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Is it Possible to Protect the Adolescent Brain with Internal Mechanisms from Repetitive Head Impacts:Results from a PhaseⅡSingle Cohort,Longitudinal,Self-Control Study

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 56-65页

作者： Kelsey Logan Weihong Yuan Kim d.Barber Foss Jed A.diekfuss Christopher A.diCesare James Leach Mekibib Altaye Rhodri S.Lloyd Gregory d.Myer The SPORT Center Division of Sports MedicineCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterBurnet AvenueMLC 10001CincinnatiOH 45229USA departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine University of CincinnatiCollege of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions ProvoUTUSA division of Radiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Youth Physical development Centre Cardiff School of Sport and Health SciencesCardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiffUK departments of Pediatrics and Orthopedic Surgery University of CincinnatiCollege of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention WalthamMAUSA department of Radiology University of CincinnatiCollege of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA Emory Sport Performance and Research Center Flowery BranchGAUSA department of Orthopaedics Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Purpose To quantify the effects of an externally worn collar device for mitigating the influence of repetitive head impacts on alterations to diffusion tensor imaging(dTI)metrics of white *** Fifteen female high-school soccer athletes(age:14.00-16.98 yrs)completed pre-and post-season dTI over two consecutive years,including measures of diffusivity,changes in which may be associated with brain *** collar was worn during year 1(Yr1)but not during year 2(Yr2).Athlete exposures(AEs)and head impact exposure were recorded over the competitive *** There were no significant differences in AEs or head impact exposures between Yr1 and Yr2(P>0.05).In Yr2,there was significant pre-to post-season mean diffusivity and/or axial diffusivity reduction in multiple WM regions(cor-rected Pdiffusivity,axial diffusivity,and radial diffusivity decreases were 3.04%±2.53%,2.97%±2.19%,and 3.37%±3.34%,respectively,significantly greater than pre-to post-season changes in Yr1(mean dif-fusivity:-0.31%±1.78%,P=0.0014;axial diffusivity:-0.02%±2.25%,P=0.0014;radial diffusivity:-0.63%±2.10%,P=0.0030).Conclusions Mild bilateral compression to athletes'internal jugular vein through collar application may have increased intracranial blood volume and spatially redistributed head-impact-derived brain energy ***,future research is needed to elucidate the potential clinical significance of WM changes of various *** trails registration NCT03014492.

关键词： Soccer Brain injury dTI Female athletes White matter

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EFFECT OF SnO_2 AddITION ON THE SERVICE LIFE ANd ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Ti/IrO_2,+Ta_2O_5 ANOdES IN PHENOLSULFONIC ACId SOLUTION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第4期13卷 937-943页

作者： J.M. Hu H.M. Meng d.B. Sun S.J. Zhang J.X. Wu and d.J. Yang Beijing Corrosion and Protection Center, Open Laboratory of Corrosion, Erosion and Surface Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Beijing Univ of Science and Technology Beijing China

Service life of two different oxide anodes in phenolsulfonic acid (PSA) solution was investigated by accelerated electrolysis. The durability of Ti/IrO_2+Ta_2 O_5 anode increased by the addition of SnO_2 in the mixed oxides. The degradation mechanisms of Ti/IrO_2+ Ta_2 O_5 and Ti/IrO_2 +Ta_2 O_5 +SnO+2 anodes were different. It was shown from the observation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the electrochcmical measurement that, the deactivation of Ti/IrO_2 + Ta_2 O_5 anode was due to the build-up of an organic film on surface. The growth of the covered film on surface was restricted by addition of SnO_2, which resulted in increasing of the service life of anodes. The over-potential for oxygen evolution on Ti/IrO_2 +Ta_2 O_5 electrode increased after doping SnO_2, and the intermediate products of PSA building-up on the surface was much more rapidly oxidized. Meanwhile, a certain part of the surface oxide deposit entered into the solution leading to loss of oxides, which resulted in degradation of Ti/IroO_2 + Ta_2 O_5 anode containing SnO_2 component.

关键词： metal oxide anode IrO_2 + Ta_2 O_5 IrO_2 + Ta_2 O_5 +SnO_2 phenolsulfonic acid degradation

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Combined flow-focus and self-assembly routes for the formation of lipid stabilized oil-shelled microbubbles

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 466-473页

作者： Adam H.Churchman Victoria Mico Julia Gala de Pablo Sally A.Peyman Steven Freear Stephen d.Evans School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeedsWoodhouse LaneLeeds LS29JTUK School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of LeedsWoodhouse LaneLeeds LS29JTUK

Lipid and polymer stabilized microbubbles are used in medicine as contrast agents for ultrasound imaging and are being developed for the delivery of water soluble drugs to diseased areas of the ***,many new therapeutics exhibit poor water solubility or stability,which has led to the requirement for the development of effective hydrophobic drug delivery *** study presents a new method to produce microbubbles coated with an oil layer capable of encapsulating hydrophobic drugs and suitable for targeted,triggered drug *** new method utilizes highly controllable flow-focusing microfluidics with lipid oil nanodroplets self-assembling and spreading at gas–aqueous *** layer inside microbubbles were produced with diameters of 2.4±0.3μm(s.d.,1.6μm)and at concentrations up to 10^(6) bubbles per *** mechanism of oil layer inside microbubble assembly and stability were characterized using methods including contact angle measurements,quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging.

关键词： microbubbles microfluidics drug-delivery hydrophobic lipid-coated oil-shelled

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Cornus mas *** as a multifunctional material for manufacturing cosmetic emulsions

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2018年第4期16卷 284-292页

作者： Niziol-Lukaszewska Z Wasilewski T Bujak T Gawel-Beben K Osika P Czerwonka d The University oflnformation Technology and Management in Rzeszow Department of CosmetologyTyczyn 36020Poland The University of Technology and Humanities in Radom Department of ChemistryRadom 26600Poland

dogwood fruits are a valuable source of active ingredients, such as phenolic compounds, vitamin C, iridoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Plant extracts and substances derived from latin Cornus mas L. exhibit not only strong antibacterial but also antioxidant and tonicity properties, effectively preventing the development of inflammation in living organisms. In the present study, we attempted to obtain the innovative, multi-functional plant extract from the fruit of dogwood(Cornus mas L.). during the extraction process a mixture of water, glycerol, and vegetable oil were used as an extractant. The usage of such mixtures of solvents enabled us to extract a variety of active substances, soluble in both water and oils. The obtained extracts were analyzed for their physicochemical and biochemical properties, in order to apply the extract in a body nutrient lotion. The results clearly showed that such extract could be an innovative and multi-functional raw material used in cosmetics industry.

关键词： Cornus mas Extract Antioxidant activity Emulsions Formulation/stability

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 951-954页

作者： Giuseppe Ortu Raffaella Balestrini Patricia A. Pereira Jorg d. Becker Helge Kuste Paola Bonfante department of Life Science and Systems Biology University of Torino Italy Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante--CNR Torino Italy Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia 2780-156 Oeiras Portugal Institut for Pflanzengenetik Leibniz Universitat Hannover Herrenhauser Str. 2 D-30419 Hannover Germany

dear Editor, Phytohormones are essential regulators of plant develop- ment, but their role in the signaling processes between plants and fungi during arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） establishment is far from being understood （Ludwig-M011er, 2010）. AM coloni- zation leads to extensive effects on host metabolism, as revealed by transcriptome studies of AM plants （Hogekamp et al., 2011）. Some genes have been specified as an AM core set, since they are mycorrhizal-responsive, irrespective of the identity of the plant,

关键词： AM真菌植物激素相关基因早期阶段调节过程生物合成相互作用赤霉素

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Programmable microfluidic genotyping of plant dNA samples for marker-assisted selection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 413-422页

作者： Helena C.Zec Tony Zheng Lingshu Liu Kuangwen Hsieh Tushar d.Rane Todd Pederson Tza-Huei Wang department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc. JohnstonIA 50131USA

As demands to maintain the global food production continue to mount,multinational seed companies are turning to new dNA marker technologies to accelerate the rate of plant breeding and crop *** key to widespread adoption of molecular breeding is the availability of flexible and cost-effective tools that can perform combinatorial and high-throughput genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)to guide the crop development *** this end,we have developed a programmable,droplet-based microfluidic device for genotyping maize genomic dNA.A unique feature of the microfluidic platform is the nano sample processors(NSPs),which allow the device to sequentially load an unrestricted number of unique dNA samples using only two inlets,overcoming the current limitation to the number of sample inputs due to small device *** and programmable droplet generation within the device allows each sample to be genotyped against a panel of markers on ***,we have successfully implemented the Invader assay for SNP genotyping in flowing,50-nL droplets,thus achieving significant reduction in consumption of reagents per reaction as compared with conventional genotyping *** a demonstration,we performed 240 Invader reactions(testing 8 dNA samples against 10 SNP markers)and achieved greater than 93% accuracy in SNP calling of plant dNA samples in a single droplet-based experiment.

关键词： droplets genotyping invader assay microfluidics single-nucleotide polymorphism

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Effects of water content on the shear behavior and critical state of glacial till in Tianmo Gully of Tibet, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第8期16卷 1743-1759页

作者： ZHOU Gordon G.d. CHEN Lei-lei MU Qing-yi CUI Kahlil Fredrick E. SONG dong-ri Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Chengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China department of Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Glacial tills are widely distributed in Tibet, China, and are highly susceptible to landslides under intense rainfalls. Failures of the slope during rainfall are closely related to the shear behavior of glacial tills at different moisture conditions. This study investigates the shear behavior and critical state of saturated and unsaturated glacial tills through a series of drained direct shear tests. The tests were conducted on two types of compacted glacial tills with different water contents and total normal stresses. A strain softening mode of failure is observed for all water content conditions accompanied by noticeable dilation. dilatancy is found to decrease with increasing water content. Unsaturated samples showed increased rates of dilation as water content is decreased for all applied normal stresses a behavior which cannot be predicted well by classical stressdilatancy models. Furthermore, it was found that the Critical State Line(CSL), plotted on the(e-ln) plane, can be used to define the shear behavior of unsaturated glacial tills at different water *** CSL of saturated glacial tills run parallel to this line. The experimental results in this study are aimed to provide a basic understanding to the underlying failure mechanisms of glacial tills.

关键词： Glacial till Shear behavior Water content dilatancy direct shear test Critical state

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Scenario Analysis of Tillage, Residue and Fertilization Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon dynamics

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Pedosphere 2005年第4期15卷 473-483页

作者： WANG Xiao-Bin CAI dian-Xiong W. B. HOOGMOEd O. OENEMA U. d. PERdOK Soil and Fertilizer Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 （China） Soil Technology Group Wageningen University P. O. Box 17 6700 AA Wageningen （The Netherlands） Soil Quality Group Wageningen University P. O. Box 8005 6700 EC Wageningen （The Netherlands）

Based on data from 10-year field experiments on residue/fertilizer management in the dryland farming region of northern China, Century model was used to simulate the site-specific ecosystem dynamics through adjustment of the model＇s parameters, and the applicability of the model to propose soil organic carbon （SOC） management temporally and spatially, in cases such as of tillage/residue/fertilization management options, was identified v/a scenario *** between simulations and actual measurements were in close agreement when appropriate applications of stover,manure and inorganic fertilizer were combined. Simulations of extreme C/N ratios with added organic materials tended to underestimate the measured effects. Scenarios of changed tillage methods, residue practices and fertilization options showed potential to maintain and enhance SOC in the long run, while increasing inorganic N slowed down the SOC turnover rate but did not create a net C sink without any organic C input. The Century model simulation showed a good relationship between annual C inputs to the soil and the rate of C sequestration in the top 20 cm layer and provided quantitative estimations of changes in parameters crucial for sustainable land use and management. Conservation tillage practices for sustainable land use should be integrated with residue management and appreciable organic and inorganic fertilizer application, adapted according to the local residue resource, soil fertility and production conditions. At least 50% residue return into the soil was needed annually for maintenance of SOC balance, and manure amendment was important for enhancement of SOC in small crop-livestock systems in which crop residue land application was limited.

关键词： Century model conservation tillage crop residue dryland soil organic carbon

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采动引起的岩体变形及地下水流动的数值分析——稳定流研究

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煤炭学报 1998年第4期23卷 289-294页

作者：白矛 d.Elsworth 刘天泉俄克拉荷马大学宾夕法尼亚州立大学煤炭科学研究总院

提出的有限元模型可以有效地预计地表沉陷以及地下水的流动．实例分析表明，地层水力传导率与采动影响而引起的岩体变形紧密相连．水力传导率变化最大的地方发生在采区垮落带或严重裂隙带．研究表明，缩小开采宽度可有效减小采动对地表... 详细信息

提出的有限元模型可以有效地预计地表沉陷以及地下水的流动．实例分析表明，地层水力传导率与采动影响而引起的岩体变形紧密相连．水力传导率变化最大的地方发生在采区垮落带或严重裂隙带．研究表明，缩小开采宽度可有效减小采动对地表下沉及水力传导率的影响。

关键词：岩体变形地下水流动数值分析稳定流

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EFFECTS OF Zn CONCENTRATION ON WETTABILITY OF Sn-Zn ALLOY ON Cu ANd ON THE INTERFACIAL MICROSTRUCTURE BETWEEN Sn-Zn ALLOY ANd Cu

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2006年第4期19卷 251-257页

作者： H.Z. Huang X.Q. Wei L. Zhou X.d. Liu G.L. Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China East China Institute of Technology Fuzhou 344000 China

The potential of using a hypoeutectic, instead of eutectic, Sn-Zn alloy as a lead-free solder has been discussed. The nonequilibrium melting behaviors of a series of Sn-Zn alloys were examined by differential thermal analysis. It was found that at a heating rate of 5℃/min, *** exhibited no melting range. dipping and spreading tests were carried out to characterize the wettability of Sn-Zn alloys on Cu. Both tests exhibited that Sn-6.5Zn has significantly better wettability on Cu than Sn-9Zn. The reaction layers formed during the spreading tests were examined. When the Zn concentration fell between 2.5wt%-9wt%, two reaction layers were formed at the interface, a thick and flat Cu5Zn8 adjacent to Cu and a thin and irregular Cu-Zn-Sn layer adjacent to the alloy. Only a Cu0Sn5 layer was formed when the Zn concentration decreased to 0.5wt%. The total thickness of the reaction layer（s） between the alloy and Cu was found to increase linearly with the Zn concentration.

关键词： lead-free solder Sn-Zn alloy wettability interface intermetallic compound

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