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activity maintenance of the excised branches and a case study of NO_2 exchange between the atmosphere and P.nigra branches

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第6期31卷 316-326页

作者： Chun Chen Yuzheng Wang Yuanyuan Zhang Xiaoxiu Lun Chengtang Liu Yujing Mu Chenglong Zhang Pengfei Liu Chaoyang Xue Min Song Can Ye Junfeng Liu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Environmental Science & Engineering Beijing Forest University

The efficient maintenance of the activity of excised branches is the powerful guarantee to accurately determine gas exchange flux between the detached branches of tall trees and the atmosphere. In this study, the net photosynthetic rate(NPR) of the excised branches and branches in situ were measured simultaneously by using two photosynthetic instruments to characterize the activity of the excised branches of Phyllostachys nigra. The ratio of normalized NPR of excised branches to NPR in situ was used to assess the photosynthetic activity of detached branches. Based on photosynthetic activity, an optimal hydroponics protocol for maintaining activity of excised P. nigra branches was presented:1/8 times the concentration of Gamborg B5 vitamin mixture with p H = 6. Under the best cultivation protocol, photosynthetic activity of excised P. nigra branches could be maintained more than 90% within 6 hr in the light intensity range of 200–2000 μmol/(m2·sec) and temperature range of 13.4–28.7°C. The nitrogen dioxide(NO2) flux differences between in situ and in vitro branches and the atmosphere were compared using double dynamic chambers.Based on the maintenance method of excised branches, the NO2 exchange flux between the excised P. nigra branches and the atmosphere(from-1.01 to-2.72 nmol/(m2·sec) was basically consistent with between the branches in situ and the atmosphere(from-1.12 to-3.16 nmol/(m2 sec)) within 6 hr. Therefore, this study provided a feasible protocol for in vitro measurement of gas exchange between tall trees and the atmosphere for a period of time.

关键词： Excised branches activity maintenance NO2 exchange flux Hydroponics Dynamic chamber

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Superoxide-like Cu/GO single-atom catalysts nanozyme with high specificity and activity for removing superoxide free radicals

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 8804-8809页

作者： Mingju Lu Jialu Wang Guoyuan Ren Fengjuan Qin Zhiqiang Zhao Kai Li Wenxing Chen Yuqing Lin Department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Energy&Catalysis Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Although nanozyme has become an emerging area of research attracting extensive attention recently,the activity and specificity of currently reported nanozymes are generally lower than those of natural enzymes.Developing highly active and specific nanozymes is therefore extremely necessary and also remains a great challenge.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)catalyzes the disproportionation of cytotoxic O_(2)·^(−)into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen,and plays an important role in reducing human oxidative stress.In this work,we prepare Cu single-atom catalysts(Cu/GO SACs,GO=graphene oxide)through a simple and low-cost strategy at room temperature using Cu foam and graphene oxide.Cu/GO SACs can maintain excellent catalytic activity under harsh environment.Compared with the natural enzyme,SOD-like Cu/GO SAC nanozyme has higher catalytic activity and meanwhile,it does not possess the common properties of other mimic enzymes often existing in nanomaterials.Based on the excellent SOD-like enzyme activity of Cu/GO SACs,it successfully eliminates the active oxygen in cigarette smoke.This work not only provides a new idea for the design and synthesis of nanozymes with excellent SOD mimetic properties,but also is promising in the treatment of lung injury and inflammatory diseases related to free radical production.

关键词： Cu/graphene oxide(GO)single-atom catalysts(SACs) superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity activity specificity superoxide free radicals

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Effects of constant light and dark conditions on the locomotor activity,body mass,and body temperature rhythms of Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus)

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 435-442页

作者： Lirong Zuo Ibrahim MAhmad Yuanyuan Liu Limin Wang Shu Fang Dongming Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050024Hebei ProvinceChina Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050024China

Light is an essential environmental cue influencing the endogenous circadian clocks that regulate behavioral and physiological processes in animals.Despite extensive research on the circadian rhythms of avian behavior and physiology,the mechanisms by which they adapt and adjust to abnormal photoperiod conditions,such as artificial light,have yet to be fully elucidated.Here,the circadian rhythms of the body mass,activity,and core and peripheral body temperatures of the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus,ETS)-a diurnal passerine-were examined under three different lighting conditions:constant light(LL),constant darkness(DD),and normal light-dark cycles(LD).Our results showed that the activity,body mass,core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures of the ETSs varied significantly with treatment,time,and the interaction between treatment and time;however,there was no significant change in body mass in response to the interaction between time and treatment.Under LD conditions,the ETSs exhibited significant circadian rhythms in activity and core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures.Under LL conditions,only the core temperature exhibited significant rhythmicity.Under DD conditions,there were no significant circadian rhythms in activity,body mass,and eye temperature;however,the core and tarsometatarsus temperatures remained rhythmic.Our results indicate that the core body temperature rhythm of ETS is endogenous and can be maintained under abnormal photoperiods.In contrast,the activity and body surface temperature,uncoupled from the core body temperature under abnormal photoperiod conditions,strongly depend on light.These results differ from those of other diurnal avian species,suggesting a unique coping mechanism of ETS in response to an abnormal photoperiod.

关键词： Eurasian Tree Sparrow activity Body mass Body temperature Circadian rhythm

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activity

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建筑实践 2016年第1期 110-111页

作者：罗文广东省建筑设计研究院

滨湖·新境界滨湖·新境界位于湖南省岳阳市南湖风景区八仙台片区中部,项目紧邻湖滨大道,周边有八仙公园、圣安寺、南湖风景区,且西面与洞庭湖相望,属岳阳市规划正大力发展的非核心城区——湖滨片区,自然环境优越。海思达设计团队通过... 详细信息

滨湖·新境界滨湖·新境界位于湖南省岳阳市南湖风景区八仙台片区中部,项目紧邻湖滨大道,周边有八仙公园、圣安寺、南湖风景区,且西面与洞庭湖相望,属岳阳市规划正大力发展的非核心城区——湖滨片区,自然环境优越。海思达设计团队通过仔细研究岳阳市场需求及周围环境,结合项目用地地形高差较大的特点,确立了"自然生长在山地上的西班牙风情高档居住小区"的项目定位。项目规划净用地面积61769m;.总建筑面积183598.5m;,由高层住宅、花园退台洋房、活动中心、幼儿园及商业裙楼共26栋建筑组成,通过精心布局总体规划、户型及各层平面,对纯粹优雅的西班牙式外观形象的贯彻,为岳阳市民带来一种全新的"生态、休闲、绿色、健康"的高品质居住体验,广受好评。

关键词：建筑师大峡谷张家界室内设计师 activity 中低速磁浮景德镇陶瓷艺术

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activity of Brucea javanica oil emulsion against gastric ulcers in rodents

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第3期13卷 279-288页

作者： Qian Li Linglong Yang Linlin Fan Chen Liang Qiujv Wang Huimin Wen Jinwei Dai Xin Li Yuyang Zhang School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics Shenyang Pharmaceutical University

The present study aims to investigate the gastroprotective effect of Brucea javanica oil emulsion(BJOE) in animals. Gastroprotective potential of BJOE was studied on absolute ethanol,aspirin, reserpine and restraint plus water immersion-induced gastric ulcers in mice as well as glacial acetic acid(GAA) and pyloric ligation(PL)-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Except for ulcer scores, total acidity as well as pepsin activity as for the PL-induced gastric ulcer model and ulcer incidence as for the GAA-induced gastric ulcer model were also determined. Histopathological evaluation as for aspirin, reserpine, PL-induced models was conducted. Results showed that BJOE significantly(P activity of gastric juice as well in PL-induced model. Histopathological examination for the stomach samples confirmed the findings in the aspirin, reserpine or PLinduced gastric lesion models, which showed relatively complete mucosa structure and less inflammation. It is concluded that BJOE could be effective on gastric ulcer in rodents and its gastroprotective activity might be related to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory ability and promote gastric mucus secreted. The results may provide beneficial basis for increasing BJOE's clinical indication in future.

关键词： Gastric ulcer Brucea javanica oil emulsion Gastric mucosa Ulcer scores Glacial acetic acid Pepsin activity

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Herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the botanical drupacine against Amaranthus retroflexus L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1434-1444页

作者： YU Hua-long TIAN Ci SHEN Rong-yan Zhao Han YANG Juan DONG Jin-gao ZHANG Li-hui MA Shu-jie College of Plant Protection Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation Baoding 071001P.R.China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Hebei Normal University of Science&TechnologyQinhuangdao 066004P.R.China

Botanical herbicide has been a hot topic in the research and development of novel pesticides. The herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the botanical compound drupacine were studied by evaluating its effects on seed germination, seedling growth, morphological and physiological characteristics of Amaranthus retroflexus. Drupacine inhibited seed germination and seedling growth, and had a median inhibition concentration(IC50) value of 38.99 mg L-1against A. retroflexus root. The α-amylase activity and soluble sugar content in treated plants were significantly lower than that of the control. The expression of α-amylase gene was dosage-dependently inhibited compared to the untreated control. This suggested that inhibition of α-amylase activity was a mode of action on seed germination. The root hairs were significantly decreased and part of the root cap fell off after treatment with drupacine. The ultrastructure observation showed that cell damage of root tips increased with the treatment time. Drupacine also increased the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content. Peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT), and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities were significantly enhanced in the treatment compared to the control. These findings indicated that the physiological and biochemical reaction changes leading to morphological and membrane injuries were the main effects of drupacine on the inhibition of seedling growth. Drupacine can be developed as a botanical herbicide.

关键词： drupacine herbicidal activity physiological characteristic defense capacity Amaranthus retroflexus

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Rational Design of Atomic Site Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction:One Step Closer to Optimum activity and Selectivity

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2022年第3期5卷 105-136页

作者： Yiran Ying Ke Fan Jinli Qiao Haitao Huang Department of Applied Physics and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Environmental Science and EngineeringDonghua University2999 Renmin North RoadShanghai 201620China

The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)has been one of the most intriguing catalytic reactions in recent years,providing an energy-saving and environmentally friendly alternative to the conventional Haber–Bosch process for ammonia production.However,the activity and selectivity issues originating from the activation barrier of the NRR intermediates and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction result in the unsatisfactory NH_(3) yield rate and Faradaic efficiency of current NRR catalysts.Atomic site catalysts(ASCs),an emerging group of heterogeneous catalysts with a high atomic utilization rate,selectivity,and stability,may provide a solution.This article undertakes an exploration and systematic review of a highly significant research area:the principles of designing ASCs for the NRR.Both the theoretical and experimental progress and state-of-the-art techniques in the rational design of ASCs for the NRR are summarized,and the topic is extended to double-atom catalysts and boron-based metal-free ASCs.This review provides guidelines for the rational design of ASCs for the optimum activity and selectivity for the electrocatalytic NRR.

关键词： Nitrogen reduction reaction Atomic site catalysts Design principles activity Selectivity

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In vitro antilithiatic activity of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume bark on calcium oxalate crystallization

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 273-281页

作者： Sana Zaki Nasreen Jahan Mohd Kalim Ghausia Islam Department of Ilmus Saidla (Pharmacy) Glocal College of Unani Medicine Glocal University Saharanpur 247001 UP India Department of llmul Advia (Pharmacology) National Institute of Unani Medicine Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences Bengaluru 560091 Karnataka India Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 UP India

Objective: The study examines the effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume bark on crystallization of calcium oxalate. Methods: The antilithiatic effect of various concentrations of the hydro-alcoholic extract of C. zeylanicum was investigated at various stages of stone formation, using Cystone as a stan da rd refere nee drug. The effect on calcium oxalate crystallization was evaluated by measuring the change in turbidity over time, during crystal nucleation, growth and aggregation, in the metastable solution of calcium chloride and sodium oxalate. The slope from the change in turbidity over time was measured using a spectrophotometer at 620 and 214 nm in respective tests. The inhibition rate was estimated by comparing turbidity in the presence and absence of extract. Crystals formed under experimental conditions were observed under a light microscope, and number and shape of the crystals were assessed in a randomly selected field. Phytochemical analysis and high-performance thin-layer chromatography of the extract was also carried out. Results: C. zeylanicum significantly reduced crystal nucleation at concentrations of 4, 8 and 10 mg/mL (P< 0.001). The inhibition percentage of crystal growth was between 28.30% and 92.46% in the presence of C. zeylanicum extract and from 20.76% to 64.15% with various concentrations of Cystone. The maximum inhibition of crystal growth was obtained from C. zeylanicum at 2 mg/mL (92.46%). Microscopic examination revealed a reduction in the number and size of crystals. In the aggregation assay, the inhibition percentage of C. zeylanicum was between 16.27% and 100%, while Cystone was from -214.68% to 100% at different concentrations. The highest (100%) inhibition of aggregation was found at 4 mg/mL of both the test and standard drugs. Conclusion: We found that C. zeylanicum hydro-alcoholic extract has notable inhibitory effects on various stages of crystallization, in terms of turbidity of solution, as well as the crystal size, number and morphology.

关键词： Antilithiatic activity Calcium oxalate Inorganic inhibitors In vitro Unani medicine

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Optimization of Caesalpinia sappan L. heartwood extraction procedure to obtain the highest content of brazilin and greatest antibacterial activity

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 351-358页

作者： Sukanya Settharaksa Chaowalit Monton Laksana Charoenchai Drug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center College of Pharmacy Rangsit University

Objective: The objective of the work was to optimize the extraction conditions of Caesalpinia sappan L.heartwood in order to maximize the brazilin content and antibacterial activity of the extract.Methods: Two independent factors were studied: extraction temperature(45–95 °C) and extraction time(30–60 min). In addition, five dependent factors were monitored, including extraction yield, brazilin content, and clear zones against Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466, Staphylococcus epidermidis TISTR 518 and Propionibacterium acnes DMST 14961. The brazilin content was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography and antibacterial activity was determined by disk diffusion assay.Results: The high temperature provided high total extract yield as well as brazilin content, while extraction time had little effect on yield or brazilin content. Extraction time had a positive effect, while extraction temperature had little effect on clear zone against S. aureus. The largest clear zone against S. epidermidis was achieved at low extraction temperature and long extraction time. Conversely, short extraction time and high extraction temperature provided the largest clear zone against P. acnes. The optimal conditions providing the highest brazilin content was an extraction temperature and extraction time of 95 °C and 30 min, respectively.The same optimal conditions also provided the simultaneous greatest antibacterial activity against the three bacteria. Modeled optimal conditions were validated be conducting extraction using these values. Yield and antibacterial activity of the resulting extract demonstrated that the model had a low percentage error.Conclusion: The optimal condition will be used as a standard condition for extraction of C. sappan heartwood to maximize brazilin content and antibacterial activity.

关键词： Antibacterial activity Brazilin Caesalpinia sappan Optimization

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ASAF: altered spontaneous activity fingerprinting in Alzheimer’s disease based on multisite fMRI

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Science Bulletin 2019年第14期64卷 998-1010页

作者： Jiachen Li Dan Jin Ang Li Bing Liu Chengyuan Song Pan Wang Dawei Wang Kaibin Xu Hongwei Yang Hongxiang Yao Bo Zhou Alexandre Bejanin Gael Chetelat Tong Han Jie Lu Qing Wang Chunshui Yu Xinqing Zhang Yuying Zhou Xi Zhang Tianzi Jiang Yong Liu Ying Han Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Radiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Université Normandie Inserm Université de Caen-Normandie Inserm UMR-S U1237 GIP Cyceron Caen 14000 France Department of Radiology Tianjin Huanhu Hospital Tianjin 300350 China Department of Radiology Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052 China Center of Alzheimer's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing 100053 China Beijing Institute of Geriatrics Beijing 100053 China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Beijing 100053 China Brainnetome Center & National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Neurology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan 250012 China Department of Neurology Tianjin Huanhu Hospital Tianjin 300350 China Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Radiology Qilu Hospital Ji'nan 250012 China Department of Radiology Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China

Several monocentric studies have noted alterations in spontaneous brain activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although there is no consensus on the altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in AD patients. The main aim of the present study was to identify a reliable and reproducible abnormal brain activity pattern in AD. The amplitude of local brain activity (AM), which can provide fast mapping of spontaneous brain activity across the whole brain, was evaluated based on multisite rs-fMRI data for 688 subjects (215 normal controls (NCs), 221 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) 252 AD). Two-sample t-tests were used to detect group differences between AD patients and NCs from the same site. Differences in the AM maps were statistically analyzed via the Stouffer's meta-analysis. Consistent regions of lower spontaneous brain activity in the default mode network and increased activity in the bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampus, thalamus, caudate nucleus, orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus and left fusiform were observed in the AD patients compared with those in NCs. Significant correlations (P?activity was associated with cognitive decline in the patients. Multivariate analysis and leave-one-site-out cross-validation led to a 78.49% prediction accuracy for single-patient classification. The altered activity patterns of the identified brain regions were largely correlated with the FDG-PET results from another independent study. These results emphasized the impaired brain activity to provide a robust and reproducible imaging signature of AD.

关键词： Brain spontaneous activity Multisite Biomarkers Leave-one-site-out cross-validation Alzheimer's disease

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