检索结果-南通市图书馆

第三世界生态高峰会

作者： MA Q.L~(1,2) 1 Gansu key lab of comhating desertification,Gansu Desert Control research institute,Wuwei 733000.Gansu province,china 2 Shapotou Desert research and Experiment Station.cold and arid Regins environmental and engineering research institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,lanzhou 730000,Gansu province,china

Agriophyllum squarrosum Moq,a therophyte of sandy soils,is considered as the best indicator of the beginning of community succession on shifting sand *** can dominate most of the shifting sand dunes,but its eco-charateristics and roles is known little,so t he experiment was conducted to understand the distribution and growth charateristics,ecological roles of such pioneer annual C4 grasses on shifting sand dunes in Hexi *** experiment was conducted at Minqin Desert Control Comprehensive Experimental Station（38°34′N,102°58′E）.The sampling method was adopted to investigated the distribution of on different land and *** plot size was 2m×2m,The plot number of each site was *** ten sampling plants were selected to observed modules and growth pattern of *** wind breaking and sand stabilizing of *** individual and *** community were observed by the portable wind velocity measuring *** results showed that spatial pattern of *** was clumped pattern under large and small scale at different habitats which were extremely unstable,that was,the surface substrate frequently shifts,the soil water-content was highly variable and the site did not permit the growth of any other plant *** of the elongation of its fine roots,*** were well adapted to dry sandy soil and able to penetrate deep soil layers containing *** biomass and the pod numbers increased under conditions where enough water was *** A,squarrosum had many branches which divaricating place was lower,strong mechanism intensity and strong root system to endure wind erosion in winter and spring seasons,so it could reduce wind velocity *** individual reduced wind velocity obviously,so sands carried by wind current to pileup and form the sandy *** curve of the sandy tongue to the physical volume of *** was conic that equation was y=0.0008x-0.2117x+ 43.509（R=0.964）.Highest an

关键词： Agriophyllum squarrosum pioneer annual Hexi corridor ecological characteristics ecological role

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流沙固定过程中土壤-植被系统演变对水环境的影响

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土壤学报 2003年第6期40卷 809-814页

作者：肖洪浪李新荣段争虎李涛李守忠中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站兰州730000

横穿腾格里沙漠的防风固沙体系始建于 1 95 6年 ,确保了包兰铁路近半个世纪的畅通无阻。在几十年的土壤 -植被系统演变中 ,花棒 +柠条 +油蒿 -干旱砂质新成土的人工系统演变为油蒿 +雾冰藜 +小画眉草 -简育正常干旱土的半天然、天然系... 详细信息

横穿腾格里沙漠的防风固沙体系始建于 1 95 6年 ,确保了包兰铁路近半个世纪的畅通无阻。在几十年的土壤 -植被系统演变中 ,花棒 +柠条 +油蒿 -干旱砂质新成土的人工系统演变为油蒿 +雾冰藜 +小画眉草 -简育正常干旱土的半天然、天然系统 ;生物结皮发育、结皮层形成改变了降水的再分配过程 ;在 2 0～ 5 0 0cm深度的干旱层因灌木的排水作用而形成 ,低等植物也开始与草本和灌木竞争水分 ,深根系的灌木很难得到降水的补给 ,逐渐退出了防护体系 ;土壤 -植被系统趋于更薄的活动层。

关键词：流沙固定过程土壤-植被系统系统演变水环境影响因素

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Ecological Economic Problems and Development Patterns of the arid Inland River Basin in Northwest china

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2006年第6期35卷 316-318页

作者： Lihua Zhou Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,320 Dong Gang West Road,lanzhou 730000,People’s Republic of china lhzhou@lzb.ac.cnGuojing Yang Laboratory of Watershed Hydrology and Ecology,cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,320 Dong Gang West Road,lanzhou 730000,People’s Republic of china ygj7518@*** 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所荒漠与荒漠化重点实验室

中国西北部干旱区的内陆河流域位于欧亚大陆的中心（35°N，106°E），占全国陆地总面积的24.5％，是世界上最干旱的地区之一。该区具有较为湿润的山地和干旱的平原地带性交替特征。发源于山区的几条河流，如黑河、石羊河．疏勒河和塔... 详细信息

中国西北部干旱区的内陆河流域位于欧亚大陆的中心（35°N，106°E），占全国陆地总面积的24.5％，是世界上最干旱的地区之一。该区具有较为湿润的山地和干旱的平原地带性交替特征。发源于山区的几条河流，如黑河、石羊河．疏勒河和塔里木河，在流经中游地区，孕育了一些生机盎然的绿洲后，注入一些小的湖泊或者消失在广袤的干旱荒漠盆地。山地．绿洲和沙漠相间分布的景观特征是中国西北干旱区内陆河流域典型的景观格局。尽管该区相对于其他的干旱地区来说有较多的农牧业生产活动，水资源问题仍然是限制该区经济发展的重要影响因素。我们以黑河流域作为一个案例，

关键词：西北干旱区内陆河流域中国西北部经济问题生态景观特征黑河流域水资源问题

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额济纳绿洲土壤养分的空间异质性

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生态学杂志 2009年第12期28卷 2600-2606页

作者：司建华冯起鱼腾飞常宗强席海洋苏永红中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所阿拉善荒漠生态水文试验研究站兰州730000 兰州大学资源与环境科学学院兰州730000

利用地统计学方法研究了额济纳绿洲土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾的空间异质性。结果表明:土壤养分含量分布均有较大的空间异质性,土壤有机质的理论模型为指数模型,全氮、全磷和全钾的理论模型均为球状模型;额济纳绿洲土壤有机质、全氮... 详细信息

利用地统计学方法研究了额济纳绿洲土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾的空间异质性。结果表明:土壤养分含量分布均有较大的空间异质性,土壤有机质的理论模型为指数模型,全氮、全磷和全钾的理论模型均为球状模型;额济纳绿洲土壤有机质、全氮、全钾主要受结构性因子的影响,全磷受结构性因子和随机因子的共同影响;全氮、全磷和全钾的变程在7.68～7.86km,土壤有机质的变程较小,为5.4km。土壤养分的空间分布表现为南北高,中间低的分布格局。

关键词：土壤养分空间异质性地统计学 GIS 额济纳绿洲

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Lightning activity and precipitation structure of hailstorms

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Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第4期50卷 629-639页

作者： FENG GuiLi1,2, QIE XiuShu3,1, YUAN Tie1 & NIU ShuZhen4 1 Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm, cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, lanzhou 730000, china 2 Shandong research institute of Meteorology, Jinan 250031, china 3 institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 4 The Meteorological Observatory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, china 1. Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Shandong research institute of Meteorology Jinan 250031 China 3. institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 4. The Meteorological Observatory of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450003 China

By using the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning location data from the lightning detection network of He- nan Province, surface Doppler radar data and standard orbit data of PR, TMI and LIS on TRMM satellite, the spatial and temporal characteristics of CG lightning flashes in 10 severe hailstorms are analyzed. The results show that the percentage of +CG lightning in these hailstorms is high with an average value of 45.5%. There is a distinct increase in CG flash rate during the rapid development stage of hailstorms. The hailstone falling corresponds to an active positive flash period, and the increase of +CG flash rate is generally accompanied with a decrease of –CG flash rate. The flash rate declines rapidly during the dissipating stage of hailstorms. The precipitation structure and lightning activity in two typical hail- storms are studied in detail. It is found that strong convective cells with reflectivity greater than 30dBZ mainly are situated in the front region of hailstorms, whereas the trailing stratiform region is in the rear part of the hailstorms. The maximum heights of echo top are higher than 14 km. Convective rain con- tributes much more rainfall to the total than stratiform rain, and the convective rain takes about 85% and 97% of the total in the two cases, respectively. Total lightning in the hailstorms is very active with the flash rate up to 183 fl/min and 55 fl/min, respectively. The results also indicate that most lightning flashes occurred in the echo region greater than 30 dBZ and its immediate periphery. The probability of lightning occurrence is 20 times higher in the convective region than in the stratiform region. The result suggests that the lightning information is helpful to the identification of convective rain region. The linear relationship between flash rate and ice water content is disclosed primarily.

关键词： total lightning activity positive CG lightning hailstorm convective rain ice water content

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Current developments of research on permafrost engineering and cold region environment:a report of the 8^(th) International Symposium on Permafrost engineering

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research in cold and arid regions 2010年第2期2卷 93-103页

作者： FuJun Niu 1,2,GuoYu Li 1,ShuPing Zhao 1,ShuJuan Zhang 1,YongGuo Zhao 2,HuiJun Jin 1 1.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil engineering,cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,lanzhou,Gansu Province 730000,china 2.Key Laboratory of Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology for Permafrost regions of Ministry of Communications,CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi Province 710068,china State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of ScieneesLanzhouGansu Province 730000China Key Laboratory of Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology for Permafrost regions of Ministry of Communications CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.Ltd.Xi'anShaanxi Province 710068China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of ScieneesLanzhouGansu Province 730000China Key Laboratory of Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology for Permafrost regions of Ministry of Communications CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.Ltd.Xi'anShaanxi Province 710068China

The Eighth International Symposium on Permafrost engineering was held in Xi’an,china,October *** major topics discussed in the symposium included:permafrost engineering (involving design,construction and evaluation);mitigation of frost hazards in the regions affected by seasonally frozen ground;properties of frozen soils,model development and their applications;frost hazards and periglacial environments in mountain and plateau regions;climatic,environmental and cryospheric changes;and permafrost hydrology,cold regions water resources and land *** papers submitted to the symposium and lectures during the meeting represented some new developments of research on cold region engineering and *** we summarized the works of the symposium in topics including:Permafrost engineering;General geocryology;Properties of frozen soils:model development and their applications;And climatic,environmental and cryospheric *** the symposium,the attendees pointed out that future studies should pay more attention to theoretical study and engineering mechanism study,and also on interaction between climate change and cold region environments and their engineering affects.

关键词： the 8th symposium permafrost engineering cold region environment summarizing

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Distribution of δ18O in surface snow along a transect from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,East Antarctica

Distribution of δ18O in surface snow along a transect from ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第十届(2010年度)学术年会

作者： DING MingHu~(1,2,3*),XIAO CunDe~2,JIN Bo~4,REN JiaWen~2,QIN DaHe~2 & SUN WeiZhen~2 1 Division of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences,cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,lanzhou 730000,china 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,china 4 Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration,Beijing 100860,china

Surface snow samples were collected during the 14th(1997/1998)and 24th(2007/2008)Chinese National Antarctica research Expeditions along a transect from Zhongshan Station to Dome *** stable oxygen isotope ratios of these samples were measured to investigate their relationships with temperature and geographical parameters(latitude,longitude,altitude and distance to the coast).The results reveal a strong positive correlation(R=0.945)betweenδO and mean annual temperature,with a gradient of 0.84‰℃,which is a little higher than that in Terre Adelie *** analyses also show that theδO of surface snow is strongly correlated with distance to the coast(R=0.942),latitude(R=0.942),and altitude(R=0.941).But no significant correlation was found betweenδO and longitude in study *** should be the most important factor influencing theδO distribution because of distinctive ***δO-altitude and T-altitude gradients along this transect are determined to be-1.1‰/100 m and 1.31℃/100 m,respectively.

关键词： Antarctica ITASE isotope Dome A δ18O chinaRE

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Concentration and seasonal variation of 10Be in surface aerosols of Lhasa,Tibet

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Science Bulletin 2010年第23期 2575-2581页

作者： HUANG Jie1,7,KANG ShiChang1,2,SHEN ChengDe3,CONG ZhiYuan1,LIU KeXin4,WANG Wei5 & LIU LiChao6 1 Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes,institute of Tibetan Plateau research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,lanzhou 730000,china 3 Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and Geochemistry,Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510000,china 4 State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,china 5 institute of Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Sciences,Tibet Meteorological Bureau,Lhasa 850000,china 6 cold and {12. regions {12. & engineering research institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,lanzhou 730000,china 7 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,china

Thirty samples of total suspended particles were collected at a site in western part of Lhasa,Tibet from August 2006 to July *** 10Be concentrations were determined by Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS).Analysis of correlation between 10Be concentrations and meteorological factors revealed that the wet scavenging has little effect on 10Be.10Be can be used as a proxy of transport processes of the upper atmosphere over the Tibetan *** of correlation between 10Be concentrations and NCEP reanalysis data demonstrated that higher 10Be concentrations in spring were probably caused by the atmosphere exchange from stratosphere to troposphere during February to *** 10Be concentrations during August to September were consistent with the synchronous lower O3 values,suggestive of both 10Be and O3 were probably influenced by the atmosphere exchange from troposphere to stratosphere.

关键词： 10Be concentration background value seasonal variation Lhasa

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退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响

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水土保持学报 2002年第4期16卷 5-8,126页

作者：苏永中赵哈林文海燕中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所兰州730000

分析了退化沙质草地开垦耕种2年和围封恢复5年后土壤理化性状的特征和变化。结果表明:(1)开垦后2年的耕作,使0～15cm耕作层<0.1mm细颗粒组分下降了23.8%,其中0～2.5cm表层和2.5～7.5cm亚表层0.1～0.05mm的细沙损失了38.1%和27.0%,土壤... 详细信息

分析了退化沙质草地开垦耕种2年和围封恢复5年后土壤理化性状的特征和变化。结果表明:(1)开垦后2年的耕作,使0～15cm耕作层<0.1mm细颗粒组分下降了23.8%,其中0～2.5cm表层和2.5～7.5cm亚表层0.1～0.05mm的细沙损失了38.1%和27.0%,土壤的粗粒化程度已接近于流沙;土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷分别下降了38.4%,28.0%和18.4%,下降幅度随土层深度而减小。(2)围封恢复5年后,粒级分布的变化仅发生在0～2.5cm的表层土壤,极细沙(0.1～0.05mm)、粉粒(0.05～0.002mm)和粘粒(<0.002mm)含量分别提高了43.1%,11.1%和32.5%;土壤有机碳和氮磷养分的显著提高发生在0～2.5cm表层和2.5～7.5cm亚表层,7.5cm土层以下没有变化。(3)草地开垦引发了强烈的风蚀作用,使富含营养的细微颗粒吹蚀,导致有机碳和氮磷养分的损失;采取围封措施后,植被的恢复对土壤养分产生明显的截存和保护效应。

关键词：退化沙质草地开垦封育土壤理化性状科尔泌沙地

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生态环境建设典型区土地覆盖景观变化的遥感分析

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水土保持学报 2004年第5期18卷 129-133页

作者：颜长珍张磊吴炳方王一谋中国科学院遥感应用研究所北京100101 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所甘肃兰州730000

利用Landsat的TM数据,对地处我国半干旱区的张家口、榆林和定西3个典型区在1997年和2002年的土地覆盖进行了遥感监测,并以土地覆盖类型变化面积和景观格局指数为指标分析了生态环境建设工程的效果及由此而产生的土地覆盖景观格局的变化... 详细信息

利用Landsat的TM数据,对地处我国半干旱区的张家口、榆林和定西3个典型区在1997年和2002年的土地覆盖进行了遥感监测,并以土地覆盖类型变化面积和景观格局指数为指标分析了生态环境建设工程的效果及由此而产生的土地覆盖景观格局的变化特征。结果显示,近年来典型区的生态环境在一定程度上都有所改善,以退耕还林还草措施为主的生态环境建设工程取得了一定成效,其中以自然条件好、治理力度大的张家口典型区所取得的成效明显;而自然条件较差,经济基础薄弱的榆林和定西典型区的治理成效相对较小。3个典型区土地覆盖类型变化特点都是农业用地减少,自然和半自然植被增加,并且斑块形状的不规则性都降低。由于作为景观基质的自然和半自然植被类型的面积和比例的增加,使得斑块复杂性和景观多样性都有所降低。

关键词：生态环境建设典型区土地覆盖景观变化遥感分析

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