Lightning activity and precipitation structure of hailstorms

作     者：FENG GuiLi1,2, QIE XiuShu3,1, YUAN Tie1 & NIU ShuZhen4 1 Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2 Shandong Research Institute of Meteorology, Jinan 250031, China 3 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 4 The Meteorological Observatory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China 

作者机构：Laboratory of Lightning and ThunderstormCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Shandong Research Institute of Meteorology Jinan 250031China Institute of Atmospheric PhySicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory of Lightning and ThunderstormCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Laboratory of Lightning and ThunderstormCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China The Meteorological Observatory of Henan ProvinceZhengzhou 450003China 

出 版 物：《Science China Earth Sciences》 (中国科学（地球科学英文版）)

年 卷 期：2007年第50卷第4期

页      面：629-639页

学科分类：07[理学] 070601[理学-气象学] 0706[理学-大气科学] 

基　　金：Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40325013  40505001 and 40135010) 

主　　题：total lightning activity positive CG lightning hailstorm convective rain ice water content 

摘      要：By using the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning location data from the lightning detection network of He- nan Province, surface Doppler radar data and standard orbit data of PR, TMI and LIS on TRMM satellite, the spatial and temporal characteristics of CG lightning flashes in 10 severe hailstorms are analyzed. The results show that the percentage of +CG lightning in these hailstorms is high with an average value of 45.5%. There is a distinct increase in CG flash rate during the rapid development stage of hailstorms. The hailstone falling corresponds to an active positive flash period, and the increase of +CG flash rate is generally accompanied with a decrease of –CG flash rate. The flash rate declines rapidly during the dissipating stage of hailstorms. The precipitation structure and lightning activity in two typical hail- storms are studied in detail. It is found that strong convective cells with reflectivity greater than 30dBZ mainly are situated in the front region of hailstorms, whereas the trailing stratiform region is in the rear part of the hailstorms. The maximum heights of echo top are higher than 14 km. Convective rain con- tributes much more rainfall to the total than stratiform rain, and the convective rain takes about 85% and 97% of the total in the two cases, respectively. Total lightning in the hailstorms is very active with the flash rate up to 183 fl/min and 55 fl/min, respectively. The results also indicate that most lightning flashes occurred in the echo region greater than 30 dBZ and its immediate periphery. The probability of lightning occurrence is 20 times higher in the convective region than in the stratiform region. The result suggests that the lightning information is helpful to the identification of convective rain region. The linear relationship between flash rate and ice water content is disclosed primarily.