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Management of male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism:A clinical update

World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-28页

作者： Mohan t Shenoy Sunetra Mondal cornelius James Fernandez Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology Sree Gokulam Medical Collegeand Research FoundationTrivandrum 695607KeralaIndia Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

the global obesity pandemic has resulted in a rise in the prevalence of male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism(MOSH)with emerging evidence on the role of testosterone *** aim to provide an updated and practical approach towards its *** did a comprehensive literature search across MEDLINE(via PubMed),Scopus,and Google Scholar databases using the keywords“MOSH”OR“Obesity-related hypogonadism”OR“testosterone replacement therapy”OR“Selective estrogen receptor modulator”OR“SERM”OR“Guidelines on male hypogonadism”as well as a manual search of references within the articles.A narrative review based on available evidence,recommendations and their practical implications was *** weight loss is the ideal therapeutic strategy for patients with MOSH,achievement of significant weight reduction is usually difficult with lifestyle changes alone in real-world ***,androgen administration is often necessary in the management of hypogonadism in patients with MOSH which also improves many other comorbidities related to ***,there is conflicting evidence for the appropriate use of testosterone replacement therapy(tRt),and it can also be associated with *** evidence-based review updates the available evidence including the very recently published results of the tRAVERSE trial and provides comprehensive clinical practice pearls for the management of patients with *** starting testosterone replacement in functional hypogonadism of obesity,it would be desirable to initiate lifestyle modification to ensure weight *** should be coupled with the management of other comorbidities related to obesity in MOSH *** the risks and benefits of tRt should be considered in every patient before and during longterm management.

关键词： Male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism Androgen therapy testosterone replacement therapy Obesity Cardiovascular benefits

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Diabetes and tuberculosis:An emerging dual threat to healthcare

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1409-1416页

作者： Sahana Shetty Joseph M Pappachan cornelius James Fernandez Department of Endocrinology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipalManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom

tuberculosis(tB)remains a huge global healthcare challenge even in the 21^(st) century though the prevalence has dropped in developed countries in recent *** mellitus(DM)is an important risk factor for the development and perpetuation of tB owing to the immune dysfunction in patients with *** coexistence of both diseases in the same individual also aggravates disease severity,complications,and chance of treatment failure because of gross immune alterations posed by DM as well as *** complex cellular and humoral immunological factors are involved in the dangerous interaction between tB and DM,some of which remain unknown even *** is highly important to identify the risk factors for tB in patients with DM,and vice versa,to ensure early diagnosis and management to prevent complications from this ominous *** their research study published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes,Shi et al elaborate on the factors associated with the development of tB in a large cohort of DM patients from *** such research output from different regions of the world is expected to improve our knowledge to fight the health devastation posed by tB in patients with diabetes.

关键词： tuberculosis Diabetes mellitus Immune dysfunction treatment failure Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis

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自由探索行为中海马—前额叶神经网络振荡特征

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Science Bulletin 2021年第21期66卷 2238-2250,M0004页

作者：董文秀陈宏标 timothy Sit 韩业超宋非 Alexei L.Vyssotski cornelius t.gross 斯白露詹阳 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulationthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain DiseasesShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110169 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Neuroinformatics the University of Zürich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(ETH)Zurich CH-8057Switzerland European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL) Monterotondo 00015Italy School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

生物体探索未知环境的轨迹呈现出规律性,这反映了个体的探索模式和适应策略.然而,探索过程的轨迹动态变化特征以及神经机制尚不清楚.本研究利用探索大范围旷场环境的行为范式,开发了用于度量探索行为轨迹的计算方法,并且记录了小鼠大脑... 详细信息

生物体探索未知环境的轨迹呈现出规律性,这反映了个体的探索模式和适应策略.然而,探索过程的轨迹动态变化特征以及神经机制尚不清楚.本研究利用探索大范围旷场环境的行为范式,开发了用于度量探索行为轨迹的计算方法,并且记录了小鼠大脑的场电位信号.开发的累积熵和短时熵方法可以分别表征累积探索行为和短时探索行为.局部场电位分析表明背侧海马的theta频段的功率与短时熵高度相关.机器学习的分析结果表明,利用背侧海马体和前额叶皮层的神经振荡可以准确地预测多种探索行为.探索行为出现时,前额叶和背侧海马体theta频段的功率分别上升和下降.因此,在探索未知区域时背侧海马体和前额叶可以通过协同调节theta频段的神经活动来影响自由探索行为.

关键词：自由探索行为轨迹前额叶皮层神经活动机器学习行为范式神经网络探索行为

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Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation for end-stage renal failure in type 1 diabetes mellitus: Current perspectives

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World Journal of transplantation 2023年第5期13卷 208-220页

作者： Lakshmi Nagendra cornelius James Fernandez Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology JSS Medical CollegeJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysore 570015India Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

type 1 diabetes mellitus(t1DM)is one of the important causes of chronic kidney disease(CKD)and end-stage renal failure(ESRF).Even with the best available treatment options,management of t1DM poses significant challenges for clinicians across the world,especially when associated with CKD and *** increases in morbidity and mortality along with marked rise in treatment costs and marked reduction of quality of life are the usual consequences of onset of CKD and progression to ESRF in patients with *** pancreas-kidney transplant(SPK)is an attractive and promising treatment option for patients with advanced CKD/ESRF and t1DM for potential cure of these diseases and possibly several ***,limited availability of the organs for transplantation,the need for long-term immunosuppression to prevent rejection,peri-and post-operative complications of SPK,lack of resources and the expertise for the procedure in many centers,and the cost implications related to the surgery and postoperative care of these patients are major issues faced by clinicians across the *** clinical update review compiles the latest evidence and current recommendations of SPK for patients with t1DM and advanced CKD/ESRF to enable clinicians to care for these diseases.

关键词： type 1 diabetes mellitus Chronic kidney disease End-stage renal failure Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation Perioperative complications Immunosuppression

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真实驾驶循环中的发动机电基合成燃料评估

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同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S1期50卷 218-236页

作者：杨棋锐 Michel GRILL cornelius WAGNER Markus MAUL Andre KULZER 斯图加特汽车工程与车辆发动机研究所(FKFS) 德国斯图加特70569 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

电基合成燃料(E-Fuels)是实现环境和气候目标的一个重要组成部分。其中C1含氧化合物因其具备清洁燃烧的特性而备受关注,包括氧化亚甲基醚(OME)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和甲酸甲酯(MeFo)。为探索新型燃料在内燃机中的潜力,对汽油和柴油燃烧、... 详细信息

电基合成燃料(E-Fuels)是实现环境和气候目标的一个重要组成部分。其中C1含氧化合物因其具备清洁燃烧的特性而备受关注,包括氧化亚甲基醚(OME)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和甲酸甲酯(MeFo)。为探索新型燃料在内燃机中的潜力,对汽油和柴油燃烧、排放模型进行了优化和扩展。在成功验证和标定模型后,对虚拟测试车辆进行了研究,重点关注燃料的效率潜力、排放水平和经济性。首先,基于现代汽油、柴油和天然气发动机,开发了不同概念的OME和DMC/MeFo发动机;其次,在真实驾驶循环(RDE)中对这些发动机概念在E级乘用车和40 t卡车上的应用进行了评估。结果表明,通过调整喷射策略和匹配废气再循环,OME发动机能实现最佳的热效率和极低的排放;混合燃料DMC/MeFo由于高抗爆性,结合先进的发动机技术,能达到接近柴油机的热效率,且发动机复杂性大大降低,这使得DMC/MeFo燃料在重型卡车应用中具有广阔的前景。

关键词：电基合成燃料实际驾驶排放 0D/1D仿真氧化亚甲基醚碳酸二甲酯甲酸甲酯

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Material-specific high-resolution table-top extreme ultraviolet microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 991-1000页

作者： Wilhelm Eschen Lars Loetgering Vittoria Schuster Robert Klas Alexander Kirsche Lutz Berthold Michael Steinert thomas Pertsch Herbert gross Michael Krause Jens Limpert Jan Rothhardt Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaAlbert-Einstein-Str.1507745 JenaGermany HelmholtzInstitute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany Leibniz Institute of Photonic technology Albert-Einstein-Straße 907745 JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS WalterHülse-Str.106120 HalleGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Albert-Einstein-Str.707745 JenaGermany

Microscopy with extreme ultraviolet(EUV)radiation holds promise for high-resolution imaging with excellent material contrast,due to the short wavelength and numerous element-specific absorption edges available in this spectral *** the same time,EUV radiation has significantly larger penetration depths than *** thus enables a nano-scale view into complex three-dimensional structures that are important for material science,semiconductor metrology,and next-generation ***,we present high-resolution and material-specific microscopy at 13.5 nm *** combine a highly stable,high photon-flux,table-top EUV source with an interferometrically stabilized ptychography *** utilizing structured EUV illumination,we overcome the limitations of conventional EUV focusing optics and demonstrate high-resolution microscopy at a half-pitch lateral resolution of 16 ***,we propose mixed-state orthogonal probe relaxation ptychography,enabling robust phase-contrast imaging over wide fields of view and long acquisition *** this way,the complex transmission of an integrated circuit is precisely reconstructed,allowing for the classification of the material composition of mesoscopic semiconductor systems.

关键词： resolution ultraviolet extreme

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the effect of performance demands on lower extremity biomechanics during landing and cutting tasks

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 228-234页

作者： Boyi Dai William E.Garrett Michael t.gross Darin A.Padua Robin M.Queen Bing Yu Division of Kinesiology and Health University of Wyoming Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University Division of Physical therapy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Kevin Granata Biomechanics Lab Department of Biomedical Engineering and MechanicsVirginia Tech

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injuries commonly occur during the early phase of landing and cutting tasks that involve sudden decelerations. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of jump height and jump speed on lower extremity biomechanics during a stop-jump task and the effect of cutting speed on lower extremity biomechanics during a side-cutting ***: thirty-six recreational athletes performed a stop-jump task under 3 conditions: jumping fast, jumping for maximum height, and jumping for 60% of maximum height. Participants also performed a side-cutting task under 2 conditions: cutting at maximum speed and cutting at 60% of maximum speed. three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were ***:the jumping fast condition resulted in increased peak posterior ground reaction force(PPGRF), knee extension moment at PPGRF,and knee joint stiffness and decreased knee flexion angle compared with the jumping for maximum height condition. the jumping for 60% of maximum height condition resulted in decreased knee flexion angle compared with the jumping for maxrimum height condition. Participants demonstrated greater PPGRF, knee extension moment at PPGRF, knee valgus angle and varus moment at PPGRF, knee joint stiffness, and knee flexion angle during the cutting at maximum speed condition compared with the cutting at 60% maximum speed ***: Performing jump landing at an increased jump speed resulted in lower extremity movement patterns that have been previously associated with an increase in ACL loading. Cutting speed also affected lower extremity biomechanics. Jump speed and cutting speed need to be considered when designing AC.L injury risk screening and injury prevention programs.

关键词： ACL injury Injury prevention Kinematics Kinetics Loading mechanism Risk factor

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thulium：YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate in large glands： a prospective comparison using 70- and 120-W 2-μm lasers

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 325-329页

作者： Christopher Netsch thorsten Bach thomas RW Herrmann Andreas J gross Department of Urology Asklepios Hospital BarmbekHamburg 22291Germany Department of Urology MHH Medical School of HannoverHannover 30625Germany

this study compared the efficacy of 70- and 120-w 2-μm thulium：YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate （thuVEP） for patients with benign prostatic obstruction （BPO）. A prospective analysis of 84 patients with symptomatic BPO and prostatic enlargement （t〉 60 ml） who underwent either 70-w （n=44） or 120-w thuVEP （n=40） non-randomly was carried out. Patient demographics and perioperative and 12-month follow-up data were analysed. the mean prostate volume was 79.90---27.49 ml in patients who had received 70-w thuVEP, which was less than in those who had received 120-w thuVEP （88.53＋-25.10; P=0.033）. the mean enucleation （resected weight/laser time, 2.16±1.21 g min-1 vs. 1.23±0.60 g min-1; P=-0.013）, operation efficiency （resected weight/total operation time, 0.76±0.35 g min-1 vs. 0.42＋-0.27 g min-1; P=-0.000） and percentage of resected tissue （66.93%±22.79% vs. 45.41%±23.33%; P=-0.000） were higher with 120-w treatment compared to 70-w thuVEP. One patient （1.2% of total patients）（in the 120-w group） required a blood transfusion postoperatively. Sixty-one patients （73%） were available for review at the 12-month follow-up time point. the quality of life （QoL）, International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS）, maximum urinary flow rate （Qmax）, postvoiding residual urine （PVR） and prostate volume improved significantly after treatment （P≤ 0.035） and were not significantly different between those treated with the different devices （70- and 120-w）. the median prostate volume reduction was 81.70% and 82.19% with 70- and 120-w thuVEP, respectively. the incidence of complications was low and did not differ between groups treated with the different devices. two patients （2.4%）（one per group） had a bladder neck contracture at the follow-up. thuVEP is a safe and efficacious procedure for the treatment of symptomatic BPO. the incidence of complications was low with both devices. the 120-w thulium：YAG device enhances the effectiveness of th,VEP with reeard to the oercentaee of resected tissue

关键词： benign prostatic obstruction laser prostate Revolix tm:YAG thuVEP VapoEnucleation

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数组的结构化数据流分析及其在优化编译程序中的使用

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软件 1990年第8期11卷 624-641页

作者： gross,t 邵惠玲

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小胶质细胞控制成年小鼠海马中的谷氨酸能突触

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神经损伤与功能重建 2021年第10期16卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Bernadette Basilico Laura Ferrucci Patrizia Ratano Maria t Golia Alfonso Grimaldi Maria Rosito Valentina Ferretti Ingrid Reverte Caterina Sanchini Maria C Marrone Maria Giubettini Valeria De turris Debora Salerno Stefano Garofalo Marie-Kim St-Pierre Micael Carrier Massimiliano Renzi Francesca Pagani Brijesh Modi Marcello Raspa Ferdinando Scavizzi cornelius t gross Silvia Marinelli Marie-Ève tremblay Daniele Caprioli Laura Maggi Cristina Limatola Silvia Di Angelantonio Davide Ragozzino Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly. Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology Inflammaging Unit IRCCS NeuromedMediterranean Neurological InstitutePozzilliISItaly. Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-science Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaRomeItaly. Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly. Santa Lucia Foundation(IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia) RomeItaly. European Brain Research Institute(EBRI)‘Rita Levi-Montalcini’ RomeItaly. CrestOptics S.p.A RomeItaly. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Axe Neurosciences QuébecQuebec CityCanada. Département de Médecine Moléculaire UniversitéLaval QuébecQuebec CityCanada.1 National Research Council Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC)International Campus“A.Buzzati-Traverso”Monterotondo(Rome)Italy.1 Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL)MonterotondoItaly.1 Division of Medical Sciences University of VictoriaVictoriaCanada.1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza UniversityLaboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur ItaliaRomeItaly.

小胶质细胞是调节大脑突触发育和可塑性的重要细胞类型,但其影响突触的正常功能的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们通过PLX5622造成小胶质细胞耗竭,并观察其对成年野生型小鼠海马CA3-CA1突触的影响。在小胶质细胞耗竭后,与树突棘密度降低... 详细信息

小胶质细胞是调节大脑突触发育和可塑性的重要细胞类型,但其影响突触的正常功能的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们通过PLX5622造成小胶质细胞耗竭,并观察其对成年野生型小鼠海马CA3-CA1突触的影响。在小胶质细胞耗竭后,与树突棘密度降低相关的自发和诱发谷氨酸能活动的减少,出现未成熟突触特征以及突触的可塑性提高。小胶质细胞耗竭的小鼠在新物体识别任务的获取方面表现出缺陷。海马星形胶质细胞出现增生,但并没有神经炎症反应。在Cx3cr1-/-小鼠中,PLX不能导致海马出现上述改变。这说明CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴在小胶质细胞对突触功能的控制中有重要作用。PLX5622停用后,小胶质细胞的重新增殖,海马突触恢复,小鼠的学习功能也出现恢复。综上所述,小胶质细胞对维持成人大脑的突触的正常功能用重要的作用,去除小胶质细胞会导致谷氨酸能突触组织和活动的可逆变化。

关键词：谷氨酸能传递海马体学习小胶质细胞神经元-小胶质细胞相互作用突触

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