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Impact of introducing a herb pasture area into a New Zealand sheep and beef hill country farm system: a modeling analysis

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第1期5卷 87-97页

作者： Cécile DURANTON cory matthew Institute of Agriculture and Environment Massey University

New Zealand is well known for export of meat and dairy products from low cost pastoral systems. These farm systems are continually evolving for increased efficiency, in part through the use of metabolic energy modeling tools by farmers and farm consultants to explore alternative farm system configurations and identify new efficiencies. One recent innovation is the introduction of a herb pasture area, such as plantain. We used metabolic energy modeling to quantify seasonal feed flows in two successive years in a New Zealand hill country farm system, and to analyze the impact of the introduction of an area of plantain. Models employed were a self-built Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and a commercial New Zealand farm systems modeling package, *** production, animal performance and financial results for a base farm scenario created from the average of survey data for hill farms in the southern North Island, and the same farm with 10% and 20% of the area in plantain for the years 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 were modeled. The self-built model performed similarly to the commercial model. The system configuration of the base farm stockpiles surplus autumn feed for release to animals in winter and also incorporates flexibility that confers resilience to interannual weather variation through varying dates animals are purchased or sold. The introduction of an area of plantain was predicted to increase herbage production, animal performance and financial *** predicted benefit was higher for the year 2010–2011 where a drought occurred in summer than for the following year with higher summer rainfall. This demonstrates the profitability of introducing a plantain area to New Zealand hill farm systems, and suggests plantain will assist to mitigate adverse effects of warmer and drier summer conditions associated with current climate change trends.

关键词： farm system configuration herb pasture metabolic energy budgeting plantain sheep and beef farming

Effects of daughter tiller removal on shoot and root growth of the parent tiller in Lolium perenne

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Grassland Research 2022年第2期1卷 103-110页

作者： Arif Hasan Khan Robin cory matthew The School of Agriculture and Environment College of SciencesMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensinghBangladesh

Background:This study investigated the effects of daughter tiller removal on parent tiller development in Lolium ***:Plants of *** were grown hydroponically to allow separation of roots by phytomer position on the tiller axis and allowed to form two daughter *** Experiment 1,adult daughter tillers were excised and effects on subsequent main tiller growth were observed for 16 days,on *** Experiment 2,the growth of main tillers with or without daughter tillers was compared over 90–100 *** cultivars,‘Alto’bred from New Zealand germplasm and‘Aberdart’bred from United Kingdom germplasm were ***:Excision of adult daughter tillers reduced the dry weight of older roots at the base of parent tiller axes and accelerated new phytomer *** tillers from forming daughter tillers by new tiller excision resulted in increased individual leaf and root dry weight in tillers without daughter ***:The data indicated that daughter tillers contributed substrate for root development of their parent *** presence of daughter tillers reduced the size of their main tiller but greatly enhanced whole plant yield.

关键词： daughter tiller dry weight main tiller perennial ryegrass phytomer

Feed profile analysis of oil palm‐integrated beef cattle farming systems by metabolic energy budgeting and implications for beef production and pastoral system design

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Grassland Research 2023年第1期2卷 56-68页

作者： Januarius Gobilik Hasbudie Baco Mohd.Azid Kabul Suhaimi Dollah Stephen T.Morris cory matthew Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture Universiti Malaysia SabahSandakanSabahMalaysia Ecofarm Management Centre Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Sawit Kinabalu Farm Products Sdn Bhd TawauSabahMalaysia Veterinary Public Health Laboratory Bandar Baru Salak TinggiSelangorMalaysia School of Agriculture and Environment Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand

Background:Oil palm is a tropical crop with worldwide plantings approaching 20 million ha and large areas in Indonesia,Malaysia and *** plantations are readily managed as silvopastoral systems incorporating cattle grazing(Oil Palm Silvopastoral System for Cattle,OPSC)but there is a need for analytical tools and data to understand system herbage supply and feed conversion efficiency(FCE).Methods:Metabolic energy budgeting was used to estimate herbage harvested by cattle in three OPSC subsystems,9 and 12 years after oil palm establishment,and FCE of the subsystems was *** herbage was also analysed for nutritive value,botanical composition and herbage accumulation within one grazing‐regrowth ***:The herbage‐harvested estimate was 2.0−2.4 t dry matter(DM)ha^(-1) year^(-1) for 9 year old subsystems and 1.4-1.7 tDMha^(-1) year^(-1) for a 12 year old *** metabolisable energy(ME)was 8.3−8.5 MJ kg^(-1) DM and crude protein(CP)was 15%-16%*** values for subsystems ranged from 32 to 94 kg DM kg^(-1) liveweight‐***:Herbage DM yield is declining,while herbage ME is marginal but CP is *** is suboptimal but can be optimised by defining the trajectory of declining herbage production with canopy closure as plantations age and matching stocking rate to herbage supply using a comparativestocking‐rate‐type statistic.

关键词： beef cattle production farm feed profile feed conversion efficiency(FCE) metabolic energy budgeting(MEB) Oil Palm Silvopastoral Systems(OPS)

The diagnostic yield for computed tomography pulmonary angiography in patients with anticoagulation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 251-255页

作者： Payush Chatta Brian Diep Jakrin Kewcharoen Daniel Rossie cory Toomasian Purvi Parwani Dmitry Abramov Department of Medicine Division of CardiologyLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA Department of Medicine Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA Department of Emergency Medicine Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92374USA

BACKGROUND:Patients who present to the emergency department(ED)for suspected pulmonary embolism(PE)are often on active oral anticoagulation(AC).However,the diagnostic yield of computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)in screening for PE in patients who present on AC has not been well *** aim to investigate the diagnostic yield of CTPA in diagnosing PE depending on AC ***:We reviewed and analyzed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent CTPA for PE at a university hospital ED from June 1,2019,to March 25,*** outcome was the incidence of PE on CTPA depending on baseline AC status and indication for ***:Of 2,846 patients,242 were on AC for a history of venous thromboembolism(VTE),210 were on AC for other indications,and 2,394 were not on *** incidence of PE on CTPA was significantly lower in patients on AC for other indications(5.7%)when compared to patients on AC for prior VTE(24.3%)and patients not on AC at presentation(9.8%)(P<0.001).In multivariable analysis among the whole cohort,AC was associated with a positive CTPA(odds ratio[OR]0.26,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.15-0.45,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The incidence of PE among patients undergoing CTPA in the ED is lower in patients previously on AC for indications other than VTE when compared to those not on AC or those on AC for history of *** status and indication for AC may affect pre-test probability of a positive CTPA,and AC status therefore warrants consideration as part of future diagnostic algorithms among patients with suspected PE.

关键词： Pulmonary embolism Computed tomography pulmonary angiography Emergency department Anticoagulation

多年生黑麦草、雀麦根系形态和生长对土壤干旱的适应性

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中国生态农业学报（中英文） 2022年第11期30卷 1784-1794页

作者：张咏梅胡海英白小明 matthew cory García-Favre Javier Ordóñez Iván P 甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室兰州730070 宁夏大学农学院银川750021 甘肃农业大学草业学院兰州730070 梅西大学农业与环境学院北帕4442新西兰坎佩奈克农艺研究所智利蓬塔6212707

为了研究牧草根系对干旱环境的适应性,选择多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和雀麦(Bromus valdivianus)进行盆栽试验,给予80%~85%有效水(PAW)充分供水和20%~25%PAW极端干旱两种水分模式,通过对两种牧草的根系外形、干物质积累和根系形态... 详细信息

为了研究牧草根系对干旱环境的适应性,选择多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和雀麦(Bromus valdivianus)进行盆栽试验,给予80%~85%有效水(PAW)充分供水和20%~25%PAW极端干旱两种水分模式,通过对两种牧草的根系外形、干物质积累和根系形态学分析,探求两牧草在极干旱胁迫下的有效生产策略。研究表明,两种牧草的根尖外形略有不同。雀麦根毛长而密,分生区细胞致密,伸长区较长;多年生黑麦草根毛稀疏,伸长区短。20%~25%PAW极干旱胁迫使黑麦草根系粗细不匀,出现畸形;而雀麦根系未见明显受害。两种牧草生物量在茎叶和根的积累无显著的种间差异和水分处理间的组间差异。雀麦和多年生黑麦草单株根系的总长度、根面积、根平均直径、根尖数和分叉数存在极显著差异。多年生黑麦草根量显著高于雀麦(至少P≤0.01),根长和面积是雀麦的1.5倍左右,根尖数和分叉数是雀麦的2倍以上。雀麦根系末端侧根分枝密度高,短且粗;多年生黑麦草侧根细而长。干旱胁迫显著减少了两种牧草的总根长度,促进了雀麦根的径向生长。总之,雀麦根毛区较多年生黑麦草发达,多年生黑麦草根量显著多于雀麦。黑麦草主要以根数量(量)取胜,采取广泛吸水的适应策略;雀麦以根毛发达,侧根分枝密度高(质)为主,采用确保有效吸水的适应策略。

关键词：多年生牧草极干旱胁迫适应策略根尖根系生物量根系形态

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Equatorial Wave Expansion of Instantaneous Flows for Diagnosis of Equatorial Waves from Data:Formulation and Illustration

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第10期34卷 1219-1234页

作者： cory BARTON Ming CAI Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida32306USA Department of Earth Oceanand Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida32306USA

This paper presents a method for expanding horizontal flow variables in data using the free solutions to the shallow-water system as a basis set. This method for equatorial wave expansion of instantaneous flows（EWEIF） uses dynamic constraints in conjunction with projections of data onto parabolic cylinder functions to determine the amplitude of all equatorial *** allows us to decompose an instantaneous wave flow into individual equatorial waves with a presumed equivalent depth without using temporal or spatial filtering a *** sets of EWEIF analyses are presented. The first set is to confirm that EWEIF is capable of recovering the individual waves constructed from theoretical equatorial wave solutions under various scenarios. The other two sets demonstrate the ability of the EWEIF method to derive time series of individual equatorial waves from instantaneous wave fields without knowing a priori exactly which waves exist in the data as well as their spatial and temporal scales using outputs of an equatorial β-channel shallow-water model and ERA-Interim data. The third set of demonstrations shows, for the first time, the continuous evolutions of individual equatorial waves in the stratosphere whose amplitude is synchronized with the background zonal wind as predicted by quasi-biennial oscillation theory.

关键词： Equatorial wave expansion Instantaneous flows equatorial β-channel shallow-water model

Exercise promotes recovery after motoneuron injury via hormonal mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1373-1376页

作者： cory Chew Dale R.Sengelaub Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University

Injuries to spinal motoneurons manifest in a variety of forms,including damage to peripheral axons,neurodegenerative disease,or direct insult *** injuries produce a variety of negative structural and functional changes in both the directly affected and neighboring *** is a relatively simple behavioral intervention that has been demonstrated to protect against,and accelerate recovery from,these negative *** this article,we describe how exercise is neuroprotective for motoneurons,accelerating axon regeneration following axotomy and attenuating dendritic atrophy following the death of neighboring *** both of these injury models,the positive effects of exercise have been found to be dependent on gonadal hormone *** we describe a model in which exercise,hormones,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor might all interact to produce neuroprotective effects on motoneuron structure following neural injury.

关键词： axon regeneration axotomy dendritic morphology exercise hormones neuroprotection neurotrophins

The roles of inter- and intra-sexual selection in behavioral isolation between native and invasive pupfishes

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 135-144页

作者： cory BECHER Jennifer M. GUMM Department of Biology Stephen F. Austin State University Nacogdoches TX 75962 USA Department of Evolution EcologyOrganismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Male-male competition and female mate choice may both play important roles in driving and maintaining reproductive isolation between species. When previously allopatric species come into secondary contact with each other due to introductions, they provide an opportunity to evaluate the identity and strength of reproductive isolating mechanisms. If reproductive isolation is not maintained, hybridization may occur. We examined how reproductive isolating mechanisms medi- ate hybridization between endemic populations of the Red River pupfish Cyprinodon rubrofluviati- lis and the recently introduced sheepshead minnow C. variegatus. In lab-based dominance trials, males of both species won the same number of competitions. However, male C. rubrofluviatilis that won competitions were more aggressive than C, variegatus winners, and more aggression was needed to win against competitor C. variagatus than allopatric C. rubrofluviatilis. Duration of fights also differed based on the relatedness of the competitor. In dichotomous mate choice trials, there were no conspecific or heterospecific preferences expressed by females of either species. Our findings that male-male aggression differs between closely and distantly related groups, but female choice does not suggest that male-male competition may be the more likely mechanism to impede gene flow in this system.

关键词： Cyprinodon female mate choice invasive species male-male competition reproductive isolation sexual selection.

Dietary zinc and metallothionein on small intestinal disaccharidases activity in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第3期17卷 354-360页

作者： Cuong D Tran Johanna Cool cory J Xian Gastroenterology Unit ChildrenYouth and Women's Health Service Discipline of Physiology School of Medical SciencesThe University of Adelaide Discipline of Agricultural and Animal Science School of AgricultureFood and Wine The University of Adelaide Adelaide Sansom Institute for Health Research School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesUniversity of South Australia

AIM: To examine the effect of increasing dietary zinc (Zn) intake and the lack of metallothionein (MT) expression on activity of small intestinal disaccharidases. METHODS: MT-Ⅰ and Ⅱ knockout (MT-/-) and wild-type (MT+/+) female mice at 3.5 wk of age were randomly fed with a diet containing 2 (2 Zn), 15 (15 Zn) or 50 (50 Zn) mg Zn/kg (n = 8/group/genotype) for 5 wk. Small intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were collected and either fixed in 10% formalin for histological analysis or snap frozen in liquid nitrogen for sucrase, lactase and maltase activity ***: Plasma Zn was significantly (P < 0.05) lower (33%) in MT-/- compared with MT+/+ mice fed the 2 Zn diet. Villus height and crypt depth were increased by approximately 15% in MT+/+ mice compared with MT-/- mice. Duodenal disaccharidase activities were significantly higher in MT+/+ compared with MT-/- mice particularly in those fed the 2 Zn diet. For the 50 Zn diet, jejunal sucrase and lactase activities were significantly higher in MT-/- (13 313 ± 2314; 4107 ± 364 μmol glucose/well/min/g tissue, respectively) compared with MT+/+ mice (7054 ± 608; 1818 ± 174). Similarly, ileal lactase activities were higher in MT-/- (1480 ± 192) compared with MT+/+ (629 ± 353) mice particularly those fed the 2 Zn diet. CONCLUSION: Increasing dietary Zn has little effect on disaccharidases activity in MT wild-type mice. The presence of MT may enhance morphological and functional development of the gut.

关键词： Lactase Maltase Sucrase Metallothionein Diet Zinc