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Antimicrobial lipids:Emerging effector molecules of innate host defense

World Journal of Immunology 2015年第2期5卷 51-61页

作者： Edith Porter daniel C ma Sandy Alvarez Kym F Faull Department of Biological Sciences California State University Los Angeles Department of Medicine Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los Angeles University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Pasarow mass Spectrometry Laboratory David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles

The antimicrobial properties of host-derived derived lipids have become increasingly recognized and evidence is mounting that antimicrobial lipids （AMLs）, like antimicrobial peptides, are effector molecules of the innate immune system and are regulated by its conserved pathways. This review, with primary focus on the human body, provides some background on the biochemistry of lipids, summarizes their biological functions, expands on their antimicrobial properties and site-specifc composition, presents modes of synergism with antimicrobial peptides, and highlights the more recent reports on the regulation of AML production as well as bacterial resistance mechanisms. Based on extant data a concept of innate epithelial defense is proposed where epithelial cells, in response to microbial products and proinflammatory cytokines and through activation of conserved innate signaling pathways, increase their lipid uptake and up-regulate transcription of enzymes involved in antimicrobial lipid biosynthesis, and induce transcription of antimicrobial peptides as well as cytokines and chemokines. The subsequently secreted antimicrobial peptides and lipids then attack and eliminate the invader, assisted by or in synergism with other antimicrobial molecules delivered by other defense cells that have been recruited to the site of infection, in most of the cases. This review invites reconsideration of the interpretation of cholesteryl ester accumulation in macrophage lipid droplets in response to infection as a solely proinflammatory event, and proposes a direct antimicrobial role of lipid droplet- associated cholesteryl esters. Finally, for the interested, but new- to- the-feld investigator some starting points for the characterization of AMLs are provided. Before it is possible to utilize AMLs for anti-infectious therapeutic and prophylactic approaches, we need to better understand pathogen responses to these lipids and their role in the pathogenesis of chronic infectious disease.

关键词： Atopic dermatitis Cholesterol Infectious disease Cystic fbrosis Mucosa

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Carbon-neutral pathway to mitigating transport-power grid cross-sector effects

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 27-29页

作者： Jing ma Huiwen Kong Jianxiao Wang Haiwang Zhong Bo Li Jie Song daniel M.Kammen State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Ordos Research Institute of Energy Ordos 017000China State Key Laboratory of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Electrical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Industrial Engineering and management College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Energy and Resources Group and Goldman School of Public PolicyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Dear Editor,The growing demand for transportation energy has brought increasing challenges to reducing greenhouse gas ***,many countries or regions have proposed solutions to achieve carbon-neutral transportation such as the rapid expansion of the global electric vehicle(EV)***,these benefits are not *** the goal of decarbonization in electricity is achieved,the“pseudo net zero emissions”effect of the transportation sector will inevitably be accompanied by a quiet shifting of carbon responsibility.1 This shift is undoubtedly fatal for both net zero emissions at the national level and carbon responsibility at the industry level;however,the corresponding effects have not yet been clarified.

关键词： neutral doubt shifting

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Characterization of Arroyo Verde Epithermal Deposit:Paragenesis,Mineral Geochemistry,Geochronology and Fluid Inclusions in Lower Chon Aike Volcanism,Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 62-84页

作者： Cecilia Pavón Pivetta Leonardo Benedini Paulo marcos ma.Agustina Cócola Mercedes Virginia Barros daniel Gregori Leonardo Strazzere Anderson Costa dos Santos mauro C.Geraldes Instituto Geologico del Sur(INGEOSUR) Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Dpto.de Geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiologia y GeologiaGeneral Roca 8332Argentina Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaDepartamento de Mineralogia e Petrologia igneaRiodeJaneiro20559-900Brazil Geobiotec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiro 3800-002Portuga

Arroyo Verde epithermal deposit,in the North Patagonia region of Argentina,is located within the Lower Chon Aike volcanism and is developed between 192.6±2.5 ma(mineralization host rock)and 189.5±2.6 ma(overlying lava).marifil volcanic complex is the host rock for these veins,veinlets and *** particular small deposit has developed low to intermediate sulphidation characteristics,with gangue mineral textures associated with several ore *** probe microanalysis determines electrum,silver minerals such as acanthite,and tetrahedrite,related Ag-Cu minerals like jalpaite,mckinstryite,stromeyerite,and base metals like chalcopyrite,sphalerite,galena and *** inclusions in quartz of two out of five events indicate that these Low Jurassic veins were formed due to subtle boiling and dilution mechanisms and by low-salinity(3.4 wt.%to 6.7 wt.%NaCl Eq)magmatic-hydrothermal fluid at 225 to 310℃.The fluid inclusion measurements that indicate boiling(Event 3)were plotted,and based on this data,we interpret that the Arroyo Verde deposit has been eroded between 550 and 700 *** particular character has not been previously recorded for other sectors of the eastern north Patagonian region.

关键词： epithermal deposit Ag minerals mineral geochemistry fluid inclusions Chon Aike geochronology

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Probabilistic analysis of tunnel face seismic stability in layered rock masses using Polynomial Chaos Kriging metamodel

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2678-2693页

作者： Jianhong man Tingting Zhang Hongwei Huang daniel Dias Department of Geotechnical Engineering Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China Grenoble Alpes 3SR LabCNRS UMR 5521Grenoble38000France

Face stability is an essential issue in tunnel design and *** rock masses are typical and ubiquitous;uncertainties in rock properties always *** view of this,a comprehensive method,which combines the Upper bound Limit analysis of Tunnel face stability,the Polynomial Chaos Kriging,the Monte-Carlo Simulation and Analysis of Covariance method(ULT-PCK-ma),is proposed to investigate the seismic stability of tunnel faces.A two-dimensional analytical model of ULT is developed to evaluate the virtual support force based on the upper bound limit *** efficient probabilistic analysis method PCK-ma based on the adaptive Polynomial Chaos Kriging metamodel is then implemented to investigate the parameter uncertainty *** input parameters,including geological strength indices,uniaxial compressive strengths and constants for three rock formations,and the horizontal seismic coefficients,are treated as random *** effects of these parameter uncertainties on the failure probability and sensitivity indices are *** addition,the effects of weak layer position,the middle layer thickness and quality,the tunnel diameter,the parameters correlation,and the seismic loadings are investigated,*** results show that the layer distributions significantly influence the tunnel face probabilistic stability,particularly when the weak rock is present in the bottom *** efficiency of the proposed ULT-PCK-ma is validated,which is expected to facilitate the engineering design and construction.

关键词： Tunnel face stability Layered rock masses Polynomial Chaos Kriging(PCK) Sensitivity index Seismic loadings

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Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator

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National Science Review 2024年第03期11卷 128-136页

作者：吴雨 Stephen Pates daniel Pauly 张兴亮傅东静 State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environment Department of Geology Northwest University Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Despite the importance of ontogenetic data on early diverging euarthropods to our understanding of the ecology and evolution of past life, the data are distinctly lacking, as reconstructing life histories of fossil animals is often challenging. Here we report the growth trajectory of frontal appendages of the apex predator Amplectobelua symbrachiata, one of the most common radiodont arthropods from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota(c. 520 ma) of China. Analysis of 432 specimens(9.1–137.1 mm length; 1.3–25.6 mm height) reveals that appendages grew isometrically, with an estimated maximum size of the whole animal of c. 90 cm. Individuals grew rapidly compared to extant arthropods, as assessed using the electronic length-frequency analysis(ELEFAN) approach. Therefore, we show that the Cambrian apex predator A. symbrachiata was an extremely fast-growing arthropod, with an unusual life history strategy that formed as part of the escalatory ‘arms race’ that shaped the Cambrian explosion over 500 ma.

关键词： stem-group Euarthropoda Radiodonta post-embryonic development growth dynamics Cambrian Explosion

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Analysis of the Role of Syntactic Complexity in Students’ Reading Comprehension: A Teacher’s Perspective

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第8期8卷 253-264页

作者： ma.Leticia Jose C.Basilan daniel Reds G.De Sagun DepEd Batangas Province BatangasPhilippines Batangas State University BatangasPhilippines Rizal College of Taal Taal BatangasBatangasPhilippines

This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of *** the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the main data-gathering *** language teachers from Coral na Munti National High School were selected as the respondents of the *** of the study suggests that the syntactic complexity of the text affects the reading comprehension of the *** found it challenging to understand the message that the author conveyed if he or she used a large number of phrases and clauses in one ***,the complex sentence syntactic structure was deemed the most challenging for students to *** overcome said challenges in comprehending text,various reading intervention programs were utilized by *** interventions include focused or targeted instruction and the implementation of the Project Dear,suggested by the Department of *** programs were proven to help students improve their comprehension as well as their knowledge in syntactical structure of *** study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate reading materials and implementing suitable reading intervention programs to enhance students’comprehension skills.

关键词： Reading comprehension Syntactic complexity Reading intervention program Syntactic structure

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诱导型腹水综合征肉鸡心肌的病理变化与增殖

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中国兽医科学 2017年第8期47卷 1067-1072页

作者：康振龙乔娜李耀梁家娣 daniel ma 张帅唐兆新李英华南农业大学兽医学院广东广州510642

为探索诱导型腹水综合征肉鸡心脏的病理变化与心肌细胞增殖之间的关系,将20日龄白羽肉鸡分成对照组(静脉注射肝素钠生理盐水,n=30)和试验组(静脉注射含纤维素微粒的肝素钠生理盐水,n=90)。自注射纤维素微粒后,记录腹水综合征(AS)发病率... 详细信息

为探索诱导型腹水综合征肉鸡心脏的病理变化与心肌细胞增殖之间的关系,将20日龄白羽肉鸡分成对照组(静脉注射肝素钠生理盐水,n=30)和试验组(静脉注射含纤维素微粒的肝素钠生理盐水,n=90)。自注射纤维素微粒后,记录腹水综合征(AS)发病率,并于肉鸡42日龄时取样,测定右心室重量与全心室重量之比(mrv/mtv)、红细胞压积(PCV)以及血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)活性浓度和肌酸激酶(CK)活性浓度;右心室组织常规苏木精—伊红染色,并运用实时荧光定量PCR测定右心室组织PCNA和Ki-67的表达量。结果,与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡AS发病率、mrv/mtv值、PCV及血清中AST活性浓度和CK活性浓度显著增高(P<0.01);试验组肉鸡的右心室明显扩张,心肌细胞出现水肿现象,但PCNA和Ki-67的m RNA表达量无明显变化。上述结果表明,诱导型腹水综合征肉鸡心脏产生了严重的病理变化,但心肌所产生的这种病变与细胞的增殖无关。

关键词：腹水综合征肉鸡心脏 PCNA Ki-67

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Winners ofthe 2017 Thats PRD Smartphone Photography Contest

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2017年第5期 12-16页

作者： Su Zhenjie Sandy Bergeron John Eas Sorasak Bunrod Mio Hu max Bradshaw Grace Guan Eric Mehlbrech Serena Shih Kevin Lee daniel ma Dominique Lila Sue Francis Christian Saavedra 不详

Our first That's smartphone photography contest drew hundreds of competitive submissions that captured everything from rolling green hills in Inner Mongolia to ethnic minority groups in northern *** 14 photos featured here were voted by you,our readers,as the best images in a variety of genres.A special thanks to Huawei for equipping our top winners with PIO smartphones and to everyone who joined in our first photo contest!

关键词： everyone smart hundreds

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Multi-soliton solutions of coupled Lakshmanan-Porsezian-daniel equations with variable coefficients under nonzero boundary conditions

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 137-152页

作者：赵会超马雷诺解西阳 Department of mathematics and Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy TechnologyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China

This paper aims to investigate the multi-soliton solutions of the coupled Lakshmanan–Porsezian–daniel equations with variable coefficients under nonzero boundary *** equations are utilized to model the phenomenon of nonlinear waves propagating simultaneously in non-uniform optical *** analyzing the Lax pair and the Riemann–Hilbert problem,we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics and interactions of solitons of this ***,we study the impacts of group velocity dispersion or the fourth-order dispersion on soliton *** appropriate parameter selections,we observe various nonlinear phenomena,including the disappearance of solitons after interaction and their transformation into breather-like solitons,as well as the propagation of breathers with variable periodicity and interactions between solitons with variable periodicities.

关键词： soliton Riemann-Hilbert problem non-zero boundary conditions coupled Lakshmanan-Porsezian-daniel equation

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Low-temperature replacement construction of three-dimensional corrosion-resistant interface for deeply rechargeable Zn metal batteries

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Nano materials Science 2024年第3期6卷 329-336页

作者： Jinze Li daniel Rohrens Gianluca Dalfollo Xiaochao Wu Ziheng Lu Qiang Gao Bo Han Ruimin Sun Chenggang Zhou Jindi Wang Zhao Cai Faculty of materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen52074Germany Microsoft Research AI4Science Beijing10080China Institute of New Energy on Chemical Storage and Power Sources College of Applied Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringYancheng Teachers UniversityYancheng224000China

Aqueous Zn batteries are promising candidates for grid-scale renewable energy *** electrodes have been widely investigated and applied as anode materials for aqueous Zn batteries,however,they suffer from limited surface area and severe interfacial issues including metallic dendrites and corrosion side reactions,limiting the depth of discharge(DOD)of the foil electrode ***,a low-temperature replacement reaction is utilized to in-situ construct a three-dimensional(3D)corrosion-resistant interface for deeply rechargeable Zn foil ***,the deliberate low-temperature environment controlled the replacement rate between polycrystalline Zn metal and oxalic acid,producing a Zn foil electrode with distinct 3D corrosion-resistant interface(3DCI-Zn),which differed from conventional two-dimensional(2D)protective structure and showed an order of magnitude higher surface ***,the 3DCI-Zn electrode exhibited dendrite-free and anticorrosion properties,and achieved stable plating/stripping performance for 1000 h at 10 ma cm^(-2)and 10 mah cm^(-2)with a remarkable DOD of 79%.After pairing with a MnO2cathode with a high areal capacity of 4.2 mah cm^(-2),the pouch cells delivered 168 Wh L^(-1)and a capacity retention of 89.7%after 100 cycles with a low negative/positive(N/P)ratio of 3:1.

关键词： Aqueous batteries Foil electrodes Depth of discharge Dendrites Corrosion side reactions

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