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Enhancement of endogenous midbrain neurogenesis by microneurotrophin BNN-20 after neural progenitor grafting in a mouse model of nigral degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1318-1324页

作者： Theodora Mourtzi Nasia Antoniou christina Dimitriou Panagiotis Gkaravelas Georgia Athanasopoulou Panagiota Nti Kostantzo Olga Stathi Efthymia Theodorou Maria Anesti Rebecca Matsas Fevronia Angelatou Georgia Kouroupi Ilias Kazanis Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of BiologyUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells Hellenic Pasteur InstituteAthensGreece Department of Physiology School of MedicineUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece

We have previously shown the neuroprotective and pro-neurogenic activity of microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the substantia nigra of the“weaver”mouse,a model of progressive nigrostriatal ***,we extended our investigation in two clinically-relevant ***,we assessed the effects of BNN-20 on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons derived from healthy and parkinsonian ***,we assessed if BNN-20 can boost the outcome of mouse neural progenitor cell intranigral transplantations in weaver mice,at late stages of *** found that BNN-20 has limited direct effects on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells,marginally enhancing their differentiation towards neurons and partially reversing the pathological phenotype of dopaminergic neurons generated from parkinsonian *** agreement,we found no effects of BNN-20 on the mouse neural progenitor cells grafted in the substantia nigra of weaver ***,the graft strongly induced an endogenous neurogenic response throughout the midbrain,which was significantly enhanced by the administration of microneurotrophin *** results provide straightforward evidence of the existence of an endogenous midbrain neurogenic system that can be specifically strengthened by ***,the lack of major similar activity on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and their progeny reveals the in vivo specificity of the aforementioned pro-neurogenic effect.

关键词： adult neurogenesis BNN-20 brain-derived neurotrophic factor cell replacement induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) neurotrophic factors Parkinson's disease substantia

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Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Cancer: A Unique Entity

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 107-114页

作者： Ashima Mittal christina Dimech Farhad Hasan Gayatri Jaiswal Division of Endocrinology Allegheny Health Network Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid thyroid cancer (SMECE) is a rare entity with less than 100 cases reported in the literature. Previously considered to have an indolent course, however, recent evidence has reported an aggressive nature ranging from local invasion to distant metastasis. We present a 66-year-old Caucasian female with SMECE who initially presented neck compressive symptoms. A thyroid ultrasound (US) revealed a solid hypoechoic mass replacing the left thyroid lobe. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the nodule resulted in suspicion of Papillary Thyroid Cancer, Bethesda category 5. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and surgical pathology showed SMECE. Post-therapy whole-body scan following treatment with 150 mCi I-131 showed no residual or metastatic disease. SMECE is more common in females, between the third to eighth decade of life. Preoperative diagnosis may not be accurate given variable cytopathologic features. Differential diagnoses include primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid, squamous differentiation of other thyroid malignancies, anaplastic thyroid cancer and nodular sclerosing variety of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Due to its rarity, treatment of SMECE has ranged from thyroid surgery without or with radioactive iodine therapy, to surgery and external beam radiation and even chemotherapy.

关键词： Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Cancer Papillary Thyroid Cancer Thyroid Cancer

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A Study of Radiation-Induced Telomere Instability Using Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第3期14卷 73-85页

作者： Alan Chant Ahmad Chaudary christina M. Kraemer-Chant Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of Vermont Burlington VT USA Department of Public and Allied Health Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH USA Department of Chemistry Saint Michaels College Colchester VT USA

The integrity of the chromosomes for two WIL2-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (TK6 and WTK1) in the presence and absence of ionizing radiation was analyzed by Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA). The TK6 cell line has the native p53 tumor-suppressor gene, whereas WTK1 cells contain a p53 mutation. Each cell line was isolated pre- and post-irradiation (2 and 3 Gy) and analyzed by MLPA. The impact of irradiation on these two cell lines was investigated using probes that target specific regions on chromosomes associated with subtelomeric regions. Results indicate that WTK1 and TK6 are impacted differently after irradiation, and that each cell line presents its own unique MLPA profile. The most notable differences are the appearance of a number of probes in the post-irradiated MLPA profile that are not present in the controls, and two unique probe signals only seen in WTK1 cells. These results build on our previous studies that indicate how different human cell lines can be affected by radiation in significantly different ways depending on the presence or absence of wild type p53.

关键词： Ionizing Radiation Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) p53 Tumor Suppressor Telomere Instability

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Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati Karen Chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor *** research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor *** study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal ***,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem *** this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp *** investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with *** retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in *** density was evaluated by rhodopsin *** vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp *** function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),*** was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse *** recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest *** of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human *** tem

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

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Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang Andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni Sean R.Brennan Hypatia K.Newton Darya Buehler christina Kendziorski Randall J.Kimple Gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral *** inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

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Friend or foe? Using eye-tracking technology to investigate the visual discrimination ability of giant pandas

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 430-439页

作者： Xinrui Huang Guo Li Guiquan Zhang Zixiang Li Lin Zhao Mengdie Zhu Qinghua Xiang Xuefeng Liu Mei Tian Hemin Zhang christina D.Buesching Dingzhen Liu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringDepartment of EcologyCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant PandaSichuan 623004China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Key Laboratoryof CaptiveWildlife Technology Beijing ZooBeijing100044China Department of Biology Irving K.Barber Faculty of ScienceThe University of British ColumbiaOkanagan CampusKelownaBCCanada

The role that visual discriminative ability plays among giant pandas in social communication and individual discrimination has received less attention than olfactory and auditory ***,we used an eye-tracker technology to investigate pupil fixation patterns for 8 captive male giant pandas Ailuropoda *** paired images(N=26)of conspecifics against:1)sympatric predators(gray wolves and tigers),and non-threatening sympatric species(golden pheasant,golden snub-nosed monkey,takin,and red panda),2)conspecifics with atypical fur colora-tion(albino and brown),and 3)zookeepers/non-zookeepers wearing either work uniform or plain *** each session,we tracked the pan-da's pupil movements and measured pupil first fixation point(FFP),fixation latency,total fixation count(TFC),and duration(TFD)of attention to each ***,pandas exhibited similar attention(FFPs and TFCs)to images of predators and non-threatening sympatric *** of golden pheasant,snub-nosed monkey,and tiger received less attention(TFD)than images of conspecifics,whereas images of takin and red panda received more attention,suggesting a greater alertness to habitat or food competitors than to potential ***'TFCs were greater for images of black-white conspecifics than for albino or brown phenotypes,implying that familiar color elicited more *** reacted differently to images of men versus *** images of women only,pandas gave more attention(TFC)to familiar combinations(uniformed zookeepers and plain-clothed non-zookeepers),consistent with the familiarity *** pandas can use visual perception to discriminate intra-specifically and inter-specifically,including details of human appearance,has applications for panda conservation and captive husbandry.

关键词： eye movement tracker giant panda images total fixation duration total pupil fixation count visual discrimination.

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The effect of Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel christina Scheu Joshua Spille Marta Lipińska-Chwałek Joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkels Marcus Hans Imke Greving Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the Laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： Laves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive layer

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Comparison of fungal vs bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit:Cause or corollary for high mortality?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 379-392页

作者： Sarah Khan Hanna Hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims Christine E Koval Aanchal Kapoor christina C Lindenmeyer Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pharmacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences/Biostatistics Section Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Infectious Disease Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Critical Care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND Due to development of an immune-dysregulated phenotype,advanced liver disease in all forms predisposes patients to sepsis acquisition,including by opportunistic pathogens such as *** data exists on fungal infection within a medical intensive liver unit(MILU),particularly in relation to acute on chronic liver *** To investigate the impact of fungal infections among critically ill patients with advanced liver disease,and compare outcomes to those of patients with bacterial *** From our prospective registry of MILU patients from 2018-2022,we included 27 patients with culture-positive fungal infections and 183 with bacterial *** compared outcomes between patients admitted to the MILU with fungal infections to bacterial *** was extracted through chart *** All fungal infections were due to Candida species,and were most frequently blood *** among patients with fungal infections was significantly worse relative to the bacterial cohort(93%vs 52%,P<0.001).The majority of the fungal cohort developed grade 2 or 3 acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF)(90%vs 64%,P=0.02).Patients in the fungal cohort had increased use of vasopressors(96%vs 70%,P=0.04),mechanical ventilation(96%vs 65%,P<0.001),and dialysis due to acute kidney injury(78%vs 52%,P=0.014).On MILU admission,the fungal cohort had significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(108 vs 91,P=0.003),Acute Physiology Score(86 vs 65,P=0.003),and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores(86 vs 65,P=0.041).There was no significant difference in the rate of central line use preceding culture(52%vs 40%,P=0.2).Patients with fungal infection had higher rate of transplant hold placement,and lower rates of transplant;however,differences did not achieve statistical *** Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections,likely attributable to severe ACLF *** studies examinin

关键词： Fungal Infection Sepsis Acute on chronic liver failure Intensive care

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Artificial light at night(ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology:insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 176-187页

作者： Han Li Pauline Allen Saige Boris Samantha Lagrama Jade Lyons christina Mills Pauline Moussi Casey Nichols Carter Tacosik Mc Kenzie Tsaousis Nyzaya Livingston Wilson John F.Grider Kevin A.Parker Matina C.Kalcounis-Rueppell Department of Biology University of Nebraska Omaha Department of Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro Colorado Parks and Wild-life Parker Ecology LLC Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta

Background The timing of behavior and habitat use of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night(ALAN) has been recognized as a source of environmental pol-lution. The interaction between ALAN and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthro-pogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade(2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North Carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light *** We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when ALAN was absent. In general, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, ALAN was associated with decreased bat activity inde-pendent of lunar cycle *** Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, ALAN might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate

关键词： Artificial light at night ALAN Bats Chiroptera Chronobiology Light pollution Lunar cycle Moonlight

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Psychiatric Sequelae of Chronic Pruritic Dermatoses

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2024年第2期13卷 25-38页

作者： Kelly Frasier Vivian Li Kathleen Click christina Dudzik Michelle Sobotka Evadne Rodriguez Karina Stech Nuvance Health/Vassar Brothers Medical Center Poughkeepsie NY USA School of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City University Kansas City MO USA Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine Middleton Campus Middletown NY USA Abrazo Health Network Goodyear AZ USA School of Medicine University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia MO USA Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Philadelphia PA USA

This comprehensive review investigates the significant psychological impact and profound psychological comorbidities found in individuals suffering from chronic pruritic dermatoses, including atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, and prurigo nodularis. Highlighting the complex, reciprocal relationship between pruritus and psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, this paper elucidates the comprehensive impact of dermatological disorders on the skin in addition to the far-reaching effects on an individual’s psychological well-being. By evaluating the efficacy of integrated psychodermatological interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness practices, pharmacological treatments, and innovative telepsychiatry and digital health solutions, this review aims to lay the foundation for a more holistic approach to treatment of concurrent dermatological and psychiatric conditions. Future research endeavors should delve deeper into the mechanistic foundation of the pruritus-psychiatry interface, the refinement of tailored treatment strategies, and the evaluation of long-term patient outcomes. In doing so, this review seeks to contribute to the optimization of patient care and well-being, underscoring the pivotal role of addressing both dermatological and psychological needs in achieving comprehensive health outcomes.

关键词： Psychodermatology Chronic Pruritic Dermatoses Psychological Comorbidities Integrated Interventions Pruritus-Psychiatry Interface

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