controls).Results We evaluated 166 patients with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection;114(68.7%)were men,the mean age was 50.6±13.3 years,and 27(16.3%)required *** comparative analysis between cases and controls showed(respectively)significantly lower blood oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))(73.5±12.0%vs.83.0±6.8%,Portant factors at admission predicting the requirement for IMV during hospitalization for COVID-19 were AST≥250 IU/L(odds ratio(OR)=64.8,95%confidence interval(CI)7.5–560.3,P<0.0001)and D-dimer≥3500 ng/mL(OR=4.1,95

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Liver enzymes D-dimer Disease severity Invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV) Multi-organ failure