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Storylines of family medicine Ⅲ:core principles—primary care,systems and family

Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 23-32页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone timothy A Joslin John W Saultz Sommer Aldulaimi Paul R Gordon John C Lane Eric R Lee Jacob Prunuske Limor Gildenblatt Michael H Friedman colleen t fogarty Susan H McDaniel tessa Rohrberg Amy Odom Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA Family and Community Medicine University of Arizona Medical Center–South CampusTucsonArizonaUSA Family and Community Medicine University of Arizona Medical Center–University CampusTucsonArizonaUSA UAMS West Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program Fort SmithArkansasUSA Medical College of Wisconsin–Central Wisconsin Campus WausauWisconsinUSA Family and Community Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin–Central Wisconsin CampusWausauWisconsinUSA Family Medicine Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA Family Medicine Presence Saints Mary and Elizabeth Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA Family Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA Psychiatry and Family Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA Family and Community Medicine University of Kansas School of Medicine-WichitaWichitaKansasUSA Sparrow/Michigan State University Family Medicine Residency Program LansingMichiganUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅲ:core principles—primary care,systems,and family’,authors address the following themes:‘Continuity of care—building therapeutic relationships over time’,‘Comprehensiveness—combining breadth and depth of scope’,‘Coordination of care—managing multiple realities’,‘Access to care—intersectional,systemic,and personal’,‘Systems theory—a core value in patient-centered care’,‘Family-oriented practice—supporting patients’health and well-being’,‘Family physician as family member’and‘Family in the exam room’.May readers develop new understandings from these essays.

关键词： individual Storyline principles

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Evaluation of activity of triclabendazole against taenia solium metacestode in naturally infected pigs

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Medicine 2016年第1期9卷 20-23页

作者： Ana Vargas-Calla Luis A.Gomez-Puerta Juan Calcina Omar Gonzales-Viera Cesar Gavidia Maria t.Lopez-Urbina Hector H.Garcia Armando E.Gonzalez School of Veterinary Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Cysticercosis Elimination Program and Center for Global Heath tumbes Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Department of Microbiology School of SciencesUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Objective:to assess the efficacy of triclabendazole(tCBZ) in porcine ***:Eighteen naturally infected cysticercotic pigs were divided into 3 groups of 6 individuals *** first group was treated orally with tCBZ at a single dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight,the second group was treated orally with oxfendazole at a single dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight and the third group received a placebo(control group).All animals were kept under the same management *** pigs were euthanized 17 wk post-treatment and the number of surviving cysts in muscles was assessed and compared between ***:All pigs treated with oxfendazole had only degenerated cysts in their *** contrast,tCBZ had very little effect against the parasitic *** from pigs in the tCBZ group looked apparently normal after ***,histological evaluation showed a mild to moderate degree of ***:tCBZ is not an efficacious drug against taenia solium cysticercosis in swine using a single dose.

关键词： taenia solium Cysticercosis triclabendazole Oxfendazole treatment

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2009年中国卷烟消费税调整后对卷烟价格及戒烟意愿影响的调查

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中华流行病学杂志 2012年第8期33卷 870-871页

作者：李强 Geoffrey t. Fong 王聪晓毛正中 HU teh-wei 姜垣中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办公室北京100050 加拿大滑铁卢大学心理学系加拿大安大略癌症研究所四川大学华西公共卫生学院美国加州大学公共卫生学院

提高卷烟价格及税率是控制烟草消费最有效手段之一。WHO《烟草控制框架公约》（《公约》）明确要求缔约国“对烟草制品实施税收政策并在适宜时实施价格政策，以促进旨在减少烟草消费的卫生目标”。我国目前卷烟价格及税率均较低。2010... 详细信息

提高卷烟价格及税率是控制烟草消费最有效手段之一。WHO《烟草控制框架公约》（《公约》）明确要求缔约国“对烟草制品实施税收政策并在适宜时实施价格政策，以促进旨在减少烟草消费的卫生目标”。我国目前卷烟价格及税率均较低。2010年，我国半数吸烟者所吸卷烟价格不超过5元／盒；卷烟税收占零售价格的比例约为43．4％，远低于国际平均水平（65％－70％）。

关键词：烟草控制卷烟价格消费税

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High Prevalence of Suboptimal Child-Feeding Practices and Child Morbidity among Families from Low Socio-Economic Urban Areas in Harare

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Journal of Health Science 2020年第3期8卷 75-82页

作者： Dexter t.Chagwena Prosper Chopera Nyanga G.t.Mushonga Loveness K.Nyanga Stella Nyagura Evidence Matangi Nutri@ctive Zimbabwe 96 Golden Stairs RdMt PleasantHarareZimbabwe Department of Nutrition Dietetics and Food Science University of ZimbabweBox MP 167 Mt Pleasant HarareZimbabwe School of Pharmacy College of Health SciencesUniversity of ZimbabweBox MP 167 Mt Pleasant HarareZimbabwe Statistics Department University of ZimbabweBox MP 167Mt PleasantHarareZimbabwe

Introduction:Optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding have been proven to reduce *** socio-economic environment is associated with poor feeding practices,high morbidity,and risk of malnutrition among children from urban poor ***:the aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess child-feeding practices and morbidity prevalence among Harare urban-families living in low socio-economic ***:A health-facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in five clinics of Harare serving low socio-economic communities between July and August 2014.A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire assessing child-feeding practices was used to interview primary *** of diarrhea,influenza,malaria,measles,fever,and cough was *** were analysed using SPSS ***:A total of 218 mother-child pairs attending growth monitoring were enrolled in the study:Seventy-five percent of the children were below two years;early introduction of solid foods(before six months)was observed in 81.4%of the ***-nine percent of young children were fed at least four meals per day and 74%had been weaned onto family meals;twenty-four percent of the children had diarrhea,59%influenza,1%malaria,1%measles,23%fever and 53%cough in the month preceding the ***:there is a high prevalence of suboptimal feeding practices and morbidity in low socio-economic urban communities of *** is need to design child-feeding interventions for the urban community targeting all family members involved in decision-making.

关键词： Exclusive breastfeeding complementary feeding child-feeding practices morbidity Zimbabwe.

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中国六城市卷烟价格变化情况及其对吸烟行为的影响

中国六城市卷烟价格变化情况及其对吸烟行为的影响

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第15届全国控制吸烟学术研讨会

作者：李强胡德伟毛正中 Richard O'Connor Geoffrey t.Fong 张晶晶 Anne C.K.Quah 王聪晓姜垣加拿大滑铁卢大学心理学系中国疾控中心控烟办公室加州大学伯克利分校公共卫生学院四川大学卫生经济系

＜正＞1.研究背景提高烟草价格是控制烟草消费最有效的手段之一。研究证实,卷烟零售价格每提高10%,烟草消费量就会减少约4%。而我国的一些研究提示,中国卷烟价格弹性约在-0.15～-0.5之间。因此,世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》要求各... 详细信息

＜正＞1.研究背景提高烟草价格是控制烟草消费最有效的手段之一。研究证实,卷烟零售价格每提高10%,烟草消费量就会减少约4%。而我国的一些研究提示,中国卷烟价格弹性约在-0.15～-0.5之间。因此,世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》要求各缔约国"对烟草制品实施税收政策并在适宜时实施价格政策,以促进旨在减少烟草消费的卫生目标"。

关键词：卷烟价格烟消费税吸烟者行为控制

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南非农村地区HIV阳性儿童的广泛耐药结核病情况

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2011年第4期6卷 162-168页

作者： t.A.thomas S.V.Shenoi S.K.Heysell F.J.Eksteen V.B.Sunkari N.R.Gandhi G.Friedland N.S.Shah 王冬梅 tugela Ferry Care and Research Collaboration Tugela Ferry KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Department of Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut Division of Infectious Disease and International Health University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia AIDS Program Section of Infectious Diseases Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA tugela Ferry Care and Research Collaboration Tugela Ferry KwaZulu-Natal South AfricaChurch of Scotland Hospital and Philanjalo Care Centre Tugela FerryKwaZulu-Natal Department of Paediatrics King George V Hospital Durban South Africa Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx New York New York USA

背景:全球均有对广泛耐药结核病的文献报道,但对儿童广泛耐药结核病的文献报道非常罕见。目的:报告南非农村地区广泛耐药结核病患儿的特征。设计:在南非共和国图盖拉渡口地区,对2006年1月—2007年12月间登记的经痰培养确诊为广泛耐药结... 详细信息

背景:全球均有对广泛耐药结核病的文献报道,但对儿童广泛耐药结核病的文献报道非常罕见。目的:报告南非农村地区广泛耐药结核病患儿的特征。设计:在南非共和国图盖拉渡口地区,对2006年1月—2007年12月间登记的经痰培养确诊为广泛耐药结核病的患儿进行了回顾性评估。从患儿病案中获得其人口统计学、临床和微生物学信息。结果:4例6～8岁的儿童为广泛耐药结核病患者。其中2例患儿先前有结核病史。4例患儿均为感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒的孤儿,其中3例在诊断患有广泛耐药结核病之前已接受了高效抗逆转录病毒治疗。在接受标准化抗广泛耐药结核病和高效抗逆转录病毒治疗后,所有患儿的临床表现、影像学均改善,痰培养阴转。其中2例患儿较好地耐受了抗广泛耐药结核病和高效抗逆转录病毒同时治疗。另外2例出现了环丝氨酸相关的神经精神系统不良反应。4例患儿的存活时间均超过24个月,广泛耐药结核病均得到治愈。在诊断为广泛耐药结核病之前,这些患儿在儿科病房的平均住院时间为8个月(5～17个月),包括3个月的住院重叠期。结论:广泛耐药结核病依靠微生物学来确诊,合并艾滋病的广泛耐药结核病患者也能被成功诊断。尽管需要对同时接受两种治疗的潜在交叉毒性开展更多的研究,但本研究显示患儿同时接受抗广泛耐药结核病和高效抗逆转录病毒治疗是可行且有效的。

关键词：广泛耐药结核病耐药结核病结核病儿科艾滋病/结核病双重感染

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