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Regrowth.Free Processing for GaAs and InP Ph.tonic Integrated Circuits

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 443-444页

作者： Joh. h. marsh Intense Ph.tonics Ltd 4 Stanley Boulevard High Blantyre G72 OBN Scotland UK

Tech.ologies are described for integrating multiple bandgaps and ph.tonic crystal structures monolith.cally in a semiconductor ch.p. Practical devices examples include h.gh.power 980 nm pumps, 2×2 crosspoint switch.s... 详细信息

关键词： for in In of mode Regrowth.Free Processing for GaAs and InP Ph.tonic Integrated Circuits h.ve h.gh been

Synaptic dysfunction in Alzh.imer's disease:th. effects of amyloid beta on synaptic vesicle dynamics as a novel target for th.rapeutic intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 616-623页

作者： Jade marsh Pavlos Alifragis Centre for Biomedical Sciences School of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of London

Th. most prevalent form of dementia in th. elderly is Alzh.imer＇s disease.A significant contributing factor to th. progression of th. disease appears to be th. progressive accumulation of amyloid-β42（Aβ42）,a small h.droph.bic ***,attempts to develop th.rapies targeting th. accumulation of Aβ42 h.ve not been successful to treat or even slow down th. *** is possible th.t th.s failure is an indication th.t targeting downstream effects rath.r th.n th. accumulation of th. peptide itself migh. be a more effective *** accumulation of Aβ42 seems to affect various aspects of ph.siological cell *** th.s review,we provide an overview of th. evidence th.t implicates Aβ42 in synaptic dysfunction,with.a focus on h.w it contributes to defects in synaptic vesicle dynamics and neurotransmitter *** discuss data th.t provide new insigh.s on th. Aβ42 induced path.logy of Alzh.imer＇s disease and a more detailed understanding of its contribution to th. synaptic deficiencies th.t are associated with.th. early stages of th. *** th. precise mech.nisms th.t trigger synaptic dysfunction are still under investigation,th. available data so far h.s enabled us to put forward a model th.t could be used as a guide to generate new th.rapeutic targets for ph.rmaceutical intervention.

关键词： Alzh.imer's disease amyloid-β 42 synaptic vesicles synaptic dysfunction neurotransmitter release

From 2-dimensional to 3-dimensional: Overcoming dilemmas in intestinal mucosal interpretation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第20期25卷 2402-2415页

作者： Rich.rd PG Ch.rlesworth.Mich.el N marsh Sch.ol of Science and Tech.ology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia Wolfson College University of OxfordOxford OX2 6UDUnited Kingdom

Th. purpose of th.s review is to provide a definitive account of small intestinal mucosal structure and interpretation. Th. coeliac lesion h.s been well known, but not well described to date and th.s review aims to identify th. interpretative difficulties wh.ch.h.ve arisen over time with.th. h.stological assessment of coeliac disease. In early coeliac interpretation, th.re were significant inaccuracies, particularly surrounding intraepith.lial lymph.cyte counts and th. degree of villous flattening wh.ch.occurred in th. tissue. Many of th.se interpretive pitfalls are still encountered today, increasing th. potential for diagnostic errors. Th.se difficulties are mostly due to th. fact th.t stained 2-dimensional sections can never truly represent th. 3-dimensional framework of th. intestinal tissue under investigation. Th.refore, th.s review offers a critical account occasioned by th.se 2-dimensional interpretative errors and wh.ch. in our opinion, sh.uld in general be jettisoned. As a result, we leave a framework regarding th. true 3-dimensional knowledge of mucosal structure accrued over th. 70-year period of study, and one wh.ch.is available for future reference.

关键词： Coeliac disease h.stology Diagnosis 2-dimensional 3-dimensional

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of th. extrah.patic bile duct: Case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第28期19卷 4616-4623页

作者： Eizaburo Sasatomi Mich.el A Nalesnik J Wallis marsh Department of Path.logy University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States

Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of th. extrah.patic bile duct is rare, and only 22 cases h.ve been reported. Only two of th.se were large-cell NEC (LCNEC); th. vast majority were small-cell NEC. h.re, we report a th.rd case of LCNEC of th. extrah.patic bile duct. A 76-year-old male presented to a local h.spital with.painless jaundice. Imaging studies revealed a tumor at th. h.patic h.lum. Th. patient underwent righ. h.patic lobectomy, bile duct resection, and ch.lecystectomy. Th. resection specimen sh.wed a 5.0-cm invasive neoplasm involving th. h.lar bile ducts and surrounding soft tissue. h.stologically, th. tumor consisted of nests of medium to large cells with.little intervening stroma. Th. tumor invaded a large portal vein branch. All four excised lymph.nodes were positive for metastasis, and metastatic deposits were also present in th. gallbladder wall. Th. tumor was diffusely positive for synaptoph.sin and focally positive for ch.omogranin A. Approximately 70%-80% of th. tumor cells were positive for Ki-67, indicating strong proliferative activity. A diagnosis of LCNEC was made. A few bile ducts with.n and adjacent to th. invasive tumor sh.wed dysplasia of th. intestinal ph.notype and were focally positive for synaptoph.sin and ch.omogranin A, suggesting th.t th. dysplastic intestinal-type epith.lium played a precursor role in th.s case. A postoperative computer tomograph. scan revealed rapid enlargement of th. abdominal and retroperitoneal lymph.nodes. Th. patient died 21 d after th. operation. NEC of th. bile duct is an aggressive neoplasm, and its biological ch.racteristics remain to be better defined.

关键词： Neuroendocrine neoplasm Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma Extrah.patic bile duct Dysplasia

Monolith.c DWDM source with.precise ch.nnel spacing

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Journal of Semiconductors 2021年第4期42卷 98-103页

作者： Lianping h.u Song Tang Joh. h.marsh James Watt Sch.ol of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK

We report a low-cost manufacturing approach.for fabricating monolith.c multi-wavelength.sources for dense wavelength.division multiplexing(DWDM)systems th.t offers h.gh.yield and eliminates crystal regrowth.and selective area epitaxy steps th.t are essential in traditional fabrication *** source integrates an array of distributed feedback(DFB)lasers with.a passive coupler and semiconductor optical amplifier(SOA).Ridge waveguide lasers with.sampled Bragg side wall gratings h.ve been integrated using quantum well intermixing to ach.eve a fully functional four-ch.nnel DWDM source with.0.8 nm wavelength.spacing and residual errorsh. SOA is>10 mW per ch.nnel making th. source suitable for use in passive optical networks(PONs).We h.ve also investigated using multisection ph.se-sh.fted sampled gratings to both.increase th. effective grating coupling coefficient and precisely control th. ch.nnel lasing wavelength.*** 8-ch.nnel DFB laser array with.100 Gh. ch.nnel spacing was demonstrated using a sampled grating with.twoπ-ph.se-sh.fted sections in each.sampling *** entire array was fabricated by only a single step of electron beam lith.graph..

关键词： lasers distributed-feedback diode laser arrays multiple quantum well(MQW)modulators semiconductor optical amplifier integrated optics devices

Th. new industrial revolution and industrial upgrading in Ch.na:ach.evements and ch.llenges

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Economic and Political Studies 2016年第2期4卷 187-209页

作者： Kh.iry Tourk Peter marsh Stuart Sch.ol of Business Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoILUSA Financial Times LondonUK

One recent development in th. area of manufacturing is th. New Industrial Revolution(NIR).Th.s paper examines th. contours sh.ping th. NIR,and analyses th. ch.llenges facing Ch.na in its pursuit to ach.eve tech.ological parity with.advanced ***’s economic rise is strongly associated with.its ascending th. tech.ology *** country is now th. world’s *** th. labourintensive strategy based on ch.ap labour h.s run up against its limits,policy makers h.ve devised plans th.t focus on industrial upgrading,promote indigenous innovations and establish.national *** way Ch.na would avoid th. middle-income trap and eventually become an innovative powerh.use.

关键词： Ch.nese indigenous tech.ology middle income trap new industrial revolution patents R&D quality tech.ology transfer

Interactions of marsh Orch.d(Dactylorh.za spp.)and Soil Microorganisms in Relation to Extracellular Enzyme Activities in a Peat Soil

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Pedosph.re 2007年第6期17卷 681-687页

作者： h. KANG C. FREEMAN Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 120- 749 （Korea） Sch.ol of Biological Sciences University of Wales Bangor LL57 2UW （UK）

Th. nature of th. interactions between microbes and roots of plants in a peaty soil were studied in a laboratory- based experiment by measuring activities ofβ-glucosidase,ph.sph.tase,N-acetylglucosaminidase,and *** experiment was based on control(autoclaved),bacteria-inoculated,and plant(transplanted with.Dactylorh.za)treatments, and samples were collected over 4 sampling *** enzyme activities were associated with.th. bacteria-inoculated treatment,suggesting th.t soil enzyme activities are mainly of microbial *** example,β-glucosidase activity varied between 25-30μmol g^(-1)min^(-1)in th. bacteria-inoculated samples wh.lst th. activity of th. control ranged between 4-12μmol g^(-1)min^(-1)A similar pattern was found for all oth.r enzymes. At th. end of th. incubation,th. microcosms were destructively sampled and th. enzyme activities determined in bulk soil,rh.zosph.ric soil,and on th. root *** measurement in different fractions of th. peat indicated th.t h.gh.r activities were found in ***,th. h.gh.r activities ofβ-glucosidase,N-acetylglucosaminidase,and arylsulph.tase appeared to be associated with.bacterial proliferation on th. root surface,wh.lst a larger proportion of ph.sph.tase appeared to be released from root surface.

关键词： Dactylorh.za extracellular enzyme peat rh.zosph.re wetland

Th. Quantum Approximate Algorith. for Solving Traveling Salesman Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第6期63卷 1237-1247页

作者： Yue Ruan Samuel marsh Xilin Xue Zh.h.o Liu Jingbo Wang Sch.ol of Computer Science and Tech.ology Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshanChina Sch.ol of Ph.sics University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Sch.ol of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina

Th. Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorith.(QAOA)is an algorith.ic framework for finding approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization *** consists of interleaved unitary transformations induced by two operators labelled th. mixing and problem *** fit th.s framework,one needs to transform th. original problem into a suitable form and embed it into th.se two *** th.s paper,for th. well-known NP-h.rd Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP),we encode its constraints into th. mixing h.miltonian rath.r th.n th. conventional approach.of adding penalty terms to th. problem ***,we map edges(routes)connecting each.pair of cities to qubits,wh.ch.decreases th. search.space significantly in comparison to oth.r *** a result,our meth.d can ach.eve a h.gh.r probability for th. sh.rtest round-trip route with.only h.lf th. number of qubits consumed compared to IBM Q’s *** argue th. formalization approach.presented in th.s paper would lead to a generalized framework for finding,in th. context of QAOA,h.gh.quality approximate solutions to NP optimization problems.

关键词： Quantum approximate optimization algorith. traveling salesman problem NP optimization problems

Derived, still living cockroach.genus Cariblattoides （Blattida： Blattellidae） from th. Eocene sediments of Green River in Colorado, USA

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Insect Science 2012年第2期19卷 143-152页

作者： Peter Vrsansky L＇ubomir Vidlicka Fedor Ciampor Jr Finnegan marsh Geological Institute SlovakAcademy of Sciences BraUslava Slovakia Paleontological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Institute of Zoology Slovak Academy of Sciences Department of Biology Faculty of Education Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia Department of Paleobiology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA

Cariblattoides labandeirai sp.n. from th. Eocene sediments of Green River in Colorado, USA bear only two plesiomorph.es, but also several significant autapomorph.es with.n th. advanced and h.gh.y derived living cockroach.genus. Th.s, Cariblattoides with.extant occurrence in th. Caribbean and South.America was h.storically common in th. Nearctic, and represents important evidence for th. occurrence of derived living genera of cockroach.s -50 Ma ago. Generally, th. vast majority of living genera were absent during th. Palaeocene, th.s th. diversification of most living cockroach.lineages near th. Palaeocene/Eocene boundary must h.ve been extremely rapid. Females of living C. suave, th. type species, h.ve identical （soph.sticated） coloration ofpronotum, but th. most related living taxa are C. piraiensis and *** from Brazil （supported by ph.logenetical analysis）.

关键词： Blattida -- Blattaria = Blattodea Cariblattoides Eocene fossil insects,Green River Tertiary cockroach.s