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Evaluating indicators of human well-being for ecosystem-based management

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第12期3卷 2-19页

作者： Sara Jo Breslow Margaret Allen Danielle Holstein Brit Sojka Raz Barnea Xavier Basurto courtney carothers Susan charnley arah coulthard Nives Dolsak Jamie Donatuto carlos Garcia-Quijano christina c.hicks Arielle Levine Michael B.Masci Karma Norman Melissa Poe Terre Satterfield Kevin St.Martin Phillip S.Levin center for creative conservation University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityBeaufortNCUSA college of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska FairbanksAnchorageAKUSA Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest ServicePortlandORUSA Department of Social Sciences and Languages Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK community Environmental Health Program Swinomish Indian Tribal CommunityLa ConnerWAUSA Department of Sociology and Anthropology The University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI USA center for Ocean Solutions Stanford UniversityMontereyCAUSA Lancaster Environment center Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Department of Geography San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Moore center for Science Conservation InternationalArlingtonVAUS Northwest Fisheries Science center National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWAUSA Washington Sea Grant University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Institute for Resources Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Geography RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Introduction:Interrelated social and ecological challenges demand an understanding of how environmental change and management decisions affect human *** paper out-lines a framework for measuring human well-being for ecosystem-based management(EBM).We present a prototype that can be adapted and developed for various scales and *** and managers use indicators to assess status and trends in integrated ecosystem assessments(IEAs).To improve the social science rigor and success of EBM,we developed a systematic and transparent approach for evaluating indicators of human well-being for an ***:Our process is based on a comprehensive conceptualization of human well-being,a scalable analysis of management priorities,and a set of indicator screening criteria tailored to the needs of *** tested our approach by evaluating more than 2000 existing social indicators related to ocean and coastal management of the US West *** focused on two foundational attributes of human well-being:resource access and *** and Discussion:Our results suggest that existing indicators and data are limited in their ability to reflect linkages between environmental change and human well-being,and extremely limited in their ability to assess social equity and *** reveal a critical need for new social indicators tailored to answer environmental questions and new data that are disaggregated by social variables to measure *** both,we stress the importance of collaborating with the people whose well-being is to be ***:Our framework is designed to encourage governments and communities to carefully assess the complex tradeoffs inherent in environmental decision-making.

关键词： Human well-being indicators ecosystem-based management integrated ecosystem assessment resource access self-determination

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Design,Synthesis,and Applications of Mesoporous covalent Organic Frameworks

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ccS chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 57-68页

作者： Niyati Arora cassandra Flores Milinda c.Senarathna christina M.Thompson Ronald A.Smaldone Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of TexasDallasRichardsonTexas 75080

covalent organic frameworks(cOFs)are highly ordered and permanently porous organic polymers that can be classified as two-dimensional or *** tunable design and crystalline order endow a range of pore sizes,shapes,functions,and applications that differentiate them from other *** cOF pore sizes and shapes rely on the geometry of the monomers and dynamic covalent chemistry,while the stacking of the sheets relies on noncovalent *** tunability allows for post-modification or the incorporation of additional functional groups for the reinforcement by various noncovalent *** limits of mesoporous cOFs are still being investigated,with the design rules continuing to *** we report a comprehensive review of mesoporous cOFs,explore strategies for large pore reinforcement,highlight structural design and features,elucidate their various functions and applications,discuss fundamental challenges faced that need to be addressed,and predict future directions.

关键词： covalent organic frameworks mesoporous supramolecular chemistry polymers pore size

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Microglial complex I activity: a crucial factor for smoldering inflammation in the central nervouss system

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3165-3166页

作者： Jana K.Sonner christina Mayer Manuel A.Friese Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

In their article published in Nature,Peruzotti-Jametta et *** metabolic reprogramming of microglia as a defining characteristic of their persistent and harmful activation during inflammatory neurodegeneration,which is observable in conditions like multiple sclerosis(MS).Subsequently,the authors demonstrate how mitigating mitochondrial dysregulation in microglia alleviates disease progression in an animal model of MS,thereby unveiling a potential novel target for the treatment of MS(Fig.1).

关键词： inflammation al. thereby

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comparison of fungal vs bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit:cause or corollary for high mortality?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 379-392页

作者： Sarah Khan Hanna Hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims christine E Koval Aanchal Kapoor christina c Lindenmeyer Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States cleveland clinic Lerner college of Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pharmacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences/Biostatistics Section Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Infectious Disease Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of critical care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BAcKGROUND Due to development of an immune-dysregulated phenotype,advanced liver disease in all forms predisposes patients to sepsis acquisition,including by opportunistic pathogens such as *** data exists on fungal infection within a medical intensive liver unit(MILU),particularly in relation to acute on chronic liver *** To investigate the impact of fungal infections among critically ill patients with advanced liver disease,and compare outcomes to those of patients with bacterial *** From our prospective registry of MILU patients from 2018-2022,we included 27 patients with culture-positive fungal infections and 183 with bacterial *** compared outcomes between patients admitted to the MILU with fungal infections to bacterial *** was extracted through chart *** All fungal infections were due to candida species,and were most frequently blood *** among patients with fungal infections was significantly worse relative to the bacterial cohort(93%vs 52%,Pcohort developed grade 2 or 3 acute on chronic liver failure(AcLF)(90%vs 64%,P=0.02).Patients in the fungal cohort had increased use of vasopressors(96%vs 70%,P=0.04),mechanical ventilation(96%vs 65%,Pcute kidney injury(78%vs 52%,P=0.014).On MILU admission,the fungal cohort had significantly higher Acute Physiology and chronic Health Evaluation(108 vs 91,P=0.003),Acute Physiology Score(86 vs 65,P=0.003),and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores(86 vs 65,P=0.041).There was no significant difference in the rate of central line use preceding culture(52%vs 40%,P=0.2).Patients with fungal infection had higher rate of transplant hold placement,and lower rates of transplant;however,differences did not achieve statistical *** Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections,likely attributable to severe AcLF *** studies examinin

关键词： Fungal Infection Sepsis Acute on chronic liver failure Intensive care

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Artificial light at night(ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology:insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 176-187页

作者： Han Li Pauline Allen Saige Boris Samantha Lagrama Jade Lyons christina Mills Pauline Moussi casey Nichols carter Tacosik Mc Kenzie Tsaousis Nyzaya Livingston Wilson John F.Grider Kevin A.Parker Matina c.Kalcounis-Rueppell Department of Biology University of Nebraska Omaha Department of Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro colorado Parks and Wild-life Parker Ecology LLc Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta

Background The timing of behavior and habitat use of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night(ALAN) has been recognized as a source of environmental pol-lution. The interaction between ALAN and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthro-pogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade(2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light *** We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when ALAN was absent. In general, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, ALAN was associated with decreased bat activity inde-pendent of lunar cycle *** Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, ALAN might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate

关键词： Artificial light at night ALAN Bats chiroptera chronobiology Light pollution Lunar cycle Moonlight

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Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 645-658页

作者： christina Larsen Simone Margaard Offersen Anders Brunse Mattia Pirolo Soumya Kanti Kar Luca Guadabassi Thomas Thymann Department of Veterinary and Animal Science University of CopenhagenDyrlagevej 681870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Animal Nutrition Wageningen Livestock ResearchWageningen University&Research1 De Elst6708 WageningenThe Netherlands

Background Diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig *** and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the *** secure better postnatal gut colonization,we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning *** objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEc).Methods Seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups:colonic microbiota transplantation(cMT,n=18),colonic content filtrate transplantation(ccFT,n=18),gastric microbiota transplantation(GMT,n=18),or saline(cON,n=18).Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life,and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning(d 20)and shortly after challenged with ETEc(d 24).We assessed growth,diarrhea prevalence,ETEc concentration,organ weight,blood parameters,small intestinal morphology and histology,gut mucosal function,and microbiota composition and *** Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk-and the solid-feeding phase,possibly due to stress associated with single ***,ccFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27,28,and 29 compared to cON(all PccFT also showed a lower ETEc prevalence on d 27(PcMT showed a higher alpha diversity and a difference in beta diversity compared to cON(Pclinical endpoints were similar across *** In conclusion,only ccFT reduced ETEc-related post-weaning ***,the protective effect was marginal,suggesting that higher doses,more effective modalities of administration

关键词： colonic content filtrate transplantation colonic microbiota transplantation Gastric microbiota transplantation Gut microbiota Mucosa Neonatal Post-weaning diarrhea

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Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati Karen chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng chen Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor *** research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor *** study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal ***,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem *** this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in c57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp *** investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with *** retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in *** density was evaluated by rhodopsin *** vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp *** function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),*** was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse *** recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest *** of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human *** tem

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

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The effect of Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel christina Scheu Joshua Spille Marta Lipińska-chwałek Joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkels Marcus Hans Imke Greving Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander chair of corrosion and corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(c15>c36>α-Mg>c14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the Laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： Laves phase STEM Magnesium corrosion Passive layer

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Dysfunctions of the Iga system:a common link between intestinal and renal diseases

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第2期8卷 126-134页

作者： christina Papista Laureline Berthelot Renato c Monteiro NSERM U699 Paris 75018France Universite´Paris Diderot Paris 75018France

Immunoglobulin A(Iga)-isotype antibodies play an important role in immunity owing to their structure,glycosylation,localization and receptor *** in this system can lead to multiple types of *** review describes the characteristics of Iga and discusses the involvement of abnormalities in the Iga system on the development of celiac disease and Iga nephropathy.

关键词： celiac disease Iga nephropathy immunoglobulin A receptors

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Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterization of different mesoporous TiO2 film electrodes for the immobilization of cytochrome c

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2018年第1期12卷 64-73页

作者： Stavros KATSIAOUNIS christina TIFLIDIS christina TSEKOURA Emmanuel TOPOGLIDIS Department of Materials Science University of Patras Rion 26504 Greece

In this work three different mesoporous TiO2 film electrodes were prepared and used for the immobilization of cytochrome c （cyt-c）. Films prepared via a standard sol-gel route （SG-films） were compared with commercially available benchmark nanotitania materials, namely P25 Degussa （P25-films） and Dyesol nanopaste （Dyesol films）. Their properties, film deposition characteristics and their abilities to adsorb protein molecules in a stable and functional way were examined. We investigated whether it is possible, rather than preparing TiO2 films using multistep, lengthy and not always reproducible sol-gel procedures, to use commercially available nanotitania materials and produce reproducible films faster that exhibit all the properties that make TiO2 films ideal for protein immobilization. Although these materials are formulated primarily for dye-sensitized solar cell applications, in this study we found out that protein immobilization is facile and remarkably stable on all of them. We also investigated their electrochemical properties by using cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry and found out that not only direct reduction of Fe（III）-heme to Fe（II）-heme of immobilized cyt-c was possible on all flms but that the adsorbed protein remained electroactive.

关键词： TiO2 films spectroelectrochemistry cyclic voltammetry cytochrome c

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