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Current status and highlights of the ELI-NP research program

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第2期5卷 2-25页

作者： K.A.Tanaka K.M.Spohr d.L.Balabanski S.Balascuta L.Capponi M.O.Cernaianu M.Cuciuc A.Cucoanes I.dancus A.dhal B.diaconescu d.doria P.Ghenuche d.G.Ghita S.Kisyov V.Nastasa J.F.Ong F.Rotaru d.Sangwan P.-A.Soderstrom d.Stutman G.Suliman O.Tesileanu L.Tudor N.Tsoneva C.A.Ur d.Ursescu N.V.Zamfir Extreme Light Infrastructure(ELI-NP)and Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&din Physics and Nuclear Engineering(IFIN-HH) Str.Reactorului No.30077125 Bucharest–M˘agureleRomania Johns Hopkins University 3400 N.Charles StreetBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA

The emergence of a new era reaching beyond current state-of-the-art ultrashort and ultraintense laser technology has been enabled by the approval of around V 850 million worth of structural funds in 2011–2012 by the European Commission for the installation of Extreme Light Infrastructure(ELI).The ELI project consists of three pillars being built in the Czech Republic,Hungary,and *** challenging proposal is based on recent technical progress allowing ultraintense laser fields in which intensities will soon be reaching as high as I0∼1023Wcm−*** tremendous technological advance has been brought about by the invention of chirped pulse amplification by Mourou and *** is hosting the ELI for Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP)pillar in M˘agurele near *** new facility,currently under construction,is intended to serve the broad national,European,and international scientific *** mission covers scientific research at the frontier of knowledge involving two *** first is laser-driven experiments related to NP,strong-field quantum electrodynamics,and associated vacuum *** second research domain is based on the establishment of a Compton-backscattering-based,high-brilliance,and intenseγbeam with Eγ≲19.5 MeV,which represents a merger between laser and accelerator *** system will allow the investigation of the nuclear structure of selected isotopes and nuclear reactions of relevance,for example,to astrophysics with hitherto unprecedented resolution and *** addition to fundamental themes,a large number of applications with significant societal impact will be *** implementation of the project started in January 2013 and is spearheaded by the ELI-NP/Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering(IFIN-HH).Experiments will begin in early 2020.

关键词： intense frontier approval

demonstration of laser pulse amplification by stimulated Brillouin scattering

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第4期 46-51页

作者： E.Guillaume K.Humphrey H.Nakamura R.M.G.M.Trines R.Heathcote M.Galimberti Y.Amano d.doria G.Hicks E.Higson S.Kar G.Sarri M.Skramic J.Swain K.Tang J.Weston P.Zak E.P.Alves R.A.Fonseca F.Fi ′uza H.Habara K.A.Tanaka R.Bingham M.Borghesi Z.Najmudin L.O.Silva P.A.Norreys Laboratoire d'Optique Appliqu′ee Ecole PolytechniquePalaiseau 91128 France STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot Oxon OX11 0QX United Kingdom University of Strathclyde Glasgow G11XQ United Kingdom Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London Prince Consort RoadLondon SW7 2BZ United Kingdom Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Queens University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN United Kingdom University of Oxford Parks RoadOxford OX1 3PU United Kingdom

The energy transfer by stimulated Brillouin backscatter from a long pump pulse(15 ps) to a short seed pulse(1 ps)has been investigated in a proof-of-principle demonstration experiment. The two pulses were both amplified in different beamlines of a Nd:glass laser system, had a central wavelength of 1054 nm and a spectral bandwidth of 2 nm, and crossed each other in an underdense plasma in a counter-propagating geometry, off-set by 10?. It is shown that the energy transfer and the wavelength of the generated Brillouin peak depend on the plasma density, the intensity of the laser pulses, and the competition between two-plasmon decay and stimulated Raman scatter instabilities. The highest obtained energy transfer from pump to probe pulse is 2.5%, at a plasma density of 0.17 ncr, and this energy transfer increases significantly with plasma density. Therefore, our results suggest that much higher efficiencies can be obtained when higher densities(above0.25ncr) are used.

关键词： laser–plasma interactions optical pulse generation and compression stimulated Brillouin and Raman scattering ultra-fast optical processes

Anti-amyloid antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： danko Jeremic Lydia Jiménez-díaz Juan d.Navarro-López NeuroPhysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfolding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in Ad,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive

Remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： diogo Tomé Ramiro d.Almeida iBiMEd-Institute of Biomedicine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studies have successfully promoted long-distance axonal regeneration in distinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we discuss how our understanding of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS disorders.

关键词： viable injury instru

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt damien d.Pearse W.dalton dietrich Allan d.Levi James d.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FdA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

Biochemical dissection of STAT3 signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3229-3230页

作者： Savina Apolloni Nadia d’Ambrosi department of Biology University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons,clinically marked by muscle atrophy and *** the clinical course is highly variable,the average time from the onset of symptoms to the need for respiratory support or death is 3-5 *** is the most prevalent motor neuron disease in adults,occurring at a rate of 2 per 100,000 individuals and affecting 5.4 per 100,000 individuals overall.

关键词： STAT3 dissection sclerosis

Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie d.de Schutter Lies de Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram d.dongale Atul C.Khot Chenjie Yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic ***,they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy,display,healthcare,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity,optical transparency,and enhanced mechanical *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using selfcracking-assisted *** this method,we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency(97.39%),high conductance(Rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work function(5.16 eV),and good mechanical *** also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics,organic light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing,resulting in exceptional device *** addition,the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.

关键词： Self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory

Machine learning empowers efficient design of ternary organic solar cells with PM6 donor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram d.dongale Santosh S.Sutar Atul C.Khot Tae Geun Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea University Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji University Yashwantrao Chavan School of Rural development Shivaji University

Organic solar cells(OSCs) hold great potential as a photovoltaic technology for practical ***, the traditional experimental trial-and-error method for designing and engineering OSCs can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Machine learning(ML) techniques enable the proficient extraction of information from datasets, allowing the development of realistic models that are capable of predicting the efficacy of materials with commendable accuracy. The PM6 donor has great potential for high-performance OSCs. However, it is crucial for the rational design of a ternary blend to accurately forecast the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of ternary OSCs(TOSCs) based on a PM6 ***, we collected the device parameters of PM6-based TOSCs and evaluated the feature importance of their molecule descriptors to develop predictive models. In this study, we used five different ML algorithms for analysis and prediction. For the analysis, the classification and regression tree provided different rules, heuristics, and patterns from the heterogeneous dataset. The random forest algorithm outperforms other prediction ML algorithms in predicting the output performance of PM6-based TOSCs. Finally, we validated the ML outcomes by fabricating PM6-based TOSCs. Our study presents a rapid strategy for assessing a high PCE while elucidating the substantial influence of diverse descriptors.

关键词： Random forests