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Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to type 1 autoimmune hepatitis in the Tunisian population

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Genes & Diseases 2018年第3期5卷 256-262页

作者： Marwa Chaouali Agostinho Carvalho Aymen Tezeghdenti Mouna Ben Azaiez cristina cunha Ezzeddine Ghazouani Radhia Kochkar Department of Immunology Military Hospital of TunisMontfleury 1008TunisTunisia El Manar University Laboratory of MycologyPathologies and Biomarkers 1092TunisTunisia Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057BragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimara˜esPortugal

Genetic factors and gene polymorphisms leading to the onset of autoimmune response in autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)are still not full *** the CTLA-4 molecule is a key modulator of the lymphocytes responses we hypothezied that deficiencies or mutations in the gene encoding CTLA4 protein may be involved in AIH susceptibility and trigger the autoimmune *** investigated 3 distinct polymorphic sites(t49A>G,CT60 G>A and e318C>T)of the CTLA4 gene in 50 AIH patients and 100 healthy controls using the KASP genotyping technology.A significant positive association with AIH susceptibility was found for the GG genotype in t49 position of the CTLA4 gene which was significantly higher in AIH patients compared to controls(28%vs 9%,pZ0.003,ORZ3.93[1.56e9.88]).The CTLA4 A/A genotype in position CT60 was more significantly frequent in controls comparing to AIH patients and could be considered as a protective genotype for the tunisian ***4 genotyping in position318 did not show any statistically significant difference in genotype or allele *** CTLA4 gene polymorphism in position t49 is associated to AIH susceptibility in the Tunisian *** in the CTLA4 gene may lead to a modification of the CTLA4 protein structure that could have functional relevance in AIH pathogenesis and onset.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis CTLA4 gene polymorphisms Cytotoxic Tlymphocyte antigen 4

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Dectin- 1 isoforms contribute to distinct Th 1/Th 17 cell activation in mucosal candidiasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第3期9卷 276-286页

作者： Agostinho Carvalho Gloria Giovannini AntoneUa De Luca Carmen D＇Angelo Andrea Casagrande Rossana G Iannitti Giovanni Ricci cristina cunha Luigina Romani Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences University of Perugia Perugia Italy Life and Health Sciences Research Institute （ICVS） School of Health Sciences University of Minho Braga Portugal CVS/3B＇s--PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimaraes Portugal

The recognition of p-glucans by dectin-1 has been shown to mediate cell activation, cytokine production and a variety of antifungal responses. Here, we report that the functional activity of dectin-1 in mucosal immunity to Candida albicans is influenced by the genetic background of the host. Dectin-1 was required for the proper control of gastrointestinal and vaginal candidiasis in C57BIJ6, but not BALB/c mice; in fact, the latter showed increased resistance in the absence of dectin-1. The susceptibility of dectin-l-deficient C57BL/6 mice to infection was associated with defects in IL-17A and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent IL-22 production and in adaptive Th I responses. In contrast, the resistance of dectin- 1-deficient BALB/c mice was associated with increased IL-17A and IL-22 production and the skewing towards Thl/Treg immune responses that provide immunological memory. Disparate canonical/ noncanonical NF-KB signaling pathways downstream of dectin-1 were activated in the two different mouse strains. Thus, the net activity of dectin-1 in antifungal mucosal immunity is dependent on the host＇s genetic background, which affects both the innate cytokine production and the adaptive Th1/Th17 cell activation upon dectin-1 signaling.

关键词： Dectin-1 Mucosal candidiasis, Th1/Th17, 11-22, genetic background

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Non-hematopoietic cells contribute to protective tolerance to Aspergillus fumigatus via a TRIF pathway converging on IDO

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第6期7卷 459-470页

作者： Antonella de Luca Silvia Bozza Teresa Zelante Silvia Zagarella Carmen D’Angelo Katia Perruccio Carmine Vacca Agostinho Carvalho cristina cunha Franco Aversa Luigina Romani Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences University of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of Health SciencesUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal

Innate responses combine with adaptive immunity to generate the most effective form of anti-Aspergillus immune *** the pivotal role of dendritic cells in determining the balance between immunopathology and protective immunity to the fungus is well established,we determined that epithelial cells(ECs)also contributes to this ***,EC-mediated protection occurred through a Toll-like receptor 3/Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon(TLR3/TRIF)-dependent pathway converging on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)via non-canonical nuclear factor-kB *** with the high susceptibility of TRIF-deficient mice to pulmonary aspergillosis,bone marrow chimeric mice with TRIF unresponsive ECs exhibited higher fungal burdens and inflammatory pathology than control mice,underexpressed the IDO-dependent T helper 1/regulatory T cell(Th1/Treg)pathway and overexpressed the Th17 pathway with massive neutrophilic inflammation in the *** studies with interferon(IFN)-c,IDO or IL-17R unresponsive cells confirmed the dependency of immune tolerance to the fungus on the IFN-c/IDO/Treg pathway and of immune resistance on the MyD88 pathway controlling the fungal ***,distinct immune pathways contribute to resistance and tolerance to the fungus,to which the hematopoietic/non-hematopoietic compartments contribute through distinct,yet complementary,roles.

关键词： aspergillosis epithelial cells IDO Th17/Treg transplantation tolerance

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Uncovering the multifaceted roles played by neutrophils in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 905-918页

作者： cristina Tecchio Marco Antonio Cassatella Department of Medicine Section of Hem atology and Bone Marrow Transplant UnitUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly Department of Medicine Section of General PathologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT)is a life-saving procedure used for the treatment of selected hematological malignancies,inborn errors of metabolism,and bone marrow *** role of neutrophils in alloHSCT has been traditionally evaluated only in the context of their ability to act as a first line of defense against ***,recent evidence has highlighted neutrophils as key effectors of innate and adaptive immune responses through a wide array of newly discovered ***,neutrophils are emerging as highly versatile cells that are able to acquire different,often opposite,functional capacities depending on the microenvironment and their differentiation ***,we review the current knowledge on the multiple functions that neutrophils exhibit through the different stages of alloHSCT,from the hematopoietic stem cell(HSC)mobilization in the donor to the immunological reconstitution that occurs in the recipient following HSC *** also discuss the influence exerted on neutrophils by the immunosuppressive drugs delivered in the course of alloHSCT as part of graft-versushost disease(GVHD)***,the potential involvement of neutrophils in alloHSCT-related complications,such as transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy(TA-TMA),acute and chronic GVHD,and cytomegalovirus(CMV)reactivation,is also *** on the data reviewed herein,the role played by neutrophils in alloHSCT is far greater than a simple antimicrobial ***,much remains to be investigated in terms of the potential functions that neutrophils might exert during a highly complex procedure such as alloHSCT.

关键词： neutrophils allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT) alloHSCT-associated complications lowdensity neutrophils(LDNs) normal-density neutrophils(NDNs)

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Serum response factor:Look into the gut

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第18期16卷 2195-2201页

作者： cristina Modak Department of Research(09-151) VA Long Beach Healthcare System

Serum response factor(SRF) is a transcription factor that regulates many genes involved in cellular activities such as proliferation,migration,differentiation,angiogenesis,and *** it has only been known for about two decades,SRF has been studied *** date,over a thousand SRF studies have been published,but it still remains a hot *** to its critical role in mesoderm-derived tissues,most of the SRF studies focused on muscle structure/function,cardiovascular development/maintenance,and smooth muscle generation/***,SRF has received more attention in the digestive field and several important discoveries have been *** review will summarize what we have learned about SRF in the gastrointestinal tract and provide insights into possible future directions in this area.

关键词： Angiogenesis Cell invasion Myofibroblast differentiation Smooth muscle contraction Serum response factor Wound healing

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Recent results from NA48/2

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 749-752页

作者： cristina Morales Morales Institut für Physik Universitt Mainz

Recent results on radiative K^± decays from the NA48/2 experiment are reported. From the full NA48/2 data set, about a million K^±→π^±π^γ decays were reconstructed. Based on this sample, the first measurement of the interference between direct photon emission and inner bremsstrahlung in K^±→π^±π^γ decays was performed. Stringent limits on CP violation in this decay were also set. In addition, a precise measurement of the branching fraction of K^±→π^±γγ is presented. This measurement was based on a data sample of more than 1000 event candidates. Also the related decay K^±→π^±e^＋e^-γ has first been observed. Results of the measurement of the decay rate and the decay parameter 5 are summarized.

关键词： radiative K^± decays NA48/2 CP violation

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Spatial modelling of deforestation in Romanian Carpathian Mountains using GIS and Logistic Regression

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第5期16卷 1005-1022页

作者： Gheorghe KUCSICSA cristina DUMITRICA Institute of Geography Romanian Academy

Deforestation process represents a wide concern mainly in the mountain environments due to its role in global warming, biodiversity loss, land degradation and natural hazards occurrence. Thus, the present study is focused on the largest afforested landform unit of Romania and, consequently, the most affected area by forest losses: Carpathian Mountains. The main goal of the paper is to examine and analyze the various explanatory variables associated with deforestation process and to model the probability of deforestation using GIS spatial analysis and logistic regression. The forest cover for 1990 and 2012, derived from CORINE Land Cover(CLC) database, were used to quantify historical forest cover change included in the modelling. To explain the biophysical and anthropogenic effects, this study considered several explanatory factors related to local topography, forest cover pattern, accessibility, urban growth and population density. Using ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) and 500 controlling sampling points, the statistical and spatial validations were assessed in order to evaluate the performance of the resulted data. The analysis showed that the area experienced a continuous forest cover change, leading to the loss of over 250,000 ha of forested area during the period 1990–2012. The most significant influence of the explanatory factors of deforestation were noticed in case of distance to forest edge(β=–4.215), forest fragmentation(β=2.231), slope declivity(β=–1.901), elevation(β=1.734) and distance to roads(β=–1.713). The statistical and spatial validation indicates a good accuracy of the model with reasonably AUC(0.736) and Kappa(0.739) values. The model's results suggest an intensification of the deforestation process in the area, designing numerous new clusters with high probability in the Apuseni Mountains, northern and central part of the Eastern Carpathians, western part of the Southern Carpathians and northern part of the Banat Mountains. The study cou

关键词： Deforestation probability Romanian Carpathians Logistic Regression

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Moderate/severe traumatic brain injury as a trigger of chronic neurodegeneration in humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第7期15卷 1247-1248页

作者： Sergio Bagnato cristina Boccagni Unit of Neurophysiology and Unit for Severe Acquired Brain Injuries Rehabilitation Department Giuseppe Giglio Foundation

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the paradigmatic example of acute brain injury,defined as sudden and unexpected structural and/or functional damage to the *** western countries,TBI is a main cause of prolonged disability,and it is even more impactful because it very often affects young *** to past belief,the cerebral damage caused by TBI is not limited to the short temporal phase following the mechanical ***,moderate/severe TBI can trigger several mechanisms of neuronal damage that operate for months or years after the acute injury,potentially leading to neuronal loss and brain atrophy.

关键词： acute damage injury

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Shaping Small Bioactive Molecules to Untangle Their Biological Function： A Focus on Fluorescent Plant Hormones

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Molecular Plant 2016年第8期9卷 1099-1118页

作者： Beatrice Lace cristina Prandi Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy

Modern biology overlaps with chemistry in explaining the structure and function of all cellular processes at the molecular level. Plant hormone research is perfectly located at the interface between these two disciplines, taking advantage of synthetic and computational chemistry as a tool to decipher the complex biological mechanisms regulating the action of plant hormones. These small signaling molecules regulate a wide range of developmental processes, adapting plant growth to ever changing environmental conditions. The synthesis of small bioactive molecules mimicking the activity of endogenous hormones allows us to unveil many molec- ular features of their functioning, giving rise to a new field, plant chemical biology. In this framework, fluores- cence labeling of plant hormones is emerging as a successful strategy to track the fate of these challenging molecules inside living organisms. Thanks to the increasing availability of new fluorescent probes as well as advanced and innovative imaging technologies, we are now in a position to investigate many of the dynamic mechanisms through which plant hormones exert their action. Such a deep and detailed comprehension is mandatory for the development of new green technologies for practical applications. In this review, we sum- marize the results obtained so far concerning the fluorescent labeling of plant hormones, highlighting the basic steps leading to the design and synthesis of these compelling molecular tools and their applications.

关键词： plant hormones fluorescent labeling fluorescent strigolactone analogs labeled bioactive com-pounds fluorescence imaging

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Resilience in action: The bottom up! architecture festival in Turin (Italy)

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第2期4卷 174-187页

作者： cristina Coscia Angioletta Voghera Department of Architecture and Design(DAD) Politecnico di Torinoviale Mattioli39Torino 10125Italy Responsble Riskresilience InteruniverstyDepartmentof Rgional and Urban Studies and Planing(DIST) Politecnico diTorinoviale Mattioli39Torino12 Italy

This article describes the practice of co-evolutionary and transformative resilience through a case study con-ducted in Turin(Italy).According to a broad definition,resilience includes performing actions of urban design and planning,innovating community-based project procedures,and creating positive financial outcomes that are assessable because of the monitoring process of short-and long-term outcomes and *** the Turin-based case of the Bottom Up!Architecture Festival,this article observes processes in which resilience is in action in metropolitan areas,feeding urban projects and practices of self-organization of the social and financial actors *** applying the definition of community projects,the festival manages to take territorial problems and crises(the pandemic,inequality,etc.)and view them as an opportunity to change the system,recommending in-tegrated action on the natural,cultural,financial,and social capital,innovating practices and holding society and institutions more *** transformation of spaces relies on collaborations between social and institu-tional actors,operating spatially concentrated transformations in the city of Turin,and using flexible governance tools based on co-planning and crowdfunding for project design and financing.

关键词： Resilience Bottom-up Co-evolution Crowdfunding AdaptiveGovernance Turin(Italy)

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