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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg daniel l.barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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Disaster Risk Resilience:Conceptual Evolution,Key Issues,and Opportunities

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第3期13卷 330-341页

作者： Marie-Hélène Graveline daniel Germain Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement(ISE) Universitédu QuébecàMontréalMontréalH3C 3P8Canada Department of Geography Universitédu QuébecàMontréalMontréalH3C 3P8Canada

Resilience has become a cornerstone for risk management and disaster ***,it has evolved extensively both etymologically and conceptually in time and across scientific *** concept has been(re)shaped by the evolution of research and practice *** the opposite of vulnerability for a long time,resilience was first defined as the ability to resist,bounce back,cope with,and recover quickly from the impacts of *** avoid the possible return to conditions of vulnerability and exposure to hazards,the notions of post-disaster development,transformation,and adaptation(build back better)and anticipation,innovation,and proactivity(bounce forward)were then ***,resilience is characterized by a multitude of components and several *** present a selection of 25 components used to define resilience,and an interesting linkage emerges between these components and the dimensions of risk management(prevention,preparedness,response,and recovery),offering a perspective to strengthen resilience through the development of *** its potential,resilience is subject to challenges regarding its operationalization,effectiveness,measurement,credibility,equity,and even its ***,it offers applicability and opportunities for local communities as well as an interdisciplinary look at global challenges.

关键词： Community Disaster risk Resilience Sustainable development

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Policy Iteration Algorithms for Zero-Sum Stochastic Differential Games with long-Run Average Payoff Criteria

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2014年第4期2卷 395-421页

作者： Josédaniel lópez-Barrientos Faculty of Actuarial Sciences Universidad Ana´huacMe´xico NorteHuixquilucanMexico

This paper studies the policy iteration algorithm(PIA)for zero-sum stochastic differential games with the basic long-run average criterion,as well as with its more selective version,the so-called bias *** system is assumed to be a nondegenerate *** use lyapunov-like stability conditions that ensure the existence and boundedness of the solution to certain Poisson *** also ensure the convergence of a sequence of such solutions,of the corresponding sequence of policies,and,ultimately,of the PIA.

关键词： Ergodic payoff criterion Zero-sum stochastic differential games Policy iteration algorithm Nondegenerate diffusions Poisson equation Schäl convergence Bias game

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Drag reducing nose fairings for existing freight train locomotives

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Advances in Aerodynamics 2022年第1期4卷 780-797页

作者： Chad l.Stucki daniel Maynes Corvid Technologies MooresvilleNC28115USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT84602USA

At cruising speed,one of the most significant contributing factors to train fuel consumption is aerodynamic drag,and the leading locomotive experiences much more drag than any other car in the *** work reports on the drag reduction that can be realized by the use of add-on nose fairings that are deployed on leading locomotives in a train *** types of fairing shapes were considered and all fairing walls are *** is anticipated that the fairing shapes would result from the deployment of easily stowed panels in an origami inspired *** of the fairing shapes has the appearance of a wedge and the other fairing is also wedge shaped,but with flow directing side wall *** each general fairing shape,the important dimensions were parametrically varied in a systematic manner to identify the dimensions that yield maximum drag *** the first shape,45 different scenarios were considered;for the second shape,15 were considered.A steady commercial computational fluid dynamic solver was employed to solve the flow field and locomotive drag for each of the *** best performing wedge-shaped fairing reduced the leading locomotive drag by nominally 14%and the best performing fairing shape with the side walls reduced the drag by 17%.

关键词： Drag reduction Front-fairing Origami locomotive

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Early Paleogene stratigraphic sequences,mammalian evolution and its response to environmental changes in Erlian Basin,Inner Mongolia,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 1918-1926页

作者： Christopher K.BEARD daniel l.GEBO Section of Vertebrate Paleontology Carnegie Museum of Natural History4400 Forbes AvenuePittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Anthropology Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA

Paleogene strata in the Huheboerhe area,Erlian Basin,Inner Mongolia,China have been subdivided into three lithological units:the Nomogen Formation,the Arshanto Formation,and the Irdin Manha *** least 12 mammal-bearing horizons have been recognized in these formations,of which 4 in the Nomogen Formation,6 in the Arshanto Formation,and 2 in the Irdin Manha *** investigation proved that the "Houldjin Formation" recognized in this area by the Central Asiatic Expeditions(CAE) of the American Museum Natural History in the 1920s is actually the Irdin Manha Formation,while the "Irdin Manha Formation" of CAE is the Arshanto Formation.A recent paleomagnetic study suggests that the upper part of the Nomogen Formation is early Eocene in age and the Arshanto Formation is mainly early Eocene rather than middle Eocene as previously *** Gashatan,Bumbanian,and Arshantan land mammal ages are correlated respectively to the Thanetian,the early Ypresian,and the middle Ypresian through earliest lutetian of the Geological Time *** land mammal ages are also correlated with the late Tiffanian through Clarkforkian,the early Wasatchian,and the middle-late Wasatchian and most of the Bridgerian of the North American land Mammal *** the early Paleogene,the mammalian history of the Erlian Basin was dominated by the appearance of new mammalian families and the replacement of a variety of genera and species,corresponding to the gradual climatic changes during this time *** abrupt emergence of several modern mammalian orders at the beginning of the Eocene is probably related to extreme climatic warming in relation to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.

关键词： Erlian Basin Paleogene mammal faunal turnover biochronology environmental response

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