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Efficiency limits of concentrating spectral-splitting hybrid photovoltaic-thermal(PV-T)solar collectors and systems

Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第2期10卷 264-277页

作者： Gan Huang Kai Wang christos n.markides Clean Energy Processes(CEP)Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Spectral splitting is an approach to the design of hybrid photovoltaic-thermal(PVT)collectors that promises significant performance ***,the ultimate efficiency limits,optimal PV cell materials and optical filters of spectral-splitting PVT(SSPVT)collectors remain unclear,with a lack of consensus in the *** develop an idealized model of SSPVT collectors and use this to determine their electrical and thermal efficiency limits,and to uncover how these limits can be approached through the selection of optimal PV cell materials and spectral-splitting *** that thermal losses can be minimized,the efficiency limit,optimal PV material and optimal filter all depend strongly on a coefficient w,which quantifies the value of the delivered thermal energy relative to that of the generated *** total(electrical plus thermal)efficiency limit of SSPVT collectors increases at higher w and at higher optical *** optimal spectral-splitting filter is defined by sharp lower-and upper-bound energies;the former always coincides with the bandgap of the cell,whereas the latter decreases at higher *** total effective efficiency limit of SSPVT collectors is over 20%higher than those of either standalone PV modules or standalone ST collectors when w is in the range from 0.35 to 0.50 and up to 30%higher at w~*** study provides a method for identifying the efficiency limits of ideal SSPVT collectors and reports these limits,along with guidance for selecting optimal PV materials and spectral-splitting filters under different conditions and in different applications.

关键词： splitting thermal optimal

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Thermal Energy Storage Contribution to the Economic Dispatch of Island Power Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2020年第1期6卷 100-110页

作者： Panagiotis Romanos Emmanouil Voumvoulakis christos n.markides nikos Hatziargyriou School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens(NTUA)Zografou 15780Greece Hellenic Electricity Distri-bution network Operator S.A.(HEDnO) Athens 11743Greece Clean Energy Processes(CEP)Laboratory Depart-ment of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZU.K.

In this paper the provision of flexible generation is investigated by extracting steam from Rankine-cycle power stations during off-peak demand in order to charge thermal tanks that contain suitable phase-change materials(PCMs);at a later time when this is required and/or is economically effective,these thermal energy storage(TES)tanks can act as the heat sources of secondary thermal power plants in order to generate power,for example as evaporators of,e.g.,organic Rankine cycle(ORC)plants that are suitable for power generation at reduced temperatures and smaller *** type of solution offers greater flexibility than TES-only technologies that store thermal energy and release it back to the base power station,since it allows both derating but also over-generation compared to the base power-station *** solution is applied in a case study of a 50-MW rated oil-fired power station unit at the autonomous system of *** optimal operation of the TES system is investigated,by solving a modified Unit Commitment-Economic Dispatch optimization problem,which includes the TES operating *** results indicate that for most of the scenarios the discounted payback period is lower than 12 years,while in few cases the payback period is 5 years.

关键词： Economic dispatch energy-management energy storage flexibleenergysystem flexiblegeneration generation integrated energystorage phasechangematerials smartgrids

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Challenges and opportunities for nanomaterials in spectral splitting for high-performance hybrid solar photovoltaic-thermal applications:A review

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nano Materials Science 2020年第3期2卷 183-203页

作者： Gan Huang Sara Riera Curt Kai Wang christos n.markides Clean Energy Processes(CEP)Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Hybrid photovoltaic-thermal(PV-T)collectors,which are capable of cogenerating useful thermal energy and electricity from the same aperture area,have a significantly higher overall efficiency and ability to displace emissions compared to independent,separate photovoltaic panels,solar thermal collectors or combinations *** splitting has emerged as a promising route towards next-generation high-performance PV-T collectors,and nanotechnology plays an important role in meeting the optical and thermal requirements of advanced spectral splitting PV-T collector *** paper presents a comprehensive review of spectral splitting technologies based on nanomaterials for PV-T *** nanomaterials(nanofluids,nanofilms and nanowires)suitable for achieving spectral splitting based on reflection,diffraction,refraction and/or absorption approaches in PV-T collectors are presented,along with the associated challenges and opportunities of these design *** requirements from such materials in terms of optical properties,thermal properties,stability and cost are discussed with the aim of guiding future research and innovation,and developing this technology towards practical *** and nanofilms are currently the most common nanomaterials used for spectral splitting,with significant progress made in recent years in the development of these ***,there still remains a considerable gap between the optical properties of currently-available filters and the desired properties of ideal *** to instruct and guide the future development of filter materials,a simple generalized method is further proposed in this paper to identify optimal filters and efficiency limits of spectral splitting PV-T systems for different *** is found that the optimal filter of a spectral splitting PV-T system is highly sensitive to the value of thermal energy relative to that of electricity,which therefore depends strongly on

关键词： thermal splitting performance

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基于跨临界循环的卡诺电池储能系统构型优化

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工程热物理学报 2021年第7期42卷 1659-1666页

作者：赵永亮王朝阳刘明种道彤 christos n.markides 严俊杰西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室西安710049 帝国理工学院化学工程系清洁能源过程实验室伦敦SW72AZ

卡诺电池是一种新兴有前景可实现大规模储能的技术。本文基于跨临界CO2循环的卡诺电池储能系统,首先根据储热介质和有无回热情况,设计了 6种系统构型,并对其热力参数进行优化;之后,从热-经济学的角度开展了对比分析,获得了最优系统构型... 详细信息

卡诺电池是一种新兴有前景可实现大规模储能的技术。本文基于跨临界CO2循环的卡诺电池储能系统,首先根据储热介质和有无回热情况,设计了 6种系统构型,并对其热力参数进行优化;之后,从热-经济学的角度开展了对比分析,获得了最优系统构型。结果表明:带回热后的卡诺电池系统比无回热系统综合效率有所提高;其中使用菜籽油时获得最高综合效率(75.28%)和储能密度(36.61 kWh·m^(-3)),且比无回热的系统分别增大了 36.67%和25.68 kWh·m^(-3)。6种卡诺电池系统构型的总投资成本在(11.5~36.3)×10^(6) USD,单位能量的投资成本在954~3028 ***^(-1)·h^(-1);换热器成本占比最高可达54%,储热罐的成本占比最高可达14%,膨胀机和压缩机成本占比分别在18%~31%和14%~26%之间;对比来看,使用导热油并加入回热的卡诺电池系统经济性最好。

关键词：卡诺电池显热储能 PTES 跨临界CO_(2)循环热-经济性分析

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Integrated optimisation of photovoltaic and battery storage systems for UK commercial buildings

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建筑节能(中英文) 2017年第8期 136-136页

作者： Arthur Mariaud Salvador Acha ned Ekins-Daukes nilay Shah christos n.markides 侯恩哲《建筑节能》杂志社

Decarbonising the built environment cost-effectively is a complex challenge public and private organisations are facing in their effort to tackle climate *** this context,this work presents an integrated Technology Selection and Operation(TSO)optimisation model for distributed energy systems in commercial *** purpose of the model is to simultaneously optimise the selection,capacity and operation of photovoltaic(PV)and battery systems;serving as a decision support framework for assessing technology investments.A steady-state mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)approach is employed to formulate the optimisation *** virtue of the TSO model comes from employing granular state-of-the-art datasets such as half-hourly electricity demands and prices,irradiance levels from weather stations,and technology databases;while also considering building specific *** revenues are obtained from reducing grid electricity costs and providing fast-frequency response(FFR)ancillary services.A case study of a distribution centre in London,UK is showcased with the goal to identify which technologies can minimise total energy costs against a conventional system setup serving as a *** indicate the best technology configuration is a combination of lithium-ion batteries and mono-crystalline silicon PVs worth a total investment of ￡1.72 *** to the available space in the facility,the preferred PV capacity is 1.76 MW,while the battery system has a 1.06 MW power capacity and a 1.56 MWh energy *** PV performance varies across seasons,the solution indicates almost 30%of the energy used on-site can be supplied by PVs while achieving a carbon reduction of 26%.nonetheless,PV and battery systems seem to be a questionable investment as the proposed solution has an 8-year payback,despite a 5-year nPV savings of ￡300k,implying there is still a performance gap for such systems to be massively deployed across the ***,the TSO model

关键词： Photovoltaics Battery storage Optimization Distributed energy systems Commercial buildings MILP

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Blockchain-based refurbishment certification system for enhancing the circular economy

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 85-96页

作者： Cristina Regueiro Aitor Gómez-Goiri nuno Pedrosa christos Semertzidis Eider Iturbe Jason Mansell TECnALIA Research&Innovation Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia48160Derio BizkaiaSpain Projecto Desenvolvimento Manutenção Formação e Consultadoria Rua Fradesso da Silveira n.41B1300-609LisbonPortugal

As the global population continues to grow,the enormous stress on our environment and resources is becoming impossible to ignore.A focus on producing and consuming as cheaply as possible has created an economy in which objects are briefly used and then discarded as waste,featuring a linear lifecycle that creates an enormous amount of *** alternative to the linear economy“take-make-waste”is called the“circular economy”.Under this paradigm,materials are recycled to build new products or components that are designed and built to promote their reuse and *** assures the continuous(re-)exploitation of existing resources,reducing the extraction of new raw ***,customers often reject these reused or refurbished products under the suspicion that they do not meet the same usability,safety,or performance levels of new *** this sense,trustworthy records of historical details of refurbished products could increase consumers’confidence in products and components of the“circular economy”,prioritizing trustworthiness,reliability,and *** work presents a new certification tool based on blockchain technology to guarantee trusted,accurate,transparent,and traceable lifecycle information of products and their components and to generate trustworthy certificates to probe refurbished product historical *** tool aims to enhance refurbished product visibility by creating the basis for making the circular economy a reality in any domain.

关键词： Blockchain Traceability Lifecycle Product lifecycle management(PLM) Refurbishment Certification Circular economy

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Cryoablation of osteoid osteomas:Is it a valid treatment option?

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第9期16卷 389-397页

作者： Antonios Michailidis Athanasios Panos Efthimios Samoladas Georgios Dimou Georgia Mingou Panagiotis Kosmoliaptsis Maria Arvaniti christos Giankoulof Evangelos Petsatodis Department of Interventional Radiology Georgios Papanikolaou General Hospital of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57010Greece Department of 1st Orthopaedic Clinic Georgios Papanikolaou General Hospital of ThessalonikiAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57010Greece Dental School EKPAAthens 15773Greece

BACKGROUnD Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor with characteristic clinical *** selected method for its treatment is percutaneous radiofrequency ***,percutaneous cryoablation is an alternative method with certain *** To evaluate percutaneous computed tomography(CT)-guided cryoablation for the treatment of osteoid osteoma in young patients and *** A total of 25 patients were treated with percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation for osteoid osteomas between October 2020 and March 2023 at a single *** patients were above 14-years-old(mean age,24-years-old),and all procedures were performed under local *** the 25 patients,8 were female and 17 were *** sites included the femur(n=9),medial malleolus(n=4),sacral ala(n=4),facets(n=4),humerus(n=3),and tibia(n=1).One cryoprobe was used in each procedure and,when possible,the lesion was covered by the ice-ball using an extraosseous position without penetrating the *** necessary thermal protective techniques were used depending on the anatomical structure at *** All patients treated had complete response(100%clinical success rate)starting on the day of the *** success was achieved in all *** analog scale(VAS)scores at 1 year were 0,compared to a mean VAS score of 8.5±1(SD)before the *** recurrences were reported at the 1-year follow-up and no complications were *** 11/25 cases,an extraosseous position of the cryoprobe was used with less procedural time achieving technical and clinical success and no complications with less patient *** patients were discharged from the hospital on the same day as the *** Cryoablation of osteoid osteomas is an efficacious and safe procedure with durable clinical *** greatest advantage is that the procedure can be performed under local anesthesia using an extraosseous position of the cryoprobe when possible.

关键词： Cryoablation Osteoid osteoma Computed tomography guidance Interventional radiology Orthopedics Bone tumors

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On the connection between the solutions to the Dirac and Weyl equations and the corresponding electromagnetic four-potentials

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第4期72卷 52-63页

作者： Aristides I Kechriniotis christos A Tsonos Konstantinos K Delibasis Georgios n Tsigaridas Department of Physics University of ThessalyGR 35100 LamiaGreece Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics University of ThessalyGR-35100 LamiaGreece Department of Physics School of Applied Mathematical and Physical SciencesNational Technical University of AthensGR-15780 Zografou AthensGreece

In this work we study in detail the connection between the solutions to the Dirac and Weyl equations and the associated electromagnetic ***,it is proven that all solutions to the Weyl equation are degenerate,in the sense that they correspond to an infinite number of electromagnetic *** far as the solutions to the Dirac equation are concerned,it is shown that they can be classified into two *** elements of the first class correspond to one and only one four-potential,and are called non-degenerate Dirac *** the other hand,the elements of the second class correspond to an infinite number of four-potentials,and are called degenerate Dirac ***,it is proven that at least two of these fourpotentials are gauge-inequivalent,corresponding to different electromagnetic *** order to illustrate this particularly important result we have studied the degenerate solutions to the forcefree Dirac equation and shown that they correspond to massless *** have also provided explicit examples regarding solutions to the force-free Weyl equation and the Weyl equation for a constant magnetic *** all cases we have calculated the infinite number of different electromagnetic fields corresponding to these ***,we have discussed potential applications of our results in cosmology,materials science and nanoelectronics.

关键词： Dirac equation Weyl equation degenerate solutions electromagnetic four-potentials electromagnetic fields massless particles

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Bone and brain metastases from ampullary adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2665-2668页

作者： Ioannis A Voutsadakis Stergios Doumas Konstantinos Tsapakidis Maria Papagianni christos n Papandreou Division of Medical Oncology University Hospital of Larissa

Ampullary carcinoma is the second most common cancer of the peri-ampullary area after pancreatic carcinoma and metastasizes mostly intra-abdominally and to the ***-abdominal metastases are less *** this report we describe the case of a patient with resected adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater who developed skeletal metastases in the lower extremity and brain *** briefly discuss aspects of this comparatively rare gastrointestinal malignancy.

关键词： Adenocarcinoma Ampulla of Vater Peri-ampullary Metastases Prognosis

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Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in haemodialysis patients from central Greece

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第2期16卷 225-231页

作者： Paraskevi Mina Sarah P Georgiadou christos Rizos George n Dalekos Eirini I Rigopoulou Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine Medical School University of Thessaly41110 LarissaThessalyGreece Research Group of Investigational Medicine Institute of Biomedical Research and TechnologyCentre for Research and Technology-Thessaly(CE.RE.TE.TH)41222 LarissaThessalyGreece RE.TE.TH)41222 LarissaThessalyGreece Research Group of Investigational Medicine Institute of Biomedical Research and TechnologyCentre for Research and Technology-Thessaly(CE.RE.TE.TH)41222 LarissaThessalyGreece

AIM:To assess the hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DnA and the prevalence of occult HBV infection in end-stage renal failure(ESRF)patients from Central Greece. METHODS:Sera from 366 ESRF patients attending five out of six dialysis units from Central Greece were investigated for HBV-DnA by real-time polymerase chain *** serum samples with repeatedly detectable HBV-DnA were considered *** antibodies to hepatitis C virus(anti-HCV)were tested by a third generation enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),while IgG antibodies to hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV)were tested by two commercially available ***:HBV-DnA was detected in 15/366 patient (4.1%)and HBsAg in 20/366(5.5%).The prevalenc of occult HBV infection was 0.9%(3/346 HBsAg negative patients).Occult HBV was not associate with a specific marker of HBV infection or anti-HCV o anti-HEV *** was no significant differenc in HBV-DnA titres,demographic and biochemica features,between patients with occult HBV infectio and those with HBsAg-positive chronic HBV infection. COnCLUSIOn:In central Greece,4%of ESRF patient had detectable HBV-DnA,though in this setting,th prevalence of occult HBV seems to be very low(0.9%).

关键词： Hepatitis B virus-DnA Occult hepatitis B virus infection Haemodialysis Hepatitis B Real-time polymerase chain reaction

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