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The differential genetic signatures related to climatic landscapes for jaguars and pumas on a continental scale

Integrative Zoology 2021年第1期16卷 2-18页

作者： Marina ZANIN Noa GONZALEZ-BORRAJO Cuauhtémoc CHÁVEZ Yamel RUBIO Bart HARMSEN claudia keller Pablo VILLALVA Ana Carolina SRBEK-ARAUJO Leonora Pires COSTA Francisco PALOMARES Biology Department Federal University of MaranhãoSão LuísBrazil Departamento de Biologia de la Conservación Estación Biológica de DoñanaSevillaSpain Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales Universidad Autónoma MetropolitanaMexico CityMexico Escuela de Biologia Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacánMexico Panthera New YorkUSA Biodiversity Coordination Amazon Research InstituteManausBrazil Biology Department Vila Velha UniversityVila VelhaBrazil Biological Sciences Department Federal University of Espírito SantoVitóriaBrazil

Modern and paleoclimate changes may have altered species dynamics by shifting species’niche suitability over space and *** analyze whether the current genetic structure and isolation of the two large American felids,jaguar(Panthera onca)and puma(Puma concolor),are mediated by changes in climatic suitability and connection routes over modern and paleoclimatic *** estimate species distribution under 5 climatic landscapes(modern,Holocene,last maximum glaciations[LMG],average suitability,and climatic instability)and correlate them with individuals’genetic isolation through causal modeling on a resemblance *** species exhibit genetic isolation patterns correlated with LMG climatic suitability,suggesting that these areas may have worked as“allele refuges.”However,the jaguar showed higher vulnerability to climate changes,responding to modern climatic suitability and connection routes,whereas the puma showed a continuous and gradual transition of genetic *** differential responsiveness to climate change,both species are subjected to the climatic effects on genetic configuration,which may make them susceptible to future climatic changes,since these are progressing faster and with higher intensity than changes in the ***,the effects of climatic changes should be considered in the design of conservation strategies to ensure evolutionary and demographic processes mediated by gene flow for both species.

关键词： causal modeling climatic landscape ecological niche modeling gene flow linear mixed model

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In Situ Mineralization of Biomass-Derived Hydrogels Boosts Capacitive Electrochemical Energy Storage in Free-Standing 3D Carbon Aerogels

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 359-371页

作者： Anjali Achazhiyath Edathil Babak Rezaei Kristoffer Almdal Stephan Sylνest keller National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization DTU NanolabTechnical University of Denmark2800LyngbyDenmark DTU Chemistry Technical University of Denmark2800LyngbyDenmark

Here,a novel fabrication method for making free-standing 3D hierarchical porous carbon aerogels from molecularly engineered biomass-derived hydrogels is *** situ formed flower-like CaCO_(3)molecularly embedded within the hydrogel network regulated the pore structure during in situ mineralization assisted one-step activation graphitization(iMAG),while the intrinsic structural integrity of the carbon aerogels was *** homogenously distributed minerals simultaneously acted as a hard template,activating agent,and graphitization *** decomposition of the homogenously distributed CaCO_(3)during iMAG followed by the etching of residual CaO through a mild acid washing endowed a robust carbon aerogel with high porosity and excellent electrochemical *** 0.5 mA cm^(-2),the gravimetric capacitance increased from 0.01 F g^(-1)without mineralization to 322 F g^(-1)with iMAG,which exceeds values reported for any other free-standing or powder-based biomass-derived carbon *** outstanding cycling stability of~104%after 1000 cycles in 1 M HClO4 was *** assembled symmetric supercapacitor device delivered a high specific capacitance of 376 F g^(-1)and a high energy density of 26 W h kg^(-1)at a power density of 4000 W kg^(-1),with excellent cycling performance(98.5%retention after 2000 cycles).In combination with the proposed 3D printed mold-assisted solution casting(3DMASC),iMAG allows for the generation of free-standing carbon aerogel architectures with arbitrary ***,the novel method introduces flexibility in constructing free-standing carbon aerogels from any ionically cross-linkable biopolymer while maintaining the ability to tailor the design,dimensions,and pore size distribution for specific energy storage applications.

关键词： biomass carbon aerogel sustainable energy materials free-standing supercapacitors

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Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid:diagnosis and systemic management

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第2期9卷 38-52页

作者： claudia Castiblanco Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Albert Einstein College of MedicineMontefiore Medical CenterBronxNYUSA

Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid(OCP)is a subcategory of mucous membrane pemphigoid(MMP)where the conjunctiva is the main site of *** is a chronic and autoimmune disease characterized by acute and chronic conjunctivitis that can progress to severe conjunctival cicatrization,corneal opacification,ocular surface keratinization,and eyelid *** can lead to structural damage that can result in visual impairment,visual loss,and blindness,and can have a significant impact in a patient’s quality of *** may manifest with varying symptoms,degrees of severity and may have different rates of *** diagnosis and appropriate systemic immunosuppression are of utmost importance for prompt and adequate disease *** systemic immunomodulatory therapies(IMTs),including anti-metabolites,alkylating,and biologic agents have been utilized to achieve inflammation control and *** monitoring of disease progression is important to assess response and to modify and escalate therapy if *** to alleviate symptoms of dry eye disease and address trichiasis and other eyelid abnormalities is recommended as well.A multidisciplinary approach to optimize clinical care is recommended in the management of patients with *** review will address the immunopathogenesis,clinical features,keys to diagnosis and staging of patients with *** will highlight the current immunomodulators utilized for disease management and proposed stepladder *** review will discuss the updated roles of combination therapy,novel use of biologics as well as the recent use of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)analog in severe recalcitrant cases.

关键词： Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid(OCP) mucous membrane pemphigoid(MMP) basement membrane zone(BMZ) symblepharon immunomodulatory therapy(IMT)

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The emerging role of tranexamic acid and its principal target,plasminogen,in skeletal health

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 2869-2884页

作者： Weixin Xie Antonia Donat Shan Jiang Anke Baranowsky Johannes keller Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20246Germany

The worldwide burden of skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis,degenerative joint disease and impaired fracture healing is steadily *** acid(TXA),a plasminogen inhibitor and anti-fibrinolytic agent,is used to reduce bleeding with high effectiveness and safety in major surgical *** its widespread clinical application,the effects of TXA beyond anti-fibrinolysis have been noticed and prompted renewed interest in its *** clinical trials have characterized the effects of TXA on reducing postoperative infection rates and regulating immune responses in patients undergoing ***,several animal studies suggest potential therapeutic effects of TXA on skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and fracture *** a direct effect of TXA on the differentiation and function of bone cells in vitro was shown,few mechanisms of action have been ***,we summarize recent findings of the effects of TXA on skeletal diseases and discuss the underlying plasminogen-dependent and-independent mechanisms related to bone metabolism and the immune *** furthermore discuss potential novel indications for TXA application as a treatment strategy for skeletal diseases.

关键词： Tranexamic acid Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis Fracture healing Bone metabolism Inflammation Plasminogen Fibrinolysis

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Untangling the biotic stress in the late Maastrichtian Deccan-benchmark interval of Bidart(France)

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 181-198页

作者： Subham Patra Gerta keller Eric Font Thierry Adatte Jahnavi Punekar Indian Institute of Technology Bombay PowaiMumbai 400076India Princeton University PrincetonNJ 08544USA Departamento de Ciencias da Terra Faculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaUniversidade de Coimbra3000-272 CoimbraPortugal Institute of Earth Sciences University of Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland

The late Maastrichtian witnessed substantial surges in Deccan volcanism,prompting the hypothesis that these voluminous pulses may have instigated repeated episodes of ocean acidification during this *** Cretaceous-Palaeogene(K/Pg)boundary at Bidart(France)is preceded by a~0.5 m thick interval with geochemical and taphonomic vestiges of an ocean acidification event linked with Deccan *** planktic foraminifera census and morphometric data now confirm biotic stress conditions related to acidification in the Deccan benchmark *** absolute abundance data of larger(>150μm)heavily calcified planktic morphogroups show fluctuating populations throughout zone CF1(spanning the final~225 ky),lowest peaks within the Deccan benchmark,and a demographic collapse(>90%)at the K/Pg *** analyzed species are generally reduced in size,with thinner test walls in this~0.5 m interval,indicating the likelihood of calcification stress as a contributor to the overall biotic *** the K/Pg boundary,maximum biotic stress is recorded in all the tested faunal proxies.A preliminary graphic correlation of zone CF1 at Bidart with the auxiliary GSSP at Elles(Tunisia)constrains the Deccan benchmark interval of high biotic stress to the final~58ky of the late Maastrichtian,culminating in the K/Pg mass *** volcanogenic Hg peaks coincident with faunal and taphonomic evidence of ocean acidification strengthen the Deccan-related ocean acidification hypothesis.

关键词： Deccan volcanism K/Pg mass extinction Biotic stress Calcification stress

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Managing type 2 diabetes:targeting a microbial enzyme as a novel treatment option

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 3-5页

作者： Anikó keller-Pintér Tamás Korcsmáros Tibor Vellai Department of Biochemistry Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzeged6720Hungary Department of Metabolism Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonW120NNUK Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research ParkNorwichNR47UQUK Department of Genetics Eötvös Loránd University(ELTE)Budapest1117Hungary Hungarian Research Network HUN-REN-ELTE Genetics Research Group Budapest1117Hungary

In a recent Science article,Wang and colleagues showed that the dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4)enzyme produced by the gut microbiota can interfere with the effect of host glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)involved in stimulating insulin secretion,and the specific inhibitor of microbial DPP4(mDPP4),combined with clinical inhibitors of host DPP4 isoenzymes,further promotes blood glucose homeostasis.1 These results point out why certain patients respond inadequately to an antidiabetic medication.

关键词： homeostasis stimulating clinical

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Ammonia and greenhouse gas distribution in a dairy barn during warm periods

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 428-441页

作者： Provvidenza Rita D’URSO claudia ARCIDIACONO Giovanni CASCONE Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of CataniaVia S.Sofia n.100Catania 95123Italy

This research aimed to quantify concentrations of ammonia(NH3),carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and methane(CH_(4)),estimate emissions,and analyze the factors influencing them during warm periods in an open dairy barn equipped with two cooling systems in a Mediterranean climate *** distribution within the barn was observed to vary both vertically and horizontally,with the highest gas concentrations observed in the central area of the ***_(3),CH_(4)and CO_(2)ranged in 1.7–7.4,7–18,560–724μg·g^(–1),*** ventilation through openings and the operation of cooling systems induced changes in indoor microclimate conditions,influencing cow behavior and,consequently,gas *** concentrations were the highest at air velocities below 0.5 m·s^(–1).The highest concentration of NH_(3)was observed when the temperature-humidity index(THI)was>72 and≤78;and CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations were the highest with THI≥72 and decreased with THI≤***_(3)concentrations when barn management included three daily milkings were higher than those measured when barn management was based on two daily milkings,and lower for CH_(4)and CO_(2).NH_(3)and CH_(4)emissions were the highest during barn cleaning,while the lowest NH_(3)emissions occurred during activity of the cows(i.e.,feeding,walking).

关键词： Ammonia greenhouse gas environmental monitoring cows’behavior barn management housing system climatic parameters

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The prolactin receptor(PRLR)gene is linked to and associated with the comorbidity of depression and type 2 diabetes in Italian families

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 15-17页

作者： Mutaz Amin Rongling Wu Teodor T.Postolache claudia Gragnoli INSERM US14-OrphanetParis 75014France University of Paris Paris 75013France Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology Faculty of MedicineAl-Neelain UniversityKhartoum 11121Sudan Department of Public Health Sciences Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Statistics Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Mood and Anxiety Program Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center(MIRECC) Veterans Integrated Service Network(VISN)19Military and Veteran Microbiome:Consortium for Research and Education(MVM-CoRE)DenverCO80246USA Mental illness Research Education and Clinical Center(MIRECC) Veterans Integrated Service Network(VISN)5VA Capitol Health Care NetworkBaltimoreMD 21090USA Division of Endocrinology Department of MedicineCreighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68124USA Molecular Biology Laboratory Bios Biotech Multi-Diagnostic Health CenterRome 00197Italy

Major depressive disorder(MDD)and type 2 diabetes(T2D)are two common complex multifactorial disorders that share several genetic and environmental risk factors such as hypercortisolism and related genes'riskvariants within the stress response and the neuroendocrine hypothalamicpituitary *** stress,the pituitary gland releases prolactin(PRL),whose effects are pleiotropic and include mood control and insulin secretion from the beta cells.1 Variations in the prolactin receptor(PRLR)gene are associated in rodent models with stress level,depressionlike behavior,2 and hepatic insulin sensitivity3 and in humans with maternal glucose homeostasis and gestational diabetes.

关键词： diabetes prolactin pituitary

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Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 252-261页

作者： Sergio Donoso Karen Pe?a-Rojas claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo Santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean Forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro Secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced Studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each February from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（GS）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and GS, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: F = 45.41, p < 0.01; GS: F = 96.08, p < 0.01）, where the highest values were observed in *** Both GC and GS are related to seed weight but not to the number of cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： Seed weight Germination potential Masting species Sustainable use Dioecious species

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Wheat zinc finger protein TaZF interacts with both the powdery mildew AvrPm2 protein and the corresponding wheat Pm2a immune receptor

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 25-41页

作者： Beatrice Manser Helen Zbinden Gerhard Herren Joel Steger Jonatan Isaksson Stephanie Braunlich Thomas Wicker Beat keller Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of ZurichZollikerstrasse 1078008 ZurichSwitzerland Agroscope Route de Duillier 501260 NyonSwitzerland BIOREBA AG Christoph Merian-Ring 74153 ReinachSwitzerland

Plant defense responses to pathogens are induced after direct or indirect perception of effector proteins or their activity on host *** fungal–plant interactions,relatively little is known about whether,in addi-tion to avirulence effectors and immune receptors,other proteins contribute to specific *** nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)immune receptor Pm2a in wheat recognizes the fungal pow-dery mildew effector *** found that the predicted wheat zincfinger TaZF interacts with both the fungal avirulence protein AvrPm2 and the wheat NLR *** further demonstrated that the virulent AvrPm2-H2 variant does not interact with *** silencing in wheat resulted in a reduction but not a loss of Pm2a-mediated powdery mildew *** studies showed that the leucine-rich repeat domain of Pm2a is the mediator of the interaction with *** recruits both Pm2a and AvrPm2 from the cytosol to the nucleus,resulting in nuclear localization of Pm2a,TaZF,and AvrPm2 in *** propose that TaZF acts as a facilitator of Pm2a-dependent AvrPm2 effector *** highlight the importance of identifying effector host targets for characterization of NLR-mediated effector recognition.

关键词： plant immunity plant-fungal interactions pathogen effectors nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptor NLR wheat powdery mildew

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