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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第6期15卷 490-493页

作者： christian Hohenstein Lucas Rudnik Frank Bloos Department of Emergency Medicine Zentralklinik Bad BerkaAffiliation University of MarburgFaculty of MedicineBad Berka 99437Germany University of Jena Faculty of MedicineJena 07747Germany Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital JenaJena 07747Germany

In the field of airway management,there is no national registry in Germany that captures data on emergency airway *** improve quality,one needs to know the data *** include gender,age,indications for emergency airway management,level of education,the intubating department,the intubation method,and other factors that can serve as a basis for quality improvement changes.

关键词： intubation airway education

Post-orogenic transients and relict landforms of the Bafoussam–Mamfe region(West-Cameroon Highland margin)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2180-2201页

作者： Pascal Landry WABO DEFO Sébastien OWONA Moussa NSANGOU NGAPNA christian BALLA ATEBA christian MWABANUA MUTABI The University of Douala Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Earth SciencesDouala 24157Cameroon The University of Lubumbashi Faculty of ScienceDepartment of GeologyLubumbashi 1825Democratic Republic of Congo

The Bafoussam-Mamfe Region(BMR)belongs to the Western Cameroon Highland margin,an amalgam of transient landscape that evolved from the interactions between tectonics,lithology and climate *** area is tectonically active and shows differential tectonic uplift,contrasting relief,variations in erosion rates,in river incision,and in channel *** order to appraise the BMR tectono-geomorphic evolution,it is essential to understand relationships between internal and external processes and their geomorphic expression at a river basin *** this purpose,we use drainage texture(Dt),stream frequency(Fs),drainage density(Dd),asymmetry factor(AF),the transverse topographic symmetry factor(TTSF),the mean of mountain front sinuosity per unit(Smf),concavity factor(Cf),hypsometry integral(HI)and streamlength gradient index(SL-index)based on 30 m Digital Elevation Models(DEM)and field *** results reveal considerable variations in geology,relief,topography and geomorphic indices values differentiated into three geomorphic units;the Mamfe unit developed on the Mamfe Cretaceous basin,the Nguti and Bafoussam high plateau units build up on the Precambrian granito-gneissic basement overlaid by a volcanic *** stepped(longitudinal and normalized)river profiles and complex hypsometric curves show the lithostructural control of the hydrographic ***(from~1.21 to~4.59),Fs(from~0.26 to~1.91),Dd(from~0.66 to~1.71)geomorphic indice values indicate a part of lithologic control on this morphology while the AF(from~1.16to~24.91),TTSF(from~0.20 to~0.71),Smf(U2=1.11 and U3=1.19),Cf(from~-20.91 to~78.93),HI(from~0.12 to~0.52)and SL-index designate the active tectonics as the main factor that had controlled the morphology of this same *** results pinpoint the combined post-Pan-African to Recent tectonic features,lithologic heterogeneities and the differential erosion processes as main factors that have controlled the BMR *** results highlight how

关键词： Geomorphic indices Tectonic,Lithology Differential erosion Bafoussam-Mamfe Cameroon

Is serine racemase(SRR) a second hit target for LRRK2-G2019S induced Parkinson's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 498-499页

作者： Sarah Louise Nickels Jens christian Schwamborn Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine(LCSB) University of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg Riken Institute for Medical Sciences(IMS) KanagawaJapan

To date,at least 7 million people are suffering from Parkinson's disease(PD)worldwide,which is the second most prevalent,age-associated,and progressive neurodegenerative disorder(Tysnes and Storstein,2017).Given the accelerated global pace of aging,it becomes of fundamental importance that we start understanding the origins of neurodegeneration in order to develop effective disease modifying *** PD patients suffer from a combination of motor and nonmotor disabilities.

关键词： second patients suffering

Objective Rating of the Launch Behavior of Conventional,Hybrid and Electric Vehicles

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Automotive Innovation 2021年第1期4卷 70-80页

作者： christian Dorsch Xiao Wang Ferit Kucukay Institute of Automotive Engineering Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweig 38106Germany

The calibration of conventional,hybrid and electric drivetrains is an important process during the development phase of any ***,to optimize the comfort and dynamic behavior(known as driveability),many test drives are performed by experienced drivers during different driving maneuvers,e.g.,launch,re-launch or gear ***,the process can be kept more consistent and independent of human-based deviations by using objective *** study first introduces an objective rating system developed for the launch behavior of conventional vehicles with automatic transmission,dual-clutch transmission,and alternative ***,the launch behavior,namely comfort and dynamic quality,is compared between two conventional vehicles,a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and a battery electric *** show the benefits of pure electric drivetrains due to the lack of launch and shifting elements,as well as the usage of a highly dynamic electric *** the plug-in hybrid achieves a 10%higher overall rating compared to the baseline conventional vehicle,the pure electric vehicle even achieves a 21%higher overall *** results also highlight the optimization potential of battery electric vehicles regarding their comfort and dynamic *** transitions and the gradient of the acceleration build-up have a major influence on the launch quality.

关键词： Objective rating Launch behavior Driveability Transmission calibration Drivetrain calibration

Status and determinants of other gainful activities by farmers in mountainous rural regions of Gilgit-Baltistan,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第10期18卷 2520-2539页

作者： SHAHZAD Muhammad Abid AHMED Vaqar FISCHER christian Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-BolzanoBolzano 39100Italy Sustainable Development Policy Institute Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Non-farm income sources are important for livelihood sustenance,especially in the mountainous regions of developing *** implement effective policies to improve economic development,policymakers need insights at the grassroots ***,there is a lack of empirical evidence in the context of *** study examines the current situation and the factors influencing the decision by farmers to engage in other gainful activities(OGAs)such as farm diversification and off-farm work in the northern mountainous regions of *** study is based on quantitative survey data obtained from 459 farm managers and qualitative data from 24 key informants from five different districts in *** a logistic regression model,a statistical analysis is conducted on farmer and farm characteristics to investigate the probability of farm managers to engage in *** survey results show that around 71%of farm managers are engaged in OGAs(with 24%in farm diversification,61%in offfarm work and 15%in both).The share of female farm managers is 51%in farm diversification while male farm managers dominate off-farm activities(69%).The most prevalent types of farm diversification are the processing of farm products and tourism-related farm work,while the main off-farm activities are setting up grocery stores outside the farm,having salaried jobs or engaging in other non-agricultural *** are significant differences between farmers with and without OGAs particularly regarding farmer characteristics,agricultural income and some other *** logit model results show that farmer characteristics mainly determine off-farm work activities while farm(and other)characteristics mostly explain farm *** findings suggest that OGAs primarily exist as livelihood *** diversification is linked with the long-term sustenance of agricultural activities while off-farm work is predominantly driven by economic *** types of OGAs re

关键词： Other gainful activities Off-farm work Farm diversification Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan

COVID-19:Insights into long-term manifestations and lockdown impacts

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第4期12卷 438-463页

作者： Erika Hilbold christian Bär Thomas Thum Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies(IMTTS) Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases(CIMD) Hannover 30625Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine(ITEM) Hannover 30625Germany

Coronaviruses are pathogens thought to primarily affect the respiratory tracts of *** outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in 2019 was also marked mainly by its symptoms of respiratory illness,which were named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Since its initial discovery,many other symptoms have been linked to acute SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as to the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 *** these symptoms are different categories of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),which continue to be the main cause of death *** World Health Organization estimates that 17.9 million people die from CVDs each year,accounting for~32%of all deaths *** inactivity is one of the most important behavioral risk factors for *** COVID-19 pandemic has affected CVDs as well as the physical activity in different ***,we provide an overview of the current status as well as future challenges and possible solutions.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease COVID-19 Long COVID Physical activity Return to play

Flow-structure interaction of an inverted flag in a water tunnel

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第12期62卷 57-67页

作者： YaoWei Hu JiangSheng Wang JinJun Wang christian Breitsamter Key Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics(Beihang University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China Lehrstuhl fur Aerodynamik und Stromungsmechanik Technische Universitat MiinchenGarching 85748Germany

Herein, the dynamics and flow fields of an inverted flag are studied using hydrogen bubble flow visualization and particle image velocimetry technologies at different height-to-length ratios and flow velocities in a water tunnel. Results show that the heightto-length ratio of the inverted flag at which the critical flow velocity remains nearly constant is approximately 1.4. Moreover, a nonperiodic flapping phenomenon is observed under various height-to-length ratios. This phenomenon may be attributed to the existence of multiple equilibrium solutions to the self-excited vibration system, thus engendering chaos in the system comprising an inverted flag and surrounding fluid. Other indications that the system has entered chaos include multiple frequencies, nonoverlapping phase diagram, and positive Lyapunov exponent. Further discussion of the flow fields around the inverted flag reveals that the large-amplitude oscillation is due to the flow separation, while the flapping instability is a static divergence instability. In the large flapping mode, the starting leading-edge vortex(LEV) is wrapped by Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities,which are arranged at almost uniform spacing along a circular path. In addition, the variation in position, circulation, and radius of the starting LEV are discussed in detail.

关键词： inverted flag modes aperiodic flapping LEV

Chemical composition and formation mechanisms in the cathode-electrolyte interface layer of lithium manganese oxide batteries from reactive force field （ReaxFF） based molecular dynamics

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第3期11卷 365-373页

作者： Sahithya REDDIVARI christian LASTOSKIE Ruofei WU Junliang ZHANG Perimeter College Georgia State University Clarkston GA 30021 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2125 USA Institute of Fuel Cells MOE Key Laboratory of Power & Machinery Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Lithium manganese oxide （LiMn2O4） is a principal cathode material for high power and high energy density electrochemical storage on account of its low cost, non-toxicity, and ease of preparation relative to other cathode materials. However, there are well-documented problems with capacity fade of lithium ion batteries containing LiMn2O4. Experimental observations indicate that the manganese content of the electrolyte increases as an electrochemical cell containing LiMn2O4 ages, suggesting that active material loss by dissolution of divalent manganese from the LiMn2O4 surface is the primary reason for reduced cell life in LiMn2O4 batteries. To improve the retention of manganese in the active material, it is key to understand the reactions that occur at the cathode surface. Although a thin layer of electrolyte decomposition products is known to form at the cathode surface, the speciation and reaction mechanisms of Mn^2＋ in this interface layer are not yet well understood. To bridge this knowledge gap, reactive force field （ReaxFF） based molecular dynamics was applied to investigate the reactions occurring at the LiMn2O4 cathode surface and the mechanisms that lead to manganese dissolution. The ReaxFFMD simulations reveal that the cathode-electrolyte interface layer is composed of oxida- tion products of electrolyte solvent molecules including aldehydes, esters, alcohols, polycarbonates, and organic radicals. The oxidation reaction pathways for the electro- lyre solvent molecules involve the formation of surface hydroxyl species that react with exposed manganese atoms on the cathode surface. The presence of hydrogen fluoride （HF） induces formation of inorganic metal fluorides and surface hydroxyl species. Reaction products predicted by ReaxFF-based MD are in agreement with experimentally identified cathode-electrolyte interface compounds. An overall cathode-electrolyte interface reaction scheme is proposed based on the molecular simulation results.

关键词： lithium manganese oxide batteries reactiveforce field (ReaxFF) cathode-electrolyte interface layer,molecular dynamics

Nature-based recreation for the elderly in urban areas:assessing opportunities and demand as planning support

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 587-603页

作者： Chen Wen christian Albert Christina von Haaren School of Architecture and Urban Planning Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road430074 WuhanChina Institute of Environmental Planning Leibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany Institute of Geography Ruhr University BochumBochumGermany

Background:With elderly people comprising a growing share of the population,landscape planners need to consider their specific requirements to enhance the opportunities for them to engage in nature-based recreation(NBR).However,few studies have spatially assessed the recreation potential,demand,and opportunities for elderly people in ***,this paper aimed to spatially model and investigate the NBR opportunities for and demand of elderly people in urban areas.A spatial framework based on the ESTIMAP recreation model was developed,considering special factors to better reflect elderly people’s preferences regarding NBR at the city *** particular,NBR opportunities were assessed considering landscape aesthetics,various types of facilities,and *** street network was used to understand elderly people’s walking behaviours regarding green spaces and related ***:A case study in Hannover,Germany,demonstrated the applicability of the proposed *** results illustrate the spatial heterogeneity of recreation options for the *** parts of Hannover’s green spaces offer high recreation opportunities for elderly *** of the existing green spaces lack diverse landscape compo-nents and sufficient supply of facilities,resulting in a compromise to aesthetics and recreational ***:The proposed method contributes to research on spatial planning and environmental justice by incorporating vulnerable groups’preferences and needs in spatially assessing *** planning implications highlight pocket gardens and greenways connecting communities and parks as development opportunities in the city.

关键词： Sustainability Nature-based recreation Population aging Landscape architecture GIS mapping Urban design

Sedimentation acceleration of remanent iron oxide by magnetic flocculation

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China Particuology 2007年第1期5卷 145-150页

作者： Mathias Stolarski christian Eichholz Benjamin Fuchs Hermann Nirschl Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM) University of Karlsruhe 76131 Karlsruhe Germany DuPont Experimental Station Building E304 Wilmington DE 19880 USA

Sedimentation based processes are widely used in industry to separate particles from a liquid phase. Since the advent of the ＂Nanoworld＂ the demand for effective separation technologies has rapidly risen, calling for the development of new separation concepts, one of which lies in hybrid separation using the superposition of a magnetic field for magnetic particles. Possible product portfolio of such separation consists of pigment production, nanomagnetics production for electronics and bio separation, A promising step in that direction is magnetic field enhanced cake filtration, which has by now progressed from batch to continuous ooeration. In sedimentation processes in a mass force field the settling behaviour of particles strongly depends on physico-chemical properties, concentration and size distribution of the particles. By adjusting the pH, the interparticle forces, in particular the electrostatic repulsion, can be manipulated. For remanent magnetic particles such as magnetite, pre-treatment in a magnetic field could lead to a change of interparticle interactions. By magnetizing the particles apart from van der Waals attraction and electrostatic repulsion, an additional potential is induced, the magnetic attraction, which could easily dominate the other potentials and result in agglomeration in the primary minimum. By sedimentation analysis, a wide spectrum of parameters like pH, magnetic field strength and concentration have been investigated. The results show a strong increase of sedimentation velocity by magnetic flocculation of the raw suspension. This leads to a rise in throughput due to the acceleration of sedimentation kinetics by imparting a non-chemical interaction to the physico-chemical properties in the feed stream of the separation apparatus.

关键词： Magnetic flocculation Field enhanced separation Cake filtration Magnetic structuring Magnetic separation