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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang Hu Jiao dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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Peripheral blood RNA biomarkers can predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1764-1775页

作者： Zhenzhong Zheng Jialin Chen Jinghong Xu Bin Jiang Lei Li Yawei Li Yuliang dai Bing Wang Department of Spine Surgery The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common cause of spinal cord injury,with longer symptom duration and higher myelopathy severity indicating a worse *** numerous studies have investigated serological biomarkers for acute spinal cord injury,few studies have explored such biomarkers for diagnosing degenerative cervical *** study involved 30 patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy(51.3±7.3 years old,12 women and 18 men),seven healthy controls(25.7±1.7 years old,one woman and six men),and nine patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(51.9±8.6 years old,three women and six men).Analysis of blood samples from the three groups showed clear differences in transcriptomic *** analysis identified 128 differentially expressed genes that were enriched in patients with neurological *** least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis,we constructed a five-gene model(TBCD,TPM2,PNKD,EIF4G2,and AP5Z1)to diagnose degenerative cervical myelopathy with an accuracy of 93.5%.One-gene models(TCAP and SDHA)identified mild and severe degenerative cervical myelopathy with accuracies of 83.3%and 76.7%,*** of two immune cell types(memory B cells and memory-activated CD4^(+)T cells)predicted levels of lesions in degenerative cervical myelopathy with 80%*** results suggest that peripheral blood RNA biomarkers could be used to predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy.

关键词： biomarkers candidate genes degenerative cervical myelopathy gene expression analysis immune cell types neurological disabilities peripheral blood RNA profiles spinal cord injury

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Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 990-1008页

作者： Lan Zhang Jingge Wei Xilei Liu dai Li Xiaoqi Pang Fanglian Chen Hailong Cao Ping Lei Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Geriatrics Institute Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalNational Key Clinical SpecialtyTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseasesTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesTianjinChina Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institution Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent *** is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of *** microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive *** article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative *** article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial ***,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.

关键词： age aging Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes cognitive decline dementia gut microbiota gut–brain axis microbial metabolites neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease

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不同类型秸秆还田对烟田土壤碳氮矿化的影响

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烟草科技 2016年第3期49卷 10-16页

作者：张继旭张继光申国明王瑞高林李志刚戴衍晨孟贵星向必坤张忠锋中国农业科学院烟草研究所农业部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室山东省青岛市266101 青岛农业大学山东省青岛市266109 湖北省烟草公司恩施州分公司湖北省恩施市445000

为揭示不同类型秸秆还田后烟田土壤碳氮养分的供应能力及潜力,通过室内好氧培养试验,研究了玉米秸秆、烟草秸秆、水稻秸秆及水稻秸秆生物炭对烟田土壤有机碳矿化、有机氮矿化及硝化特征的影响。结果表明:添加1%的不同类型秸秆后,各处理... 详细信息

为揭示不同类型秸秆还田后烟田土壤碳氮养分的供应能力及潜力,通过室内好氧培养试验,研究了玉米秸秆、烟草秸秆、水稻秸秆及水稻秸秆生物炭对烟田土壤有机碳矿化、有机氮矿化及硝化特征的影响。结果表明:添加1%的不同类型秸秆后,各处理土壤的有机碳矿化速率及其累积矿化量的排序为玉米秸秆≥水稻秸秆>烟草秸秆>水稻秸秆生物炭≥对照;添加等量的水稻秸秆生物炭与水稻秸秆相比,土壤的有机碳矿化速率及累积矿化量明显降低。添加不同类型秸秆后,各处理土壤的有机氮矿化速率和硝化速率变化规律一致,均随着培养时间的推进呈现先减少然后缓慢增加再趋于平衡的趋势。而培养前期不同秸秆处理土壤的硝化速率及矿化速率出现负值,这可能与土壤发生反硝化作用及微生物对氮素的固持作用有关。因此,在碳氮比较高的秸秆还田过程中,需要适当添加外源氮肥进行调节,以减缓微生物对氮素的固持作用并利于养分释放。而且秸秆转化为生物炭进行还田,可以起到较好的增碳固氮效果。

关键词：烟田秸秆还田土壤碳矿化氮矿化碳氮比

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Inhibiting SHP2 reduces glycolysis, promotes microglial M1 polarization, and alleviates secondary inflammation following spinal cord injury in a mouse model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 858-872页

作者： Xintian Ding Chun Chen Heng Zhao Bin dai Lei Ye Tao Song Shuai Huang Jia Wang Tao You Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.

关键词： apoptosis glycolysis inflammatory response microglia neurons polarization spinal cord injury Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2

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恩施典型烟田烤烟生长期土壤呼吸变化与碳平衡

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中国烟草科学 2015年第4期36卷 63-69页

作者：戴衍晨王瑞申国明张继光李志刚张继旭刘龙薄国栋高林中国农业科学院烟草研究所农业部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司

采用静态箱—红外CO2分析法研究了烟田垄体土壤呼吸、土壤微生物呼吸和垄间土壤呼吸在烤烟生长期的变化特征以及垄体土壤呼吸组分的贡献率,估算了烤烟生长期烟田生态系统碳平衡。结果表明,受烤烟生长和土壤温度的影响,垄体土壤呼吸速率... 详细信息

采用静态箱—红外CO2分析法研究了烟田垄体土壤呼吸、土壤微生物呼吸和垄间土壤呼吸在烤烟生长期的变化特征以及垄体土壤呼吸组分的贡献率,估算了烤烟生长期烟田生态系统碳平衡。结果表明,受烤烟生长和土壤温度的影响,垄体土壤呼吸速率具有明显的生长期变化特征,还苗期与伸根期土壤呼吸速率增长较慢,后期土壤呼吸速率逐步增大,在移栽后第107天达到最大值C 256.8 mg/(m2·h)。土壤微生物与垄间土壤呼吸速率在烤烟生长期变化较小。垄体土壤呼吸及其组分和垄间土壤呼吸在10 cm土层温度的Q10值大小顺序为:根系呼吸>垄体土壤呼吸>土壤微生物呼吸>垄间土壤呼吸。整个烤烟生长期根系呼吸与土壤微生物呼吸占垄体土壤呼吸的均值分别为44.2%、55.8%,净初级生产力碳固定量C 2975.9 kg/hm2,土壤异养呼吸碳释放量C 1409.1 kg/hm2,烟田生态系统净碳输入C 1566.8 kg/hm2。

关键词：烟田静态箱法土壤呼吸根系呼吸碳平衡

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MET receptor tyrosine kinase promotes the generation of functional synapses in adult cortical circuits

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1431-1444页

作者： Yuehua Cui Xiaokuang Ma Jing Wei Chang Chen Neha Shakir Hitesch Guirram Zhiyu dai Trent Anderson Deveroux Ferguson Shenfeng Qiu Basic Medical Sciences University of Arizona College of Medicine-PhoenixPhoenixAZUSA Department of Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine-PhoenixPhoenixAZUSA

Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse *** have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine *** investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential,we created a knockin mouse line,in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult(10–12 months)cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing *** found that similar to the developing brain,turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection *** findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent *** MET signaling resulted in an increasedα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-Daspartate(AMPA/NMDA)receptor current ratio,indicative of enhanced synaptic function and *** data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult *** findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.

关键词： aging circuit connectivity cortical circuits molecular mechanisms neural regeneration neurodegeneration synapses

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土地整理对烟田土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构的影响

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中国烟草科学 2024年第4期45卷 28-34页

作者：高睿康郑加玉薛琳戴衍晨母婷婷肖志鹏申国明张继光朱启法中国农业科学院烟草研究所青岛266101 青岛农业大学青岛266109 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司安徽宣城242000 湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州烟草公司古丈县分公司湖南古丈416300 湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司湖南衡阳421001

为明确土地整理对烟田土壤理化性质及微生物群落的影响,以皖南杨柳镇烟叶科技园为研究对象,通过对轻度整理(ZT1)、重度整理(ZT2)和不整理(ZCK)3种烟田的土壤进行分析检测,研究其理化性状、细菌群落组成及多样性差异特征。结果表明,与ZC... 详细信息

为明确土地整理对烟田土壤理化性质及微生物群落的影响,以皖南杨柳镇烟叶科技园为研究对象,通过对轻度整理(ZT1)、重度整理(ZT2)和不整理(ZCK)3种烟田的土壤进行分析检测,研究其理化性状、细菌群落组成及多样性差异特征。结果表明,与ZCK相比,土地整理会降低土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,整理强度越大,养分含量越低,但重度整理会提高土壤pH;土地整理会减少土壤大团聚体比例,增加小团聚体比例,降低团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)和团聚体稳定性。土地整理会影响土壤细菌群落多样性及各菌群丰度,与ZCK相比,ZT1的细菌群落丰富度和多样性指数增加,ZT2的多样性指数则呈下降趋势,且轻度整理增加了乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、黄单胞菌属(Xanthomonas)以及豆乳球菌(Lactococcus piscium)等排名前5的细菌优势属及种水平的整体相对丰度。因此,建议在烟田土地整理过程中应尽量以轻度整理为主,若不能避免重度整理,则应采取有效措施降低土地整理对烟田土壤理化性状及微生物的负面影响。

关键词：土地整理烟田土壤pH和养分土壤团聚体细菌群落结构

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秸秆生物炭对烤烟生长发育、土壤有机碳及酶活性的影响

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中国烟草科学 2016年第5期37卷 16-21页

作者：张继旭张继光张忠锋王瑞高林戴衍晨孟贵星王树键马强许倩申国明中国农业科学院烟草研究所农业部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室青岛266101 青岛农业大学青岛266109 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司湖北恩施445000 山东中烟工业有限责任公司济南250014

为探讨秸秆生物炭在植烟土壤的应用效果,通过盆栽试验研究了不同生物炭添加量对烤烟生长发育、土壤有机碳及酶活性的影响。结果表明,土壤中添加适量生物炭（0.2%-1.0%）有助于烤烟的生长发育,表现为株高、叶面积及地上部茎、叶生物量的... 详细信息

为探讨秸秆生物炭在植烟土壤的应用效果,通过盆栽试验研究了不同生物炭添加量对烤烟生长发育、土壤有机碳及酶活性的影响。结果表明,土壤中添加适量生物炭（0.2%-1.0%）有助于烤烟的生长发育,表现为株高、叶面积及地上部茎、叶生物量的增加,而较高的添加量（5.0%）则有抑制作用;但烟株根系发育与此不同,其根系生物量与根冠比随生物炭添加量的增加而增加,其中以添加量5.0%时烤烟根系生物量及根冠比最高。此外,随生物炭添加量的增加,土壤有机碳及活性有机碳含量均呈增加趋势,但活性有机碳的增加效果没有总有机碳明显。土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均随生物炭添加量的增加有不同程度提高,过氧化氢酶活性则下降或变化不大。因此,生物炭施用对烤烟生长发育及土壤生物活性具有重要影响,由于生物炭与土壤的相互作用是一个长期过程,后续还需通过长期定位试验来系统研究其对烟草生长发育的正负效应及其内在机理。

关键词：生物炭烤烟生物量有机碳土壤酶活性

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Multiphysics simulation and optimization of the in-situ beneficiation process of ilmenite minerals from lunar regolith

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 195-207页

作者： Peng ZHANG Xin LIU Guanghui LIU Wei dai Hanzhe YANG Haibo ZHENG Zhi WANG Ran NIU Yifan BAI Yang ZHANG Chengbao LIU Ge YANG Junwei YANG Guang ZHANG Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Hegong Simulation Co. Ltd

The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions. The classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar resources. In this study, we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation method. The scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic properties. Detailed modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted, and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and analyzed. Based on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples, the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated. A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed, and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are investigated. Our results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum speed. Additionally, we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process, showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar ilmenites. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting, processing, and utilizing lunar mineral resources.

关键词： Lunar regolith In-situ resource utilization Magnetic separation Classified sampling

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