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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2021年第5期10卷 244-259页

作者： Jose I Iglesias Andrew V Vassallo Jesse b Sullivan Yasmine Elbaga Vishal V Patel Nikunjkumar Patel Lydia Ayad Payam benson Marina Pittiglio Emad Gobran Alexander clark Wajahat Khan Kaliope Damalas Rajesh Mohan Satyendra P Singh Department of Critical Care Community Medical CenterToms RiverNJ 08757United States Department of Nephrology Community Medical CenterToms RiverNJ 08757United States Department of Nephrology Jersey Shore University Medical CenterHackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton HallNeptuneNJ 07753United States Department of Pharmacy Community Medical CenterToms RiverNJ 08757United States Fairleigh Dickinson University School of Pharmacy&Health Sciences Fairleigh Dickinson UniversityFlorham ParkNJ 07932United States Department of Pharmancy Monmouth Medical Center Southern CampusLakewoodNJ 08701United States Department of Medicine Community Medical CenterToms RiverNJ 08757United States Department of Cardiology Monmouth Medical Center Southern CampusLakewoodNJ 08701United States Department of Medicine Monmouth Medical Center Southern CampusLakewoodNJ 08701United States

bACKGROUND Our understanding of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has evolved since the first reported cases in December 2019,and a greater emphasis has been placed on the hyper-inflammatory response in severely ill *** purpose of this study was to determine risk factors for mortality and the impact of anti-inflammatory therapies on *** To determine the impact of various therapies on outcomes in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with a focus on anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating *** A retrospective analysis was conducted on 261 patients admitted or transferred to the intensive care unit in two community hospitals between March 12,2020 and June 17,*** 167 patients received glucocorticoid(GC)*** patients received GC alone,94 received GC and tocilizumab,28 received tocilizumab monotherapy,and 66 received no anti-inflammatory *** Patient survival was associated with GC use,either alone or with tocilizumab,and decreased vasopressor *** administration of GC was found to decrease the survival benefit of GC *** difference in survival was found with varying anticoagulant doses,convalescent plasma,tocilizumab monotherapy;prone ventilation,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,or intravenous ascorbic acid *** This analysis demonstrated the survival benefit associated with anti-inflammatory therapy of GC,with or without tocilizumab,with the combination providing the most *** studies are needed to assess the optimal timing of anti-inflammatory therapy initiation.

关键词： COVID-19 Corticosteroids Intensive care unit Methylprednisolone Tociluzimab Anti-inflammatory

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数字通信中的纠错编码

首次使用长效醋酸甲羟孕酮患者2年中骨密度的改变

1988年

作者： G.C.·小克拉克(G.C. clark) J.b.·凯恩(J.b. Cain)

来源：南通市图书馆图书汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 31-32页

作者： clark M.K Sowers M.R Nichols S Levy b. 王雅楠

To compare longitudinal changes in bone mineral density (bMD) among first-tim e depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) users to women using no hormonal cont raception, and evaluate user characteristics associated with that bMD change. Pr ospective longitudinal study. Healthy volunteers in an academic research environ ment. Women, aged 18 to 35, choosing DMPA for contraception (n = 178) and women using no hormonal contraception (n = 145). Hip and spine bMD measured, at three -month intervals for 24 months, by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Mean hip bMD declined 2.8%(SE = 0.034) 12 months following DMPA initiation and 5.8%(SE = 0.096) after 24 months. Mea n spine (L1-L3) bMD declined 3.5%(SE = 0.022) and 5.7%(SE = 0.034), respectiv ely, after one and two years of DMPA use. Mean hip and spine bMD of control part icipants changed less than 0.9%over the same period. Among DMPA users, body mas s index (bMI) change was inversely associated with bMD change at the hip, but no t at the spine. Calcium intake, physical activity, and smoking did not influence bMD change in either group. Hip and spine bMD declined after one DMPA injection and this decline continued with each subsequent injection for 24 months. With t he exception of increasing bMI among DMPA users, no user characteristics offered protection against DMPA-related bMD loss.

关键词：骨密度激素避孕纵向变化双能学术研究机构特征性变化纵向研究体育活动钙摄入量负相关

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各种药物对家兔慢性黄曲霉毒素中毒的作用

浙江畜牧兽医 1985年第S1期 18-22页

作者： J、D、clark 徐仲钧

按每天每公斤体重0.05毫克剂量给新西兰白色公兔口服黄曲霉毒素 b;（AFb;）连续10天,并同时用谷胱甘肽先质和阻抑剂（depletor）,抗生素或硫代硫酸钠处理。用药后,试验兔的死亡数及平均存活时间如下:玉米油对照组无死亡,于试验第25天扑... 详细信息

按每天每公斤体重0.05毫克剂量给新西兰白色公兔口服黄曲霉毒素 b;（AFb;）连续10天,并同时用谷胱甘肽先质和阻抑剂（depletor）,抗生素或硫代硫酸钠处理。用药后,试验兔的死亡数及平均存活时间如下:玉米油对照组无死亡,于试验第25天扑杀,AFb;验组死亡二只,平均存活时间21天;AFb;和生理盐水对照组死亡二只,平均存活时间22天;半胱氨酸和 AFb;处理组死亡5只,平均存活时间13天;旦氨酸和 AFb;处理组死亡5只,平均存活时间12天;硫代硫酸钠和 AFb;处理组死亡2只,平均存活时间21天;磺胺二甲氧嘧啶和 AFb;处理组死亡1只,平均存活时间24天;土霉素和 AFb;处理组无死亡,25天时扑杀;马来酸乙酯和 AFb;处理组死亡3只,平均存活时间21天。中毒兔的临床症状主要是 AFb;使用期间饲料消耗减少,体重减轻或不增重和死亡;临床病理学变化主要是血清胆红素、丙氨酸转氨酶活性增高,凝血酶原和部份活化凝血酶时间延长,血浆纤维旦白原减少,红细胞压容（PCV）,血红蛋白（Hb）和血清碱性磷酸酶活性变化不明显。土霉素对家兔慢性黄曲霉中毒有保护作用,半胱氨酸和旦氨酸可促进慢性黄曲霉中毒。

关键词：家兔平均存活时间黄曲霉毒素 AFb 血清胆红素 GSH 药物

Wildfire and floral herbivory alter reproduction and pollinator mutualisms of Yuccas and Yucca moths

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 851-858页

作者： Andrew H.Lybbert Samuel b.St.Clair Department of Evolution Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA

Aims Wildfire and ungulate herbivore pressure are increasing globally due to human activities,including arid ecosystems that are sensitive to disturbance,and are highly dependent on pollinator *** evaluated how wildfire and ungulate herbivore pressure influ-ence plant reproductive success and pollinator *** We evaluated flower production,floral herbivory,pollinator visita-tion and fruit set of two Yucca species with highly specialized polli-nator mutualisms(Yucca baccata and Yucca brevifolia)in unburned and burned landscapes created by fires that occurred in the Mojave Desert in *** Findings Yucca baccata plants in burned landscapes had a greater propor-tion of flowering individuals than plants in unburned areas(23 versus 12%).All *** individuals in burned and unburned landscapes produced ***-four percent of *** inflorescences were removed due to herbivory by cattle in burned areas,compared to 51%in unburned ***-two percent of *** inflorescences on branches≤2 m in height were removed in burned areas due to cattle herbivory compared to 39%in unburned ***,we did not observe any inflores-cence removal on *** branches>2 m where the major-ity of *** inflorescences are *** moths,the only known pollinators of these two species,visited *** uniformly in burned and unburned areas but failed to visit ***-cata *** brevifolia had strong fruit production,but not a single fruit was produced among the thousands of flowering *** plants *** herbivory and the loss of obligate pollinator mutualisms appear to be critical threats to the long-term viability of *** populations in this *** reproduc-tive resilience of *** and the maintenance of its pollinator populations appear to be due to its taller stature,which allows verti-cal escape of flowers from ungulate *** of live-stock during

关键词： cattle disturbance Mojave Desert pollination Yucca brevifolia Yucca baccata

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家兔的实验性黄曲霉毒素慢性中毒

浙江畜牧兽医 1985年第S1期 12-17页

作者： J、D、clark 张德成

新西兰白色公兔,每公斤体重喂以0.025、0.0375、0.05及0.0625毫克等四个剂量的黄曲霉毒素 b;（AFb;）,持续饲喂24天,试验兔随意采食。另外一些家兔每天分别饲喂10、20、40、80和160克没有添加 AFb;的饲料。而后检查与测定临床症状、饲... 详细信息

新西兰白色公兔,每公斤体重喂以0.025、0.0375、0.05及0.0625毫克等四个剂量的黄曲霉毒素 b;（AFb;）,持续饲喂24天,试验兔随意采食。另外一些家兔每天分别饲喂10、20、40、80和160克没有添加 AFb;的饲料。而后检查与测定临床症状、饲料消耗、血液有关指标以及肉眼和组织学病理变化。

关键词：家兔 AFb 剂量肝脏用药量黄曲霉毒素实验性

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线粒体肌病

国外医学(分子生物学分册) 1980年第4期 177-178页

作者： Land JM clark Jb 吴纯

原发性肌病有遗传性和获得性之分。前者有a.肌营养不良,b.肌强直,c.代谢性肌病,即特异性酶或结构缺陷,如肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶缺陷,磷酸化酶缺陷和Luft氏综合症。后者有a.内分泌紊乱引起的代谢性肌病,如肢端肥大症,柯兴氏病,甲亢和甲状腺... 详细信息

原发性肌病有遗传性和获得性之分。前者有a.肌营养不良,b.肌强直,c.代谢性肌病,即特异性酶或结构缺陷,如肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶缺陷,磷酸化酶缺陷和Luft氏综合症。后者有a.内分泌紊乱引起的代谢性肌病,如肢端肥大症,柯兴氏病,甲亢和甲状腺机能低下,b.炎性肌病,如多肌炎。本文

关键词：线粒体肌病肉毒碱酶缺陷细胞色素类结晶包涵体

《中世纪的异兽与灵鸟:动物寓言集及其遗产》导论

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新美术 2020年第9期41卷 98-104页

作者： [美]威伦·克拉克 [美]梅拉斯·麦克蒙许溪(译) 不详

与人类同在地球的动物总令我们着迷至深。我们钦羡于它们形体的美丽、奇特,它们展现出的力量和优雅。与此同时,人们还常乐于赋予它们各种人类社会生活和精神世界中的特质。动物,影响了我们的神话、仪式和传说。在古典和中世纪时期,每一... 详细信息

与人类同在地球的动物总令我们着迷至深。我们钦羡于它们形体的美丽、奇特,它们展现出的力量和优雅。与此同时,人们还常乐于赋予它们各种人类社会生活和精神世界中的特质。动物,影响了我们的神话、仪式和传说。在古典和中世纪时期,每一类动物在宇宙中都有其位置和功用,但随着18、19世纪现代动物学的兴起,人们看待它们的方式更倾向于采用经验主义而非以拟人隐喻的视角。然而,世间万物相互关联乃生态运转基本原理,这与早年的宇宙知识有异曲同工之妙。

关键词：中世纪时期动物寓言动物学异曲同工导论影响经验主义

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Estimation of Total Phenolic Compounds and Non-Targeted Volatile Metabolomics in Leaf Tissues of American Chestnut (<i>Castanea dentata</i>), Chinese Chestnut (<i>Castanea mollissima</i>) and the backcross breeding Generations

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2021年第2期10卷 222-256页

作者： Jinyan She Chathuri U. G. Mohottige Mary King Yi Jiang Matt Mlsna Stacy clark Richard baird Todd Mlsna Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Starkville USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Mississippi State University Starkville USA Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southern Research Station Knoxville USA Department of biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology & Plant Pathology Mississippi State University Starkville USA

The American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was once a dominant tree species in the Appalachian Mountains and played a critical role in the ecological system. However, it was nearly eliminated by chestnut blight caused by the Ascomycetous fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Identification of compounds specific to species and backcross hybrids may help further refine disease resistance breeding and testing. Phenolic compounds produced by plants are significant to their defense mechanisms against fungal pathogens. Therefore, an analytical platform has been developed to estimate the total phenolic content in leaf tissues of the American chestnut, Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima), and their backcross breeding generations (bb>3b>Fb>2b> and bb>3b>Fb>3b>) using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay with UV/Vis spectrophotometry which may be used to predict blight resistance. Adsorption (765 nm) results from leaf tissue extraction in methanol/water (95%:5% v/v) and pH 2, show that the variations among these four tree species are significant (ANOVA p = 2.3 × 10-7). The kinetics of phenolic compound solid-liquid extraction was elaborated using Peleg, second order, Elovich, and power law models. In addition, extensive analysis using headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was conducted to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the leaf of American chestnut, Chinese chestnut, and their backcross hybrids bb>3b>Fb>2b> and bb>3b>Fb>3b>. A total of 67 VOCs were identified among all chestnut types. Many of the metabolites associated with the Chinese chestnut have been reported to have antifungal properties, whereas the native and hybrid American chestnut metabolites have not. Most of the antifungal metabolites showed the strongest efficacy towards the Ascomycota phylum. A partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model (R2

关键词： Total Phenolic Compounds Plant VOCs HS-SPME-GC/MS Chemometric Analysis Chestnut Tree Hybrids