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Wastewater Surveillance Provides Spatiotemporal SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dynamics

Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 70-77页

作者： Xiawan Zheng Kathy Leung Xiaoqing Xu Yu Deng Yulin Zhang Xi Chen chung in yau Kenny W.K.Hui Eddie Pak Ho-Kwong Chui Ron Yang Hein Min Tun Gabriel Matthew Leung Joseph Tsz Kei Wu Malik Peiris Leo Lit Man Poon Tong Zhang Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Lab Center for Environmental Engineering ResearchDepartment of Civil EngineeringThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public HealthLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Litd.(D24H) Hong Kong 999077China The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Hong Kong 999077China School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China HKU-Pasteur Research Pole The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong Kong 999077China Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong Kong 999077China The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Wastewater surveillance(WWS)can leverage its wide coverage,population-based sampling,and high monitoring frequency to capture citywide pandemic trends independent of clinical *** we conducted a nine months daily WWS for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)from 12 wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),covering approximately 80%of the population,to monitor infection dynamics in Hong Kong,*** found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus concentration in wastewater was correlated with the daily number of reported cases and reached two pandemic peaks three days earlier during the study *** addition,two different methods were established to estimate the prevalence/incidence rates from wastewater *** estimated results from wastewater were consistent with findings from two independent citywide clinical surveillance programmes(rapid antigen test(RAT)surveillance and serology surveillance),but higher than the cases number reported by the Centre for Health Protection(CHP)of Hong Kong,***,the effective reproductive number(R_(t))was estimated from wastewater measurements to reflect both citywide and regional transmission *** findings demonstrate that large-scale intensive WWS from WWTPs provides cost-effective and timely public health information,especially when the clinical surveillance is inadequate and *** approach also provides insights into pandemic dynamics at higher spatiotemporal resolutions,facilitating the formulation of effective control policies and targeted resource allocation.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater surveillance Prevalence Effective reproductive number

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污水监测追踪新冠病毒的时空动态变化（英文）

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Engineering 2024年第9期 70-77页

作者：郑夏婉 Kathy Leung 徐晓庆邓妤张玉琳陈熙 chung in yau Kenny W.K.Hui Eddie Pak Ho-Kwong Chui 杨绒 Hein Min Tun Gabriel Matthew Leung Joseph Tsz Kei Wu Malik Peiris Leo Lit Man Poon 张彤 Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Lab Center for Environmental Engineering Research Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Litd.(D24H) The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong HKU-Pasteur Research Pole The University of Hong Kong

Wastewater surveillance（WWS） can leverage its wide coverage, population-based sampling, and high monitoring frequency to capture citywide pandemic trends independent of clinical surveillance. Here we conducted a nine months daily WWS for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2（SARS-CoV-2） from 12 wastewater treatment plants（WWTPs）, covering approximately 80% of the population,to monitor infection dynamics in Hong Kong, China. We found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus concentration in wastewater was correlated with the daily number of reported cases and reached two pandemic peaks three days earlier during the study period. In addition, two different methods were established to estimate the prevalence/incidence rates from wastewater measurements. The estimated results from wastewater were consistent with findings from two independent citywide clinical surveillance programmes(rapid antigen test（RAT） surveillance and serology surveillance), but higher than the cases number reported by the Centre for Health Protection（CHP） of Hong Kong, China. Moreover, the effective reproductive number（R_t） was estimated from wastewater measurements to reflect both citywide and regional transmission dynamics. Our findings demonstrate that large-scale intensive WWS from WWTPs provides cost-effective and timely public health information, especially when the clinical surveillance is inadequate and costly. This approach also provides insights into pandemic dynamics at higher spatiotemporal resolutions, facilitating the formulation of effective control policies and targeted resource allocation.

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From open to laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a review of 16-year experience

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Chinese Medical Journal 1999年第12期000卷 24-28页

作者： LO chung yau and CHAN Wai Fun

Objective To review the experience with adrenal surgery which was associated with significant morbidity and notable mortality in the past, although laparoscopic approach is beginning to be accepted as the procedure of choice Methods The indications and results of adrenalectomy in 104 patients (36 men, 68 women) over the past 16 years were reviewed Any potential improvement of surgical results over time was analyzed Results Ninety three patients (89%) had functional problems while malignancy was present in 11 patients (11%) Anterior approach was employed in 27 patients, posterior in 56, lateral in 10, and laparoscopic in 11 One patient required conversion from laparoscopic to anterior approach No operative mortality was seen, but the morbidity occurred in 16 7% Complication rate decreased significantly in this study period (1981 1990 versus 1991 1996, 22% versus 5%; P =0 02) Laparoscopic adrenalec^tomy was successfully performed for 59% of the patients requiring adrenalectomy recently, compared to 68% of posterior adrenalectomy in the past Conclusions Adrenal surgery is a safe procedure, associated with acceptable morbidity, which has decreased over time Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is becoming the preferred approach for the majority of patients requiring adrenalectomy

关键词： Adrenal surgery ·indications ·complications · approaches

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Characteristics of patients with erectile dysfunction in a family physicianled erectile dysfunction clinic:Retrospective case series

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第1期5卷 85-91页

作者： Lap Kin Chiang Cheuk-Wai Kam Kin-chung Michael yau Lorna Ng Family Medicine and General Outpatient Department Kwong Wah HospitalMongkokHong KongChina

Objectives:*** examine the characteristics of patients with erectile dysfunction in a family physician led erectile dysfunction clinic;*** review association of chronic disease spectrum and erectile dysfunction;*** review initial treatment pattern and ***:Retrospective case series ***:All consecutive patients seen in a regional hospital family physician led erectile dysfunction clinic from April 2014 to March *** outcome measures:*** severity of erectile dysfunction,based on International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5).*** associated chronic comorbidities of *** patterns and patient ***:One hundred and eighty three patients presented with erectile dysfunction(ED)with mean age 58.7(range 23 to 82)years old were seen during the study *** hundred and twenty seven patients(69.4%)had comorbidity of chronic diseases,including 50.8%had hypertension,38.8%had diabetes mellitus and 33.9%had *** mean body mass index was 25.2 kg/m2,the mean blood pressure was 137.3/79.5 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa).According to IIEF-5 score,50.3%,30.6%and 18.6%had severe,moderate and mild erectile dysfunction *** average duration of ED before seeking medical help was 3.9 *** 5(PDE5)inhibitors were prescribed to 119 patients(65%),and 57.1%of them achieved good *** nine patients(15.8%)were referred to other specialty for further management,including 27.6%had contraindication for PDE5 ***:High proportion of erectile dysfunction patients had comorbitiy of chronic dis-eases.57.1%of those patients receiving PDE5 inhibitors showed good response.

关键词： Erectile dysfunction chronic diseases family physician

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Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM):Developing the Research Field within the Sendai Framework Paradigm

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 145-149页

作者： Sharon Tsoon Ting Lo Emily Ying Yang Chan Gloria Kwong Wai Chan Virginia Murray Jonathan Abrahams Ali Ardalan Ryoma Kayano Johnny chung Wai yau Collaborating Centre for Oxford University and CUHK for Disaster and Medical Humanitarian Response (CCOUC) The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary CareThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Franois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health & Human Rights Harvard University Public Health England The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) Scientific and Technical Advisory Group Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) Scientific Committee World Health Organization Tehran University of Medical Sciences World Health Organization Kobe Centre for Health Development Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong

The intersection of health and disaster risk reduction(DRR) has emerged in recent years as a field of critical *** is recognized as an outcome and a goal of DRR,and the integration of both fields is essential to ensure the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–*** Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health-EDRM) has emerged as an umbrella field that encompasses emergency and disaster medicine,DRR,humanitarian response,community health resilience,and health systems *** September 2016,an international group of experts met in Hong Kong to assess the current status and potential of the Health-EDRM research field,a research area that these scholars characterized as underdeveloped and *** challenges identified include research overlap,lack ofstrategic research agenda,absence of consensus regarding terminology,and limited coordination between *** Sendai Framework provides a useful paradigm within which to shape the research field's strategic *** WHO Thematic Platform for Health-EDRM Research Group was established to coordinate activities,promote information-sharing,develop partnerships,and provide technical advice to strengthen the Health-EDRM research *** group will promote the generation of robust and scientific health research to support the meaningful implementation of the Sendai Framework.

关键词： Health disaster risk reduction Health emergency and disaster risk management Health-EDRM Sendai Framework

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Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第5期5卷 1097-1106页

作者： Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law Lawrence PK Li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-chung yau Tsz-Kok yau Benny CY Zee Department of Clinical Oncology Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong Breast Cancer Foundation Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Kwong Wah Hospital Diagnostix Pathology Laboratories Ltd Canossa Hospital Kowloon East Cluster Breast Centre Department of Surgery United Christian Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Private Clinical Oncologist Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre Hong Kong Baptist Hospital Comprehensive Oncology Centre Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital Hong Kong Adventist Oncology Center Hong Kong Adventist Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology University of Hong Kong Department of Clinical Oncology Tuen Mun Hospital Private Surgeon Department of Clinical Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital

AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(< 40 years old) vs older patients(≥ 40 years old) for subsequent ***: Analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to risk factors were performed on 7152 women with primary breast cancer and the results revealed that younger patients were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P < 0.001), having high stress in life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), having dairy/meat-rich diets(20.2% vs 12.9%, P < 0.001),having alcohol drinking habit(7.7% vs 5.2%, P = 0.002). Younger patients were also more likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001) and an early age at menarche(20.7% vs 13.2%, P < 0.001). Analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older ***

关键词： Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry Breast cancer Younger Chinese women Sociodemographic characteristics Risk factors Clinicopathological characteristics Breast cancer treatment

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Dense-Structured Network Based Bearing Remaining Useful Life Prediction System

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第10期131卷 133-151页

作者： Ping-Huan Kuo Ting-chung Tseng Po-Chien Luan Her-Terng yau Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng UniversityChiayi62102Taiwan Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations(AIM-HI) National Chung Cheng UniversityChiayi62102Taiwan

This work is focused on developing an effective method for bearing remaining useful life *** method is useful in accurately predicting the remaining useful life of bearings so that machine damage,production outage,and human accidents caused by unexpected bearing failure can be *** study uses the bearing dataset provided by FEMTO-ST Institute,Besancon,*** study starts with the exploration of neural networks,based on which the biaxial vibration signals are modeled and *** paper introduces pre-processing of bearing vibration signals,neural network model training and adjustment of training *** model is trained by optimizing model parameters and verifying its performance through *** proposed model’s superiority is also confirmed through a comparison with other *** this study,the neural network model is trained with various types of bearing data and can successfully predict the remaining useful *** algorithm proposed in this study achieves a prediction accuracy of coefficient of determination as high as 0.99.

关键词： Bearing neural network remaining useful life prediction machine learning

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Survival analysis of breast cancer liver metastasis treated by hepatectomy: A propensity score analysis for Chinese women in Hong Kong

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第5期18卷 452-457页

作者： Tan To Cheung Kenneth SH Chok Albert CY Chan Simon HY Tsang Wing Chiu Dai Thomas CC yau Ava Kwong chung Mau Lo Department of Surgery Queen Mary HospitalThe University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina Department of Medicine Queen Mary HospitalThe University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina

Background: Survival of patients with breast cancer liver metastasis is very poor. This study aimed to analyze the survival outcome of hepatectomy for this patient population. Methods: From January 1995 to December 2014, 2522 patients with liver cancer received hepatectomy at our hospital. Twenty-one of them, all female, received the operation for breast cancer liver metastasis. Performance was compared with patients with colorectal liver metastasis treated with hepatectomy after propensity score analysis in a ratio of 1:3. Results: Twenty-one patients received hepatectomy for breast cancer. After propensity score matching, 63 patients who had hepatectomy for colorectal cancer were selected for comparison. There was no significant difference in immediate or short-term outcomes between the two groups of patients in terms of operative time, blood loss and surgical morbidities. All patients with breast cancer had R0 resection. No hospital death occurred. After hepatectomy, the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 100.0%, 58.9% and 58.9% respectively in patients with breast cancer. The 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 95.0%, 57.2% and 39.7% respectively in patients with colorectal cancer (P = 0.572). On multivariate analysis, triple negative status was the only independent poor prognostic factor in breast cancer liver metastasis (OR = 6.411;95% CI: 1.351–30.435;P = 0.019). Conclusions: Hepatectomy is a safe and effective way of treating breast cancer liver metastasis at experienced centers where multidisciplinary adjuvant treatments are available. It can be considered more frequently as part of the multidisciplinary care for this patient population.

关键词： Liver cancer Breast cancer Hepatectomy Metastases

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Steroids from the Whole Plants of Leucaena Leucocephala

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2010年第1期1卷 31-33页

作者： chung-Yi Chen yau-Der Wang 不详

Four steroids, 5α,8α-epidioxy-(24ξ)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (1), β-sitosterol (2), β-sitostenone (3), and stigmastenone (4), along with 10 known compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Leucaena leucocephala (Leguminosae). 1, Lupeol (5), 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerol (6), methylparabene (8) and isovanillic acid (9) were found for the first time from the species. The structure of these compounds were characterized and identified by spectra analyses.

关键词： Steroids Leucaena Leucocephala Leguminosae

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Polyprenol from the Whole Plants of Leucaena leucocephala

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2010年第1期1卷 70-72页

作者： chung-Yi Chen yau-Der Wang School of Medical and Heath Science The Fooyin University Ta-Liao Kaohuing Taiwan China

Ficaprenol-11 (polyprenol) (1), squalene (2), lupeol (3), ?-sitostenone (4), trans-coumaric acid (5), cis-coumaric acid (6) pheophytin-a (7), pheophorbide a methyl ester (8), methyl-132-hydroxy-(132-S)- pheophorbide-b (9) and aristo-phyll-C (10) were isolated from the whole plants of Leucaena leucocephala (Leguminosae). Among them, 1 and 2 was found for the first time from this species. The structure of these compounds were characterized and identified by spectra analyses.

关键词： Polyprenol Leucaena leucocephala Leguminosae

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