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Chemical weathering in Malay Peninsula and North Borneo:Clay mineralogy and element geochemistry of river surface sediments

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第2期54卷 272-282页

作者： WANG Hao LIU ZhiFei Edlic SATHIAMURTHY christophe COLIN LI JianRu ZHAO YuLong State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Institute of Oceanography University Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Terengganu 21030 Malaysia Laboratoire IDES Bat. 504 UMR 8148 CNRS Universite de Paris XI Orsay 91405 France

Weathering products of silicate rocks are particularly useful for evaluating the continental chemical weathering on the Earth's surface and its *** mineralogy and major-element geochemistry of surface sediment samples collected in major rivers of Malay Peninsula and North Borneo in the tropical Southeast Asian region are used to study the present chemical weathering process and its controlling factors of tropical *** results indicate that the clay mineral assemblage in Malay Peninsula consists dominantly of kaolinite(average 80%) and minor illite(average 17%),almost without chlorite and smectite,whereas in North Borneo it consists mainly of illite and chlorite,with minor amounts of kaolinite(average 14%) and no *** contents of illite and chlorite in both Northwest and Northeast Borneo are 84% and 87%,***-element geochemical results of both bulk and clay-fraction sediments show intensive chemical weathering degree for both ***,the chemical weathering degree is gradually strengthened from Northeast Borneo,Northwest Borneo,to Malay Peninsula,and it is extremely intensive in Malay *** results indicate that,in the tropical Southeast Asian region exampled by Malay Peninsula and Borneo,climatic condition of tropical warm temperature and East Asian monsoon rainfall is the first-order controlling factor on the chemical weathering,resulting in intensive chemical weathering throughout tropical areas,and tectonic activity and lithology of parent rocks are subordinate factors,which still have an important impact on the weathering products,forming completely different clay mineral assemblages between Malay Peninsula and Borneo.

关键词： clay minerals major elements fluvial sediments chemical weathering Malay Peninsula Borneo

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Local HY5 Activity Mediates Hypocotyl Growth and Shoot-to-Root Communication

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Plant Communications 2020年第5期1卷 64-72页

作者： Yogev Burko christophe Gaillochet Adam Seluzicki Joanne Chory Wolfgang Busch Howard Hughes Medical Institute Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCA 92037USA Plant Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies10010 North Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Integrative Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies10010 North Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA

Plants optimize their growth in fluctuating environments using information acquired by different *** information is then transmitted through the rest of the plant using both short-and long-distance signals,including hormones and mobile *** a few of these signals have been characterized,long-distance signaling is not well understood in ***,the light-regulated transcription factor HY5 was reported to move from the shoot to the root to regulate root *** generated a cell-type specifically expressed HY5 fusion protein that could not be detected outside the tissue in which it was *** expressing this DOF-HY5 protein in specific cell types of the hypocotyl,we showed that its local activity was sufficient to regulate hypocotyl *** also found that,although DOF-HY5 was expressed specifically in the shoot and not detected in the roots,it could rescue hy5 growth defects in primary roots but not in lateral *** therefore conclude that HY5 protein mobility is not required in the hypocotyl or for shoot-to-root *** results indicate that a signal downstream of,or in parallel with,HY5 in the shoot is mobile and links shoot and root growth.

关键词： HY5 shoot-to-root communication hypocotyl root lateral root Arabidopsis

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Differences in egg hatching time between cyclical and obligate parthenogenetic lineages of aphids

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 135-141页

作者： Charles-Antoine Dedryver Joel Bonhomme Jean-Francois Le Gallic Jean-christophe Simon Unite Mixte de Recherche IGEPP 1349 INRAIAgrocampus OuestlUniversite Rennes 1Le Rheu cedexFrance

Many aphid species exhibit a variation in reproductive mode which is influenced by winter climate regimes,with cyclical parthenogenetic (CP)lines dominating in cold winter areas (because they produce cold-resistant eggs)and obligate parthenogenetic (OP) ones in mild winter regions (because of their parthenogenetic overwintering).Genetic studies on several aphid species have shown that the OP trait can be transmitted during sexual events involving the 2 types of *** genetic system could be considered as a local safeguarding mechanism for OP alleles in case severe frost would have killed all parthenogenetically overwintering ***,this strategy would only be efficient in restoring local polymorphism in breeding systems if the newly hatched OP recombinants remain competitive over their CP *** this study we compared egg hatching sequences of CP and OP F1 clones from several crosses obtained for 2 cereal aphid species,Sitobion avenae (constant 5℃,8 h of light)and Rhopalosiphum padi (winter outdoor conditions).For ***,we obtained F1 offspring from 6 crosses, involving 4 clones while in *** F1 were obtained from 11 crosses involving 14 clones. We showed that in both species proportions of OP clones were higher in the first half of the progeny relative to the second *** addition,F1 OP clones hatched in the mean about a week earlier than their CP sibs,which gives them a demographic advantage at the start of the growth *** then discussed the consequences of this fitness advantage for the maintenance and spread of the OP trait in aphid populations.

关键词： asexuality diapauses genetic variation insects overwintering strategies reproductive mode

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A Review of Transparent and Artificial Boundary Conditions Techniques for Linear and Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第9期4卷 729-796页

作者： Xavier Antoine Anton Arnold christophe Besse Matthias Ehrhardt Achim Schadle Institut Elie Cartan Nancy(IECN) Universite Henri Poincare Nancy 1UMR 7502INRIA CoridaNancy-UniversiteFrance. Institut fur Analysis und Scientific Computing Technische Universitat WienWiedner Hauptstr.81040 WienAustria. Project-Team SIMPAF INRIA Lille Nord Europe Research Centre Laboratoire Paul Painleve U.M.R CNRS 8524 Universite des Sciences et Technologies de LilleFrance. Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Mohrenstr.3910117 BerlinGermany. Zuse-Institut Berlin Takustrasse 714195 BerlinGermany.

In this review article we discuss different techniques to solve numerically the time-dependent Schrodinger equation on unbounded *** present in detail the most recent approaches and describe briefly alternative ideas pointing out the relations between these *** conclude with several numerical examples from different application areas to compare the presented *** mainly focus on the one-dimensional problem but also touch upon the situation in two space dimensions and the cubic nonlinear case.

关键词： Schrodinger equation transparent boundary conditions discrete convolution unbounded domain finite difference schemes finite elements

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Ultrafiltration for environmental safety in shellfish production: A case of bloom emergence

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 46-53页

作者： Clemence Cordier Alexandra Voulgaris christophe Stavrakakis Patrick Sauvade Franz Coelho Philippe Moulin Aix-Marseille Universite M2P2 UMR 7340Equipe Procedes MembranairesLaboratoire de Mecanique Modelisation et Procedes PropresAix en Provence 13545France Plateforme Experimentale Mollusques Marins Station Ifremer de BouinPolder des ChampsBouin 85230France Suez-Aquasource Toulouse 31029France

The process of ultrafiltration(UF)of natural seawater often encounters the problems of variation in water quality and coastal *** validate the feasibility of UF in shellfish farms,this study compared the hydraulic performance and pollutant removal efficiency of the UF process with those of the commonly used treatments that combine several filtration steps with ultraviolet(UV)*** comparison was conducted in the cases of natural seawater and a coastal *** that the UF process encountered the specific type of pollution,this study evaluated the filtration performance of the UF process and the retention of total suspended solids(TSS),bacteria,phytoplankton,and zooplankton.A real coastal bloom was considered in the case study of an experimental shellfish hatchery/nursery in *** results show that both treatments were able to eliminate approximately 50%of ***,in contrast with UV treatment combined with filtration,the UF process retained total amounts of phytoplankton,zooplankton,and bacteria in the *** the hydraulic performance of the UF process was impacted by the coastal bloom,the fouling was eliminated through chemical cleaning conducted at a frequency less than once per 12 *** the severe pollution,this study confirmed the pollution resistance and treatment performance of the UF process,indicating that UF has the potential to enhance the biosecurity level.

关键词： Ultrafiltration Environmental safety Aquaculture Shellfish culture Coastal bloom

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Mapping surface water erosion potential in the Soummam watershed in Northeast Algeria with RUSLE model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第7期16卷 1606-1615页

作者： Youcef SAHLI Elhadj MOKHTARI Belkacem MERZOUK Benoit LAIGNEL christophe VIAL Khodir MADANI Laboratory of Biomathematics BiophysicsBiochemistryand Scientometry(L3BS)Faculty of TechnologyUniversity ofBejaia06000 BejaiaAlgeria Department of Hydraulics Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of M'silaAlgeria UMR CNRS 6143 Continental and Coastal Morphodynamics Laboratory(M2C) University of RouenCedex 76821 Mont-Saint-AignanFrance University Clermont Auvergne CNRSSIGMA ClermontPascal InstituteF-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance

The present study aims to estimate the annual soil loss in the Soummam watershed in the northeast of Algeria,using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE),geographic information system(GIS),and remote sensing(RS).RUSLE model has been used for modelling the main factors involved in erosive *** Soummam watershed covers a surface area of 9108.45 km^2 of irregular shape,northeast–southwest towards *** is characterized by an altitude varying between 2 m in the northeast and 2308 m in the *** showed that the average erosivity factor(R)is 70.64(MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year)and the maximum value reaches 140(MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year),the average soil erodibility factor(K)is 0.016(t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm)and maximum values reach 0.0204(t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm)in the southeast regions of the watershed,the average slope length and steepness factor(LS)is 9.79 and the mean C factor is estimated to be *** maps integration of different factors of RUSLE in GIS with their database,allowed with a rapid and efficient manner to highlight complexity and factors interdependence in the erosion risk *** resulting map for soils losses,with an average erosion rate of 6.81 t/(ha·year)shows a low erosion(<7.41 t/(ha·year))which covers 73.46%of the total area of the basin,and a medium erosion(7.42 to 19.77 t/(ha·year)),which represents 17.66%of the *** with extreme erosion risk exceeding 32.18 t/(ha·year)cover more than 3.54%of the basin *** results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the Soummam watershed.

关键词： Soummam watershed Soil erosion Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Remote sensing Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

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Characterising acute ischaemic stroke thrombi:insights from histology,imaging and emerging impedance-based technologies

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第4期7卷 353-363页

作者： Smita Patil Jean Darcourt Pierluca Messina Franz Bozsak christophe Cognard Karen Doyle CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical DevicesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland Neuroradiology CHU de ToulouseToulouseFrance Sensome MassyFrance Physiology National University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland

Treatment of acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)focuses on rapid recanalisation of the occluded *** recent years,advent of mechanical thrombectomy devices and new procedures have accelerated the analysis of thrombi retrieved during the endovascular thrombectomy *** ongoing developments and progress in AIS imaging techniques,it is not yet possible to conclude definitively regarding thrombus characteristics that could advise on the probable efficacy of thrombolysis or thrombectomy in advance of *** devices with dignostic capabilities or new clinical imaging approaches are needed for better treatment of AIS *** this review,what is known about the composition of the thrombi that cause strokes and the evidence that thrombus composition has an impact on success of acute stroke treatment has been *** review also discusses the evidence that AIS thrombus composition varies with aetiology,questioning if suspected aetiology could be a useful indicator to stroke physicians to help decide the best acute course of ***,this review discusses the evidence that current widely used radiological imaging tools can predict thrombus *** use of new emerging technologies based on bioimpedance,as imaging modalities for diagnosing AIS and new medical device tools for detecting thrombus composition in situ has been *** bioimpedance would be beneficial for gaining new insights into in situ thrombus composition that could guide choice of optimum treatment approach is also reviewed.

关键词： throm acute impedance

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Structure-directed expansion of biphenyl-pyridone derivatives as potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with significantly improved potency and safety

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第12期34卷 126-131页

作者： Li-Min Zhao christophe Pannecouque Erik De Clercq Shuai Wang Fen-Er Chen Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain&Functional Molecules Ministry of EducationYanbian University College of PharmacyYanbian UniversityYanji 133002China Rega Institute for Medical Research KU LeuvenHerestraat 49Leuven B-3000Belgium

Following our previous work on human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs),a series of novel biphenyl-pyridone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HiV-1 activity to expand their structure-activity *** of them exhibited low nanomolar activity toward wild-type HiV-1 and clinically relevant single/double mutant *** most active compound B1 was 231-fold more potent(EC_(50)=17nmol/L)than the lead compound 2(EC_(50)=3.93μmol/L)against wild-type(WT)*** compound was approximately 3.5-fold less cytotoxic(CC_(50)=100.58μmol/L)than compound 2(CC_(50)=28.24μmol/L),presenting a higher selectivity index(SI)value of *** with 2,the antiviral potency of B1 was significantly increased against five single mutant strains(L1001,K103N,E138K,Y181C and Y188L)and two double mutant strains(F227L+V106A and K103N+Y181C).Especially,K103N,Y181C and K103N+Y181C were more sensitive to B1 than both 2 and ***,the enzymatic inhibitory activity of B1 against wild-type HIV-1 reverse transcriptase was approximately 32-fold higher(IC_(50)=100nmol/L)than 2(IC_(50)=3.21μmol/L).Molecular docking studies and dynamic simulations were conducted to explain their potent *** together,this research represents an important step toward the discovery of novel biphenylpyridone drug candidates for HIV therapy.

关键词： HIV-1 NNRTI Doravirine Biphenyl-pyridone Safety

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Picomolar inhibitor of reverse transcriptase featuring significantly improved metabolic stability

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第7期13卷 3054-3066页

作者： Ya-Li Sang christophe Pannecouque Erik De Clercq Shuai Wang Fen-Er Chen Department of Chemistry Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral MoleculesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433China School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China Rega Institute for Medical Research KU LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium

Considering the undesirable metabolic stability of our recently identified NNRTI 5(t1/2=96 min)in human liver microsomes,we directed our efforts to improve its metabolic stability by introducing a new favorable hydroxymethyl side chain to the C-5 position of *** strategy provided a series of novel methylol-biphenyl-diarylpyrimidines with excellent anti-HIV-1 *** best compound 9g was endowed with remarkably improved metabolic stability in human liver microsomes(t1/2=2754 min),which was about 29-fold longer than that of 5(t1/2=96 min).This compound conferred picomolar inhibition of WT HIV-1(EC50=0.9 nmol/L)and low nanomolar activity against five clinically drug-resistant mutant *** maintained particularly low cytotoxicity(CC50=264μmol/L)and good selectivity(SI=256,438).Molecular docking studies revealed that compound 9g exhibited a more stable conformation than 5 due to the newly constructed hydrogen bond of the hydroxymethyl group with ***,compound 9g was characterized by good safety *** displayed no apparent inhibition of CYP enzymes and h *** acute toxicity assay did not cause death and pathological damage in mice at a single dose of 2 g/*** findings paved the way for the discovery and development of new-generation anti-HIV-1 drugs.

关键词： NNRTI HIV-1 DAPYs Picomolar Metabolic stability

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Changes in reproductive investment with altitude in an alpine plant

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第3期2卷 125-134页

作者： Yann Hautier christophe F.Randin Jurg Stocklin Antoine Guisan Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneBaˆtiment BiophoreCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Institute of Botany University of BaselSchoenbeinstrasse 6CH-4056 BaselSwitzerland Present address:Institute of environmental Sciences University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims In perennial species,the allocation of resources to reproduction results in a reduction of allocation to vegetative growth and,therefore,impacts future reproductive *** a consequence,variation in this trade-off is among the most important driving forces in the life-history evolution of perennial plants and can lead to locally adapted *** addition to genetic variation,phenotypic plasticity might also contribute to local adaptation of plants to local conditions by mediating changes in reproductive *** on the importance of genetic and environmental effects on the tradeoff between reproduction and vegetative growth is therefore essential to understand how plants may respond to environmental *** We conducted a transplant experiment along an altitudinal gradient from 425to1921 min the frontrange of the Western Alps of Switzerland to assess the influence of both altitudinal origin of populations and altitude of growing site on growth,reproductive investment and local adaptation in Poa *** findings In our study,the investment in reproduction increased with plant *** growth and the relative importance of reproductive investment decreased in populations originating from higher altitudes compared to populations originating from lower *** changes in reproductive investment were mainly explained by differences in plant *** contrast to genetic effects,phenotypic plasticity of all traits measured was low and not related to *** a result,the population from the lowest altitude of origin performed best at all *** results indicate that in *** genetic differences in growth and reproductive investment are related to local conditions affecting growth,*** competition and soil moisture content.

关键词： Poa alpina transplantation altitudinal gradient genetic diversity phenotypic plasticity

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