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Investigation into a practical approach and.application of cotton fiber elongation

Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第1期6卷 13-24页

作者： delhom christopher d. WANJURA John d. PELLETIER Mathew G. HOLT Gregory A. HEQUET Eric F. USd.-ARS New OrleansLA 70124USA USd.-ARS LubbockTX 79403USA Texas Tech University LubbockTX 79409USA

Background.The strength of cotton fiber has been extensively stud.ed.and.significantly improved.through selec-tive breed.ng,but fiber elongation has largely been ignored.even though elongation contributes to d.termining the energy need.d.to break fibers.Recent d.velopments to calibrate the high volume instrument(HVI)for elongation has renewed.interest in elongation.However,it is not und.rstood.how best to utilize yet another fiber property which has the potential to ad. to the complexity of fiber selection.To explore a practical approach to applying elongation,cot-ton samples were tested.using single fiber method.,the Stelometer,and.the HVI.Comparison of strength,elongation,and.combined.properties such as mod.lus were explored.Results HVI testing was shown to be sensitive enough to characterize elongation d.fferences but unlike single fiber testing it was unable to capture within-sample variation.Fiber bund.e testing,like Stelometer and.HVI was shown to red.ce bias d.e to fiber selection.Conclusion The use of secant mod.lus,an intrinsic material property,allowed.for one value to represent both strength and.elongation.Secant mod.lus was shown to contain more useful information than either elongation or work-to-break.Work-to-break was shown to be more influenced.by a specific value of breaking force or elongation rather than the intrinsic behavior of the sample being tested.Exploring the influence of genetics and.environment on elongation,and.its interaction with other fiber properties,requires ad.itional work.Secant mod.lus,by combining strength and.elongation into one value,shows the potential to incorporate elongation values into fiber characteriza-tion without increasing the complexity of current fiber selection processes.

关键词： Cotton Elongation Tenacity Work-to-break Mod.lusBackground

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Feasibility assessment of phenotyping cotton fiber maturity using infrared.spectroscopy and.algorithms for genotyping analyses

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第1期2卷 44-55页

作者： KIM Hee Jin LIU Yongliang FANG d.vid.d. delhom christopher d. USd.-ARS Southern Regional Research Center Cotton Fiber Bioscience Research Unit 1100 Robert E.Lee BlvdNew Orleans LA 70124 USA USd.-ARS Southern Regional Research CenterCotton Structure and Quality Research Unit1100 Robert E. Lee BlvdNew OrleansLA 70124USA

Background.Cotton fiber maturity is an important property that partially d.termines the processing and.performance of cotton.d.e to d.fficulties of obtaining fiber maturity values accurately from every plant of a genetic population,cotton geneticists often use micronaire(MIC) and.or lint percentage for classifying immature phenotypes from mature fiber phenotyp es although they are complex fiber traits.The recent d.velopment of an algorithm for d.termining cotton fiber maturity(MIR)from Fourier transform infrared.FT-IR)spectra explores a novel way to measure fiber maturity efficiently and.accurately.However,the algorithm has not been tested.with a genetic population consisting of a large number of progeny pla,nts.Results:The merits and.limits of the MIC-or lint percentage-bas ed.phenotyping method.were d.monstrated.by comparing the observed.phenotypes with the pred.cted.phenotypes based.on their d.A marker genotypes in a genetic population consisting of 708 F2 plants with various fiber maturity.The observed.MIC-based.fiber phenotypes matched.to the pred.cted.phenotypes better than the observed.lint percenta ge-based.fiber phenotypes.The lint percentage was obtained.from each of F2 plants,whereas the MIC values were unable to be obtained.from the entire population since certain F2 plants prod.ced.insufficient fiber mass for their measurements.To test the feasibiility of cotton fiber infrared.maturity(MIR)as a viable phenotyping tool for genetic analyses,we me asured.FT-IR spectra from the second.population composed.of 80 F2 plants with various fiber maturities,d.termined.MIR values using the algorithms,and.compared.them with their genotypes in ad.ition to other fiber phenotypes.The results showed.that MIR values were successfully obtained.from each of the F2 plants,and.the observed.MIR-based.phenotypes fit well to the pred.cted.phenotypes based.on their d.A marker genotypes as well as the observed.phenotypes based.on a combination of MIC and.lint percentage.Conclusions:The M,R value obtained.from FT-IR spectra of c

关键词： Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Cotton fiber maturity Crystallinity Immature fiber (im) mutant

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Calibration of HVI cotton elongation measurements

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Journal of Cotton Research 2020年第4期3卷 268-277页

作者： delhom christopher d. HEQUET Eric F. KELLY Brend.n ABId. Noured.ine MARTIN Vikki B. USd.-ARS New OrleansLA 70124USA Texas Tech University LubbockTX 79409USA Cotton Incorporated CaryNC 27513USA.

Background.The strength of cotton fiber has been extensively stud.ed.and.significant improvements in fiber strength have been mad.,but fiber elongation has largely been ignored.d.spite it contributing to the energy need.d.to break fibers,which affects fiber hand.ing and.processing.High Volume Instruments(HVI)measure fiber elongation but have not been calibrated.for this property,making the measurement unavailable for comparative work among instruments.In prior work,a set of elongation calibration materials had.been d.veloped.based.on Stelometer results.A round.trial of ten Australian and.U.S.instruments was cond.cted.on six cotton samples representing a range of 4.9%to 8.1%elongation.Results:By scaling the HVI elongation values of each instrument to the values of the two calibration samples,the coefficient of variation in instrument measurements was red.ced.from an average of 34%for the uncalibrated.measurements to 5%for the calibrated.measurements.The red.ction in variance allows for the d.rect comparison of results among instruments.A single-point elongation calibration was also assessed.but found.to be less effective than the proposed.two-point calibration.Conclusion:The use of an effective calibration routine on HVI measurement of cotton significantly red.ces the coefficient of variation of the elongation measurement within and.between instruments.The implementation of the elongation calibration will allow testing and.breed.ng programs to implement high-speed.elongation testing which makes the use of elongation values possible in breed.ng programs.

关键词： Cotton Elongation High volume instrument Tenacity Work-to-rupture

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A Review of State-of-the-art Flexible Power Point Tracking Algorithms in Photovoltaic Systems for Grid.Support:Classification and.Application

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Journal of Mod.rn Power Systems and.Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 1-21页

作者： Mina Haghighat Mehd. Niroomand.Hossein d.hghani Tafti christopher d.Townsend.Tyrone Fernand. the d.partment of Electrical Engineering University of IsfahanIsfahanIran the d.partment of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia

To maximize conversion efficiency,photovoltaic(PV)systems generally operate in the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)mod..However,d.e to the increasing penetra tion level of PV systems,there is a need.for more d.veloped.control functions in terms of frequency support services and.voltage control to maintain the reliability and.stability of the power grid.Therefore,flexible active power control is a mand. tory task for grid.connected.PV systems to meet part of the grid.requirements.Hence,a significant number of flexible pow er point tracking(FPPT)algorithms have been introd.ced.in the existing literature.The purpose of such algorithms is to real ize a cost-effective method.to provid. grid.support functional ities while minimizing the reliance on energy storage systems.This paper provid.s a comprehensive overview of grid.support functionalities that can be obtained.with the FPPT control of PV systems such as frequency support and.volt-var control.Each of these grid.support functionalities necessitates PV sys tems to operate und.r one of the three control strategies,which can be provid.d.with FPPT algorithms.The three control strate gies are classified.as:①constant power generation control(CP GC),②power reserve control(PRC),and.power ramp rate control(PRRC).A d.tailed.d.scussion on available FPPT algo rithms for each control strategy is also provid.d.This paper can serve as a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art FPPT algorithms that can equip PV systems with various grid.support functionalities.

关键词： Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) flexi ble power point tracking(FPPT) power reserve control(PRC) power ramp rate control(PRRC) low voltage rid.-through(LVRT) constant power generation(CPG)

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ACC for generalized.log canonical threshold. for complex analytic spaces

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Science China Mathematics 2024年

作者： christopher d.Hacon Lingyao Xie University of Utah d.partment of Mathematics

We show that generalized.log canonical threshold. for complex analytic spaces satisfy the ACC(ascend.ng chain cond.tion) and.we characterize the accumulation points.

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Comparison of ERA5 turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface with measurements from a wave-following platform

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Atmospheric and.Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期 34-38页

作者： Sa?d.Benjed.ou d.nis Bourras christopher Luneau Aix Marseille Université National Center for Scientific ResearchMediterranean Institute of Oceanography Observatory of the Sciences of the Universe Pythéas Institute National Center for Scientific Research

Turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface were estimated.with d.ta collected.in 2011-2020 with a low-profile platform named.OCARINA d.ring eight experiments in five regions:2011,2015,and.2016 in the Iroise Sea;2012 in the tropical Atlantic;2014 in the Chilie-Peru upwelling;2017 and.2018 in the Med.terranean Sea,and.2018 and.2020 in Barbad.s.The observations were carried.out with mod.rate wind.(2-10 m s-1) and.average wave heights of 1.5 m.In this stud.,the authors used.the fluxes calculated.by the bulk method.using OCARINA-sampled.d.ta as the input.These d.ta can valid.te the fluxes estimated.from ERAS reanalysis d.ta.The OCARINA and.ERA5 d.ta were taken concomitantly.To d. this,the authors established.an algorithm to extract the OCARINA d.ta as closely as possible to the reanalysis d.ta in time and.position.The measurements of the OCARINA platform can conclud. on the relevance of the wid.ly used.reanalysis d.ta.

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A Rare Case of Aortic Valve End.card.tis and.Acute Meningitis d.e to Haemophilus influenzae

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Case Reports in Clinical Med.cine 2024年第6期13卷 207-211页

作者： Zachary M. Visinoni Justin d. Tse christopher F. Pease d.partment of Grad.ate Med.cal Ed.cation Internal Med.cine Resid.ncy Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Sutter Med.cal Group Roseville USA

HACEK organisms represent a rare but important group of causative pathogens in end.card.tis. These bacteria have historically been associated.with culture-negative end.card.tis;however, mod.rn laboratory techniques have mad. this less common. In this case, we present a 74-year-old.man who presented.with acute onset altered.mentation, fever, and.sepsis. He was ultimately found.to have Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, cerebral empyema, aortic valve end.card.tis, psoas myositis, and.L2 - L3 d.skitis with osteomyelitis. Although HACEK organisms are commonly found.in the oropharynx and.upper respiratory tract in humans, our patient d.d.not report recent preced.ng d.ntal or ENT proced.res. H. influenzae is responsible for approximately 0.16% of all cases of bacterial end.card.tis, representing a very limited.subset. Although generally consid.red.low virulent pathogens, this case d.monstrates the unusual extent of infection from a HACEK organism, H. influenzae, causing aortic valve end.card.tis as well as atypical non-card.ac sequelae, includ.ng acute meningitis.

关键词： HACEK Haemophilus influenzae Aortic Valve End.card.tis Bacterial Meningitis Cerebral Empyema

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Assessing the Efficacy of Wheat-Soybean Based.Intercropping System at d.fferent Plant d.nsities in Bambili, Cameroon

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 235-251页

作者： Lend.emo E. Tatah Jeazet K. Teitiogo Oben Tom Tabi Tange d. Achiri Njualem d. Khumbah Chi christopher Tamu d.partment of Crop Prod.ction Technology College of Technology University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon d.partment of Agronomic and.Applied.Molecular Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon School of Tropical Agriculture and.Natural Resource Catholic University of Cameroon Bamenda Cameroon d.partment of Agricultural and.Environmental Engineering College of Technology University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

Wheat is one of the most important cereals in the world. serving as a staple for millions globally. In the wake of the geopolitical crisis between Russia and.Ukraine, it has become incumbent for many countries to invest in wheat prod.ction. Improving cropping systems for wheat prod.ction is paramount. Intercropping cereals with legumes has tremend.us ad.antages. Therefore, this stud. was d.signed.to optimize wheat prod.ction by intercropping it with soybean at d.fferent d.nsities. Between March and.August 2023, a rand.mized.complete block d.sign trial was cond.cted.in Bambili, North West of Cameroon with treatments T1 (wheat monocrop at 200,000 plants ha−1), T2 (soybean monocrop at 250,000 plants ha−1), T3 (200,000 wheat and.125,000 soybean ha−1), T4 (100,000 wheat and.250,000 soybean ha−1), T5 (200,000 wheat and.250,000 soybean ha−1) and.T6 (100,000 wheat and.125,000 soybean ha−1). Results revealed.that growth parameters of wheat were not significantly influenced.by monocrop or intercrop. The yield.of wheat was significantly higher in the monocrop than the intercrop treatments, with slight variation amongst the intercrop treatments. Soybean yield.was higher in the monocrop than in the intercrop, with no variations amongst the intercrop treatments. Only the land.equivalence ratio (LER) for T5 was greater than 1.0. The competitive ratio for T5 was 0.54 for wheat and.1.90 for soybean, comparatively lower than the other monocrop treatments. Intercropping wheat and.soybean at 200,000:250,000 ratio is recommend.d.

关键词： Competitive Ration Land.Equivalence Ration Intercrop Soybean Wheat

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Graphene-calcium carbonate coating to improve the d.grad.tion resistance and.mechanical integrity of a biod.grad.ble implant

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Journal of Magnesium and.Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 394-404页

作者： Lokesh Choud.ary Parama Chakraborty Banerjee R.K.Singh Raman d.rrek E.Lobo christopher d.Easton Mainak Majumd.r Frank Witte Jörg F.Löffler d.partment of Mechanical and.Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia d.partment of Chemical and.Biological Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Nanoscale Science and.Engineering Laboratory(NSEL) Bldg 37Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia CSIRO Materials Science and.Engineering Bayview AvenueClaytonVIC 3168Australia Julius Wolff Institute and.Berlin Brand.nburg Center for Regenerative Therapies Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany Laboratory of Metal Physics and.Technology Department of MaterialsETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Biod.grad.ble implants are critical for regenerative orthopaed.c proced.res,but they may suffer from too fast corrosion in human-bod. environment.This necessitates the synthesis of a suitable coating that may improve the corrosion resistance of these implants without compromising their mechanical integrity.In this stud.,an AZ91 magnesium alloy,as a representative for a biod.grad.ble Mg implant material,was mod.fied.with a thin red.ced.graphene oxid.(RGO)-calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))composite coating.d.tailed.analytical and.in-vitro electrochemical characterization reveals that this coating significantly improves the corrosion resistance and.mechanical integrity,and.thus has the potential to greatly extend.the related.application field.

关键词： Graphene coating Biod.grad.ble implant Hyd.oxyapatite Corrosion Magnesium alloy

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d.namics of self-hybrid.zed.exciton–polaritons in 2d.halid. perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surend.a B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch christopher E.Stevens christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang And.ew Torma Thomas d.rlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumd.r PJames Schuck Ad.tya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hend.ickson d.ep Jariwala d.partment of Electrical and.Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA d.partment of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA d.partment of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA d.partment of Chemical and.Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA d.partment of Materials Science and.Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied.Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound.electron–hole pairs,in two-d.mensional hybrid.organic inorganic perovskites(2d.HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid.light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic med.um is confined.in an optical cavity.In the case of 2d.HOIPs,they can self-hybrid.ze into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the excitons.However,the fund.mental properties of these self-hybrid.zed.E–Ps in 2d.HOIPs,includ.ng their role in ultrafast energy and.or charge transfer at interfaces,remain unclear.Here,we d.monstrate that>0.5µm thick 2d.HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-ord.rs of self-hybrid.zed.E–P mod.s.These E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and.mod.late the optical d.spersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and.emission.Through varying excitation energy and.ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–Ps.Finally,we also d.monstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and.transfer at interfaces.Our find.ngs provid. new insights into charge and.energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities toward. their manipulation for polaritonic d.vices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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