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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 926-933页

作者： peter christie Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom

The contamination of soils by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a widespread environmental problem and the remediation of PAHs from these areas has been a major concern. The effectiveness of many in situ bioremediation systems may be constrained by low contaminant bioavailability due to limited aqueous solubility or a large magnitude of sorption. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of methyl-β-cyclodextrin （MCD） on bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 of an aged PAH-contaminated soil. When 10% （W/W） MCD amendment was combined with bioaugmentation by the PAH-degrading bacterium Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2, the percentage degradation of total PAHs was significantly enhanced up to 34.8%. Higher counts of culturable PAH- degrading bacteria and higher soil dehydrogenase and soil polyphenol oxidase activities were observed in 10% （W/W） MCD-assisted bioaugmentation soil. This MCD-assisted bioaugmentation strategy showed significant increases （p 〈 0.05） in the average well color development （AWCD） obtained by the BIOLOG Eco plate assay, Shannon-Weaver index （H） and Simpson index （λ） compared with the controls, implying that this strategy at least partially restored the microbiological functioning of the PAH-contaminated soil. The results suggest that MCD-aided bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 may be a promising practical bioremediation strategy for aged PAH-contaminated soils.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons methyl-β-cyclodextrin biodegradation Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 microbial activity

Influence of kaolinite and montmorillonite on benzo[a]pyrene biodegradation by Paracoccus aminovorans HPD-2 and the underlying interface interaction mechanisms

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 246-255页

作者： Xinhong GAN Ying TENG Jian XU Ning ZHANG Wenjie REN Ling ZHAO peter christie Yongming LUO Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control Nanjing Institute of Environmental ScienceMinistry of Ecology and Environment(MEE)of ChinaNanjing 210042China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Clay minerals play an important role in biogeochemical ***,kaolinite and montmorillonite,the two most abundant and widespread clay minerals with typical layered structures,were selected to investigate and compare their effects on the biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene(BaP)by Paracoccus aminovorans HPD-2 and to investigate the underlying interface ***,the BaP degradation efficiency was significantly higher 7 d after montmorillonite addition,reaching 68.9%(P<0.05),when compared with that of the control without addition of clay minerals(CK,61.4%);however,the addition of kaolinite significantly reduced the BaP degradation efficiency to 45.8%.This suggests that kaolinite inhibits BaP degradation by inhibiting the growth of strain HPD-2,or its strong hydrophobicity and readily agglomerates in the degradation system,resulting in a decrease in the bio-accessibility of BaP to strain *** may buffer some unfavorable factors,and cells may be fixed on the surface of montmorillonite colloidal particles across energy ***,the adsorption of BaP on montmorillonite may be weakened after swelling,reducing the effect on the bio-accessibility of BaP,thus promoting the biodegradation of BaP by strain *** experimental results indicate that differential bacterial growth,BaP bio-accessibility,interface interaction,and the buffering effect may explain the differential effects of the different minerals on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon *** observations improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which clay minerals,organic pollutants,and degrading bacteria interact during the biodegradation process and provide a theoretical basis for increasing the biodegradation of soil pollutants by native microorganisms under field conditions.

关键词： bio-accessibility cell viability clay mineral degrading bacteria nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Biological transfer of silver under silver nanoparticle exposure and nitrogen transfer via a collembolan- predatory mite food-chain and ecotoxicity of silver sulfide

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第4期4卷 435-443页

作者： Simin Li Zhu Li Xin Ke Longhua Wu peter christie CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

The development of nanotechnology has accelerated the use of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)in household chemicals and the accumulation of Ag in sewage treatment *** application of sewage sludge products to soils raises concerns over the safety of Ag in the function and biogeochemical cycles of the soil belowground ***,we assess the potential risk of the accumulation and transfer of Ag under AgNPs exposure and its effects on the trophic transfer of nitrogen(N)through a soil animal food chain(Folsomia candida–Hypoaspis aculeifer).The formation of stable silver sulfide(Ag_(2)S)was also studied via a single species test using *** of Ag in *** increased with increasing AgNPs concentration,as did those in the predator ***,but the Ag bioaccumulation factors of both animals were<*** candida body tissue 15 N abundance declined markedly compared with that of *** sulfide did have adverse effects on the survival and reproduction of *** Ag concentrations of *** increased with increasing Ag_(2)S concentration in sludge-treated *** sulfide showed ecotoxicity to the collembolan,therefore ecotoxicity resulting from the transformation and fate of AgNPs in soils needs to be considered before biosolid products are applied to agricultural soils.

关键词： AgNPs Ag_(2)S 15N Soil animals Food chain

Estimating total nitrogen deposition in agroecosystems in northern China during the wheat cropping season

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第1期2卷 2-8页

作者： christie peter Fangmeier ANDREAS College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Institute of Plant Ecology and Landscape University of Hohenheim

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been poorly documented in northern China, an intensive agricultural and industrial region with large emissions of NHx and NOy. To quantify N deposition, total airborne N deposition was determined at three agricultural sites using a manual integrated total nitrogen input (ITNI) system during growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) from September 2005 to May 2006. Total estimated N deposition averaged 54.9 and 43.2 kg N/hm2 across the three sites when wheat was grown to flowering and maturing, respectively. The average value was 50.2 kg N/hm2 when ryegrass was the indicator plant. Both indicator species gave similar total airborne N input results. The intermediate level of N supplied resulted in the highest N deposition, and the ratio of N acquired from deposition to total N content of the whole system decreased with increasing N supply to the roots. The contribution of atmospheric N to the total N content of the wheat and ryegrass sand culture systems ranged from 10% to 24%.

关键词： airborne nitrogen inputs 15N pool dilution method sand culture system biological indicators

Reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls is coupled to nitrogen fixation by a legume-rhizobium symbiosis

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2018年第3期61卷 285-291页

作者： Chen TU Yongming LUO Ying TENG peter christie Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs), represent a particularly serious environmental problem and human health risk worldwide. Leguminous plants and their symbiotic bacteria(rhizobia) are important components of the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen in both agricultural and natural ecosystems. However, there have been relatively few detailed studies of the remediation of PCB-contaminated soils by legume-rhizobia symbionts. Here we report for the first time evidence of the reductive dechlorination of 2,4,4′-trichlorobiphenyl(PCB 28) by an alfalfa-rhizobium nitrogen fixing symbiont. Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) inoculated with wild-type Sinorhizobium meliloti had significantly larger biomass and PCB 28 accumulation than alfalfa inoculated with the nitrogenase negative mutant rhizobium Sm Y. Dechlorination products of PCB 28, 2,4′-dichlorobiphenyl(PCB 8), and the emission of chloride ion(Cl-) were also found to decrease significantly in the ineffective nodules infected by the mutant strain Sm Y. We therefore hypothesize that N2-fixation by the legume-rhizobium symbiont is coupled with the reductive dechlorination of PCBs within the nodules. The combination of these two processes is of great importance to the biogeochemical cycling and bioremediation of organochlorine pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词：苜蓿根瘤菌共生细菌氮固定聚氯联苯印刷电路板氯化物离子污染物质生态系统

Proteomic response of wheat embryos to fosthiazate stress in a protected vegetable soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第10期24卷 1843-1853页

作者： Chunyan Yin Ying Teng Yongming Luo peter christie Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences InstituteNewforge LaneBelfast BT95PXUnited Kingdom

A proteomic analysis of wheat defense response induced by the widely used organophosphorus nematicide fosthiazate is reported. Seed germination and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis （2-DE） experiments were performed using a Chinese wheat cultivar, Zhenmai No. 5. Root and shoot elongation decreased but thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS） content in embryos increased with increasing pesticide concentration. More than 1000 protein spots were reprodueibly detected in each silver-stained gel. Thirty-seven protein spots with at least 2-fold changes were identified using MALDI-TOF MS/MS analysis. Of these, 24 spots were up-regulated and 13 were down-regulated. Proteins identified included some well-known classical stress responsive proteins under abiotic or biotic stresses as well as some unusual responsive proteins. Ten responsive proteins were reported for the first time at the proteomic level, including fatty acyl CoA reductase, dihydrodipicolinate synthase, DEAD-box ATPase-RNA-helicase, fimbriata-like protein, waxy B 1, rust resistance kinase Lrl0, putative In2.1 protein, retinoblastoma-related protein 1, pollen allergen-like protein and S-adenosyl-L- methionine：phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase. The proteins identified were involved in several processes such as metabolism, defense/detoxification, cell structure/ceU growth, signal transduction]transcription, photosynthesis and energy. Seven candidate proteins were further analyzed at the mRNA level by RT-PCR to compare transcript and protein accumulation patterns, revealing that not all the genes were correlated well with the protein level. Identification of these responsive proteins may provide new insight into the molecular basis of the fosthiazate-stress response in the early developmental stages of plants and may be useful in stress monitoring or stress-tolerant crop breeding for environmentally friendly agricultural production.

关键词： fosthiazate proteomic wheat embryo stress response biological indicator

Phytotoxicity in seven higher plant species exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate or bis （2-ethylhexyl） phthalate

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 259-268页

作者： Tingting MA Ying TENG peter christie Yongming LUO Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Soil Science Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China

We investigated phytotoxicity in seven plant species exposed to a range of concentrations （0- 500 mg· kg^-1 soil） of di-n-butyl phthalate （DnBP） or his （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）, two representative phthalate esters （PAEs） nominated by USEPA as priority pollutants and known environmental estrogens. We studied seed germination, root elongation, seedling growth, biomass （fresh weight, FW） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of shoots and roots of wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.）, perennial ryegrass （Lolium perenne）, radish （Raphanus sativus L.）, cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）, oat （Avena sativa） and onion （Allium cepa L.）, together with monitoring of plant pigment content （chlorophyll a, b and earotinoids） in alfalfa, radish and onion shoots. Root elongation, seedling growth and biomass of the test species were generally inhibited by DnBP but not by DEHP, indicating a lower level of phytotoxicity of DEHP than of DnBP. MDA contents of four species were promoted by PAE exposure, but not in alfalfa, ryegrass or onion shoots, indicating lower sensitivity of these three species to PAE pollutants. Plant pigment contents were clearly affected under the stress of both pollutants, implying the potential damage to the photosynthetic system of test plants, mainly by decreasing the content of chlorophyll a and b. Results of DnBP and DEHP phytotoxicity to the primary growth of test plants has provided information for the assessment of their environmental risk in the soil and also forms a basis for the further analysis of their toxic effects over the whole growth period of different plant species.

关键词： phytotoxicity di-n-butyl phthalate bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate malondialdehyde plant pigments(chlorophyll a b and carotinoids)

Effects of water management on arsenic and cadmium speciation and accumulation in an upland rice cultivar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 225-231页

作者： Pengjie Hu Younan Ouyang Longhua Wu Libo Shen Yongming Luo peter christie Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese National Rice Research Institute Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Pot and field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of water regimes on the speciation and accumulation of arsenic（As） and cadmium（Cd） in Brazilian upland rice growing in soils polluted with both As and Cd. In the pot experiment constant and intermittent flooding treatments gave 3–16 times higher As concentrations in soil solution than did aerobic conditions but Cd showed the opposite trend. Compared to arsenate, there were more marked changes in the arsenite concentrations in the soil solution as water management shifted, and therefore arsenite concentrations dominated the As speciation and bioavailability in the soil. In the field experiment As concentrations in the rice grains increased from 0.14 to 0.21 mg/kg while Cd concentrations decreased from 0.21 to 0.02 mg/kg with increasing irrigation ranging from aerobic to constantly flooding conditions. Among the various water regimes the conventional irrigation treatment produced the highest rice grain yield of 6.29 tons/ha. The As speciation analysis reveals that the accumulation of dimethylarsinic acid（from 11.3% to 61.7%） made a greater contribution to the increase in total As in brown rice in the intermittent and constant flooding treatments compared to the intermittent-aerobic treatment. Thus, water management exerted opposite effects on Cd and As speciation and bioavailability in the soil and consequently on their accumulation in the upland rice. Special care is required when irrigation regime methods are employed to mitigate the accumulation of metal（loid）s in the grain of rice grown in soils polluted with both As and Cd.

关键词： Arsenic Cadmium Dimethylarsinic acid(DMA) Rice Speciation Water management

Effects of long-term fertilizer applications on peanut yield and quality and plant and soil heavy metal accumulation

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Pedosphere 2020年第4期30卷 555-562页

作者： Xiaobing WANG Wuxing LIU Zhengao LI Ying TENG peter christie Yongming LUO College of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127(China) Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization Nanjing 210095(China)

The status of essential and potentially toxic trace elements in soils and crops can be affected by long-term fertilization practices. This study aimed to investigate changes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield and kernel quality, and changes in copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd)concentrations in soil and peanut kernels after 16 years of continuous cropping with different fertilization treatments. Five fertilization treatments were applied at a red soil site in Southeast China:chemical fertilizer (F) containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, F+trace elements (FT), pig manure (M), M+effective microorganisms (MB), and MB+trace elements (MBT). Properties of soil and pig manure, heavy metal contents in soil and peanut kernels, and the compositions of amino and fatty acids in kernels were determined. Application of pig manure significantly increased peanut biomass, kernel yield, and crude protein and total amino acid contents in kernels, but led to higher amounts of Cu, Zn, and Cd in soil and higher amounts of Zn and Cd in peanut kernels compared with that of chemical fertilizer. There should be greater concern about potential kernel Cd and Zn contaminations resulting from long-term application of pig manure contaminated with potentially toxic metals as an organic fertilizer.

关键词： amino acid chemical fertilizer fatty acid pig manure potentially toxic metal

Optimization of Ex-Situ Washing Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from a Contaminated Soil Using Nano-Sulfonated Graphene

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Pedosphere 2017年第3期27卷 527-536页

作者： GAN Xinhong TENG Ying REN Wenjie MA Jun peter christie LUO Yongming Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Materials and Chemistry Tongren University

Ex-situ soil washing technology offers advantages such as speed and efficiency of remediation and range of application and has been developed to conform with legal requirements and best management practices in USA and some European countries. In this study,nano-sulfonated graphene(SGE) was used as a washing agent to evaluate different processing(washing) parameters for the ectopic leaching removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) from a coking plant soil. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) were used to analyze the characteristics of the SGE tested. The results showed that SGE had a strong adsorption capacity for PAHs through the role of π-π, H-π, and anion-π interactions. The washing parameters, an SGE concentration of 2 000 mg L^(-1), a liquid/soil(L/S) ratio of 10:1, and 4 cycles of successive washing, were set to arrive to the optimum condition for achieving more than 80% of PAH removal. Under the optimum condition, the PAH removal rate decreased with increasing ring numbers. After one washing cycle at SGE concentration of 2 000 mg L^(-1) and L/S ratio of 10:1, the PAH removal rate of the SGE tested was much higher than that of Tween 80(TW80) or methyl-β-cyclodextrin(MCD)(P < 0.01). Therefore, SGE is a promising material for the nanoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.

关键词：多环芳烃污染土壤清洗技术石墨磺化纳米超临界傅里叶变换红外光谱