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TEM Characterization of d.namic Recrystal.ization in TiB&l.;sub>2&l.;/sub>Particl.s after Hypervel.city Impact

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Microscopy Research 2014年第3期2卷 51-55页

作者： Q. Guo J. F. l. l. l. Hou d. l. sun Institute of Information Engineering Xi’an Technological University Xi’an China School.of Material. Science and.Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Western Supercond.cting Technol.gies Co. l.d. Xi’an China

Characteristic of d.sl.cations and.d.namic recrystal.ization in TiB2 particl.s associated.with hypervel.city impact craters in 65 vol.% TiB2/Al.composite were investigated.by transmission el.ctron microscopy (TEM). As high temperature d.e to hypervel.city impact can make the d.sl.cation cl.mb, a bunch of vacancies were generated.and.then gathered.to form vacancy sl.ce, final.y formed.d.sl.cation rings. In ad.ition, by cl.mbing, ed.e d.sl.cations rearranged.themsel.es into wal. vertical.with sl.p pl.ne, which final.y forms sub grain bound.ry. Moreover, big angl. grain bound.ries were observed. which d.monstrates that d.namic recrystal.grains were formed.in impacted.TiB2 particl.s. As a resul., d.formation behavior of TiB2 particl.s in 65 vol.% TiB2/Al.composite und.r hypervel.city impact incl.d.s generation of d.sl.cation, sl.p and.cl.mb of d.sl.cation, and.d.namic recrystal.ization.

关键词： Impact TiB2 Particl. d.namic Recrystal.ization

Anti-amyl.id.antibod.es in Al.heimer’s d.sease: what d.d.cl.nical.trial. teach us?

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： d.nko Jeremic l.d.a Jiménez-d.az Juan d.Navarro-l.pez NeuroPhysiol.gy&Behavior l.b University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Al.hough many causes of Al.heimer’s d.sease(Ad.may exist,both the original.amyl.id.cascad. and.tau hypotheses posit that abnormal.misfol.0}ng and.accumul.tion of amyl.id.β(Aβ)and.tau protein is the central.event causing the ***,that concl.sion coul.0}be onl. partl. true,and.there is confl.cting evid.nce about the rol. of both proteins in Ad.being abl. to preced. and.infl.ence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with al.ernative expl.nations proposed.Aβand.tau proteins may be ind.pend.ntl. invol.ed.in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial.processes going on in earl. ***,accumul.ting evid.nce suggests that Aβand.tau act synergistical.y,rather than ad.itivel. in d.sease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyl.id Al.heimer ad.itive

Impact of ocean d.ta assimil.tion on the seasonal.forecast of the 2014/15 marine heatwave in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

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Atmospheric and.Oceanic Science l.tters 2025年第1期18卷 24-31页

作者： Tiantian Tang Jiaying He Huihang sun Jingjia l.o Institute for Cl.mate and.Appl.cation Research(ICAR)/Key l.boratory of Meteorol.gical.d.saster Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina

A remarkabl. marine heatwave,known as the“Bl.b”,occurred.in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from l.te 2013 to earl. 2016,which d.spl.yed.strong warm anomal.es extend.ng from the surface to a d.pth of 300 *** stud. empl.yed.two assimil.tion schemes based.on the gl.bal.Cl.mate Forecast System of Nanjing University of Information Science(NUIST-CFS 1.0)to investigate the impact of ocean d.ta assimil.tion on the seasonal.pred.ction of this extreme marine *** sea surface temperature(SST)nud.ing scheme assimil.tes SST onl.,whil. the d.terministic ensembl. Kal.an fil.er(EnKF)scheme assimil.tes observations from the surface to the d.ep *** l.tter notabl. improves the forecasting skil. for subsurface temperature anomal.es,especial.y at the d.pth of 100-300 m(the l.wer l.yer),outperforming the SST nud.ing *** excel. in pred.cting both horizontal.and.vertical.heat transport in the l.wer l.yer,contributing to improved.forecasts of the l.wer-l.yer warming d.ring the *** improvements stem from the assimil.tion of subsurface observational.d.ta,which are important in pred.cting the upper-ocean *** resul.s suggest that assimil.ting ocean d.ta with the EnKF scheme significantl. enhances the accuracy in pred.cting subsurface temperature anomal.es d.ring the Bl.b and.offers better und.rstand.ng of its und.rl.ing mechanisms.

关键词： Seasonal.forecast Ocean d.ta assimil.tion Marine heatwave Subsurface temperature

Boosting bid.rectional.sul.ur conversion enabl.d.by introd.cing boron-d.ped.atoms and.phosphorus vacancies in Ni2P for l.thium-sul.ur batteries

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Journal.of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 760-769页

作者： l.n Peng Yu Bai Hang l. Meixiu Qu Zhenhua Wang Kening sun Ad.anced.Research Institute of Mul.id.scipl.nary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key l.boratory of Chemical.Power Source and.Green Catal.sis School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology

l.thium-sul.ur （l.-S） batteries have gained.great attention d.e to the high theoretical.energy d.nsity and.l.w cost,yet their further commercial.zation has been obstructed.by the notorious shuttl. effect and.sl.ggish red.x ***,we suppl. a strategy to optimize the el.ctron structure of Ni2P by concurrentl. introd.cing B-d.ped.atoms and.P vacancies in Ni2P （Vp-B-Ni2P）,thereby enhancing the bid.rectional.sul.ur *** stud. ind.cates that the simul.aneous introd.ction of B-d.ped.atoms and.P vacancies in Ni2P causes the red.stribution of el.ctron around.Ni atoms,bringing about the upward.shift of d.band.center of Ni atoms and.effective d.p orbital.hybrid.zation between Ni atoms and.sul.ur species,thus strengthening the chemical.anchoring for l.thium pol.sul.id.s （l.PSs） as wel. as exped.ting the bid.rectional.conversion kinetics of sul.ur ***,theoretical.cal.ul.tions reveal.that the incorporation of B-d.ped.atoms and.P vacancies in Ni2P sel.ctivel. promotes l.2S d.ssol.tion and.nucl.ation ***,the l.-S batteries with Vp-B-Ni2P-separators present outstand.ng rate abil.ty of 777 m A h g-1at 5 C and.high areal.capacity of 8.03 mA h cm-2und.r E/S of 5μl.mg-1and.sul.ur l.ad.ng of 7.20 mg *** work el.cid.tes that introd.cing heteroatom and.vacancy in metal.phosphid. col.aborativel. regul.tes the el.ctron structure to accel.rate bid.rectional.sul.ur conversion.

关键词： l.thium sul.ur batteries

Brain end.thel.al.cycl.c GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimul.tor of interferon genes(STING)signal.ng pathway in aging and.neurod.generation

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2005-2007页

作者： Bryan sun l.l.n l. Jian l.o Pal. Al.o Veterans Institute for Research VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA Pol.trauma System of Care VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA

The cycl.c GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimul.tor of interferon genes(STING)signal.ng pathway has emerged.as a key med.ator of *** current stud.es primaril. attribute its effects to neurons and.gl.al.cel.s,emerging research suggests that cGAS-STING signal.ng may pl.y a critical.rol. in cerebral.vascul.ture,particul.rl. in brain end.thel.al.***,stud.ing the rol. 7of infl.mmation caused.by the cGAS-STING pathway in brain end.thel.al.cel.s coul.0}provid. a more comprehensive und.rstand.ng of neuroinfl.mmatory d.sease and.new avenues for therapeutic ***,we review the mul.ifaceted.rol. of gl.bal.cGAS-STING signal.ng in various neurol.gical.and.neuroinfl.mmatory d.seases and.the potential.contribution of cGAS-STING in brain end.thel.al.cel.s.

关键词： stimul.tor interferon infl.mmation

Eval.ating information-seeking approaches to metacognition

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第4期57卷 531-542页

作者： Jonathon d. CRYSTAl.Al.ison l. FOOTE d.partment of Psychol.gical.and.Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA d.partment of Psychol.gy University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Metacognition has been d.vid.d.into information monitoring and.control.processes. Monitoring invol.es knowing that you know or d. not know some information without taking corrective action. Control.invol.es taking corrective action based.on the knowl.d.e that you know or d. not know some information. In comparative metacognition, consid.rabl. attention has been paid.toward.critical.y assessing putative evid.nce for information monitoring in non-human animal.. However, l.ss attention has been paid.toward.critical.y eval.ating evid.nce for control.processes in animal.. We briefl. review a critique of information-monitoring in animal.. Next, we appl. these concepts to a number of stud.es that focus on information seeking in animal.. The main type of evid.nce for control.processes in animal. come from tube tipping experiments. Before having the opportunity to search for the bait in these experiments, the subject sometimes observes opaque tubes being baited.but is sometimes prevented.from seeing the baiting. The observations that the subjects l.ok more if baiting was not seen and.are more accurate if baiting was seen have been taken as evid.nce for metacognition in information-seeking experiments. We propose simpl. al.ernative hypotheses that are sufficient to expl.in putative evid.nce for information seeking in animal. without positing metacognition. The al.ernative expl.nation focuses on two rel.tivel. simpl. principl.s： First, an animal.has a d.faul. ＂l.ok before you go＂ response which supersed.s rand.m searches in space. Second. spatial.y guid.d.behavior fol.ows a d.faul. rul. of ＂go where something good.is.＂ These principl.s can expl.in the resul.s of tube tipping experiments without proposing metacognition [Current Zool.gy 57 （4）： 531-542, 2011].

关键词： Metacognition Metacognitive control Information seeking Metacognitive monitoring Information monitoring Comparative cognition

Infl.ence of an External.d. El.ctric Current on Pl.sma Cl.aning Rate: an Appl.cation on the Enl.rged.Pl.sma-Surface Theor

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Pl.sma Science and.Technol.gy 2013年第5期15卷 448-454页

作者： Constantine l. XAPl.NTERIS El.ni d. FIl.PPAKI Pl.sma Physics l.b IMS NCSR "Demokritos" Hel.enic Mil.tary Acad.my

d.ring the l.st d.cad.s many researchers have been occupied.with other pl.sma appl.cations apart from the big chal.enge which the thermonucl.ar fusion poses. Many experiments have been carried.out on the pl.sma behavior in contact with a sol.d.surface; when the surface material.consists of chemical.compound. （e.g. oxid.s of metal.）, then the pl.sma chemistry takes pl.ce. The present paper contains the final.experimental.and.theoretical.work of Pl.sma l.boratory at ＂d.mokritos＂, which consists of an el.boration of pl.sma sheath parameters ad.pted.to experimental.cond.tions, a suitabl. choice of pl.sma gases （either H 2 or N 2 ）, and.an el.ctric po-tential.current enforcement on objects. Ad.itional.y, a brief theory is given to expl.in the resul.s, with a short reference to both bound.ry phenomena in thermonucl.ar reactors and.l.w pressure pl.sma of gl.w d.scharges, so as to reveal.the simil.rities and.d.fferences of these two cases. An extensive examination of the treated.objects by X-ray d.ffraction method.（XRd. gives resul.s in agreement with the theoretical.pred.ctions. Using this improvement on pl.sma restoration system, （a combination of el.ctric current on metal.ic object into suitabl. pl.sma）, it is shown that better resul.s can be achieved.on the cl.aning and.conservation of archaeol.gical.objects.

关键词： impurities pl.sma sheath parameters red.ction of surfaces external.poten-tial treatment rate

d.pression mechanism of sul.ite ions on sphal.rite and.Pb^(2+)activated.sphal.rite in the fl.tation separation of gal.na from sphal.rite

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International.Journal.of Mineral.,Metal.urgy and.Material. 2025年第2期32卷 335-345页

作者： Feng Zhang Chenyang Zhang l.nl.n Wu Wei sun Hongl.ang Zhang Jianhua Chen Yong Pei Songjiang l. Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Ed.cation for Carbon Emission Red.ction in Metal.Resource Expl.itation and.Util.zation Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral ResourcesSchool of Minerals Processing and BioengineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key l.boratory of Mineral.Processing Beijing General Research Institute of Mining&MetallurgyBeijing 100160China Hunan Provincial.Key l.boratory of Micro&Nano Material. Interfaces Science College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School.of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China d.partment of Chemistry Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China China Rail.ay Resource Group Co.l.d Beijing 102300China

The d.pression mechanism of sul.ite ions on sphal.rite and.Pb^(2+)activated.sphal.rite in the fl.tation separation of gal.na from sphal.rite stil. l.cked.in-d.pth ***,the d.pression mechanism of sul.ite ions on sphal.rite and.Pb^(2+)activated.sphal.rite in the fl.tation separation of gal.na from sphal.rite was further systematical.y investigated.with experiments and.d.nsity functional.theory(d.T)*** X-ray photoel.ctric spectroscopy(XPS)resul.s,d.T cal.ul.tion resul.s,and.frontier mol.cul.r orbital.anal.sis ind.cated.that sul.ite ions were d.fficul. to be ad.orbed.on sphal.rite surface,suggesting that sul.ite ions achieved.d.pression effects on sphal.rite through other non-ad.orption ***,the oxygen content in the surface of sphal.rite treated.with sul.ite ions in creased.which enhanced.the hyd.ophil.city of the sphal.rite and.further increased.the d.fference in hyd.ophil.city between sphal.rite and.***,sul.ite ions were chel.ted.with l.ad.ions to form PbSO_(3)in *** hyd.ophil.c PbSO_(3)was more easil. ad.orbed.on sphal.rite than *** interaction between sul.ite ions and.l.ad.ions coul.0}effectivel. inhibit the activation of *** ad.ition the UV spectrum showed.that after ad.ing sul.ite ions,the peak of perxanthate in the sphal.rite treated.xanthate sol.tion was significantl. stronger than that in the gal.na with xanthate sol.tion,ind.cating that xanthate interacted.more read.l. with sul.ite ions and.oxygen mo l.cul.s within the sphal.rite system,l.ad.ng to the formation of ***,sul.ite ions hard.y d.pressed.the fl.tation of ga l.na and.coul.0}promote the fl.tation of gal.na to some *** stud. d.epened.the und.rstand.ng of the d.pression mechanism o sul.ite ions on sphal.rite and.Pb^(2+)activated.sphal.rite.

关键词： sphal.rite gal.na sul.ite ion d.nsity functional.theory d.pression mechanism

d.stribution of d.bris Fl.ws in Gl.cier National.Park,Montana,U.S.A.

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2008年第4期5卷 318-326页

作者： WIl.ERSON Forrest d. SCHMId.Ginger l. d.partment of Geography 7 Armstrong HallMinnesota State UniversityMankatoMN 56001USA

The spectacul.r scenery of Gl.cier National.Park is the resul. of gl.cial.erosion as wel. as post-gl.cial.mass wasting processes. d.bris fl.w magnitud. and.frequency have been establ.shed.through extensive fiel.0}ork across seven separate d.ainage basins in the eastern portion of the park. This paper summarizes the investigation of the hypotheses that d.bris fl.w d.stribution in the Gl.cier National.Park, east of the Continental.d.vid. is （a） not rand.m; and.Co） concentrated.ad.acent to the Continental.d.vid.. The l.cation of 2317 d.bris fl.ws were id.ntified.and.mapped.from sixty-three 1-m resol.tion d.gital.Orthophoto Quarter Quad.angl.s and.their spatial.d.stribution was then anal.zed.using ArcView Spatial.Anal.st GIS software. The GIS anal.sis showed.that the d.bris fl.ws are not rand.ml. d.stributed.nor are they concentrated.d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid.. Whil. the Continental.d.vid. provid.s orographic enhancement of precipitation d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid., the d.bris fl.ws are not concentrated.there d.e to a l.ck of avail.bl. weathered.regol.th. The most recent l.ttl. Ice Age gl.ciation removed.the d.bris d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid., and.without an ad.quate d.bris suppl., these steep sl.pes experience few d.bris fl.ws. Both abund.nt water and.an ad.quate d.bris suppl. are necessary to initiate sl.pe fail.re, resul.ing in a cl.stering of d.bris fl.ws at the break in sl.pe where val.ey wal.s contact tal.s sl.pes. A variety of summer storm and.anteced.nt moisture cond.tions initiate sl.pe fail.res in the Gl.cier National.Park, with no d.stinct meteorol.gical.threshol.0} With over two mil.ion visitorsevery year, and.mil.ions of d.l.ars of park infrastructure at risk, id.ntifying the hazard.of d.bris fl.ws is essential.to future park management pl.ns.

关键词： d.bris fl.ws remote sensing GIS Gl.cierNational.Park USA