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Benchmarking (for Universities)

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中外科技信息 2001年第11期 79-80页

作者： christian winter hauser furch und partner Untemehmensberatung

Benchmarking can be formally defined as a the"process of continuously comparing and measuring one’s processes against other (worldwide) organisations togain information on one’s practices, processes or meth-odologies that will help one’s organiation take action toimprove its performance". Pioneered by Xerox Corporation in the 1979’s aspart of their response to international competition in thePhotocopier market, it became popular in the 1980’sas a test procedure for high performance computers fo-cused on the question: Which system performs fastest agiven task? It’s scope was then enlarged to includebusiness services and processes. For examle Xeroxnow benchmarks nearly 240 performance elements with

关键词： for Universities Benchmarking

Treatment of clinical stage Ⅰ non-seminoma

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第2期 161-169页

作者： christian winter Ahareas Hiester Department of Urology University of DuesseldorfMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-University

Germ cell cancers are the most common solid tumors among men between 15 and 40 ***-seminomatous germ cell tumors(NSGCTs) represent a unique and exclusive cohort of germ cell tumor ***-seminoma can harbor different histologic *** most commonly found histologies are embryonal cell cancer,teratoma,yolk sack tumor and choriocarcinoma,as well as teratocarcinoma and seminoma,in combination with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors histologic *** clinical definition of stage Ⅰ nonseminoma is the absence of metastatic lesions on imaging and normal tumor *** cure rate for clinical stage Ⅰ NSGCT is 99% and this can be achieved by three therapeutic strategies:Active surveillance with treatment at the time of relapse,retroperitoneal lymph node dissection or adjuvant *** balancing of these various strategies should always be based on an individual risk profile of NGSCG patient depending on the lymphovascular invasion of the tumor.

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Cellular models of stress resistance may pave ways to fight neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2579-2580页

作者： Thu Nguyen Minh Pham christian Behl Institute of Pathobiochemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany

Alzheimer's disease(AD),the most common form of neurodegeneration,is characterized by selective neuronal vulnerability and brain regionselective neuron *** entorhinal cortex and hippoc,ampal CA1 projection neurons are at greater risk in AD whereas other regions display resistance to ***,the cerebellum,a phylogenetically very old region,is affected only very late in the disease progression.

关键词： cortex resistance Alzheimer

Many faces of neuronal activity manipulation in Drosophila

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2574-2576页

作者： Amber Krebs Steffen Kautzmann christian Klämbt Institut für Neuro-und Verhaltensbiologie MünsterGermany

Animals exhibit complex responses to external and internal *** information is computed by interconnected neurons that express numerous ion channels,which modulate the neuronal membrane *** can neuronal activity orchestrate complex motor patterns or allow learning from previous experience?To answer such questions,we need the ability not only to record,but also to modulate neuronal activity in both space(e.g.,neuronal subsets)and time.

关键词： manipulation potential. neuronal

术中二维相干光断层扫描作为前节手术的一个新工具

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2005年第4期17卷 221-224,255页

作者： Gerd Geerling Maya Müller christian winter Hans Hoerauf Stefan Oelckers Horst Laqua Reginald Birngruber 李晓宁（译）任泽钦（校） Department of Ophthalmology Medical University of Labeck Labeck Germany 4optics Lübeck Germany Moller-Wedel Wedel Germany Medical Laser Center Lübeck Germany 不详

我们测试了1310nm相干光断层扫描仪与手术显微镜前部镜头的分光镜连接后对前节手术过程中术中的非接触性成像。这项对相干光断层成像技术的新改进可完成前节手术术中角膜、巩膜的高分辨率横断面的成像与厚度测量。其在板层切开技术如深... 详细信息

我们测试了1310nm相干光断层扫描仪与手术显微镜前部镜头的分光镜连接后对前节手术过程中术中的非接触性成像。这项对相干光断层成像技术的新改进可完成前节手术术中角膜、巩膜的高分辨率横断面的成像与厚度测量。其在板层切开技术如深层前板层角膜移植术和小梁切除术中尤为有用。

关键词：断层扫描仪手术过程相干光术中前板层角膜移植术断层成像技术工具二维手术显微镜非接触性

Design and simulation of gas burner ejectors

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 28-35页

作者： Mario Pichler Florian Wesenauer christian Jordan Stefan Puskas Bernhard Streibl Franz winter Michael Harasek Institute of Chemical Environmental&Bioscience EngineeringTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1661060 ViennaAustria Wienerberger AG Wienerbergerplatz 11100 ViennaAustria DrS3–Strömungsberechnung und Simulation e.U. Simmeringer Hauptstraße 397/1411110 ViennaAustria

Ignition within gas burner ejectors can lead to off design conditions and has significant influence on the burner *** ignition in the ejector should be *** the present study the influence of combustion reactions on the performance of gas burner injectors is *** investigate if ignition is possible,simulated ignition delay times,using a detailed reaction mechanism,are compared to predicted mean residence times of the gas in the *** burner ejectors are designed using one dimensional analytic equations,based on energy and momentum conservation equations and conventional isentropic equations.1D results are compared to 2D computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,to take into account non-ideal mixing effects along the *** are validated with experiments with air at room temperature.1D results show very good agreement not only with CFD simulations for the case of non-reactive flows,but also with performed *** is shown that the assumption of ideal mixing along the ejector and thus the comparison of the ignition delay time to the gas mean residence time,to predict ignition in the ejector,is not *** in the ejector is possible,even if the ignition delay time is more than thirty times higher than the mean residence *** addition to that,it is shown,that ignition and the choice of reaction mechanism have significant influence on the predicted gas burner ejector ***,the accurate prediction of ignition delay time and the use of a detailed reaction kinetic are mandatory to correctly predict the burner ejector behavior.

关键词： Self-ignition Flammability limits Reacting jet Ejector Jet pump Computational fluid dynamics

Schrodinger and Klein-Gordon theories of black holes from the quantization of the Oppenheimer and Snyder gravitational collapse

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第9期75卷 122-135页

作者： christian Corda SUNY Polytechnic Institute 13502 UticaNew YorkUSAIstituto Livi59100 PratoTuscanyItaly and International Institute for Applicable Mathematics and Information SciencesB M Birla Science CentreAdarshnagarHyderabad 500063India

The Schrodinger equation of the Schwarzschild black hole(BH) has been recently derived by the author and collaborators. The BH is composed of a particle, the 'electron', interacting with a central field, the 'nucleus'. Via de Broglie's hypothesis, one interprets the 'electron' in terms of BH horizon's modes. Quantum gravity effects modify the BH semi-classical structure at the Schwarzschild scale rather than at the Planck scale. The analogy between this BH Schrodinger equation and the Schrodinger equation of the s states of the hydrogen atom permits us to solve the same equation. The quantum gravitational quantities analogous of the fine structure constant and of the Rydberg constant are not constants, but the dynamical quantities have well-defined discrete spectra. The spectrum of the 'gravitational fine structure constant' is the set of non-zero natural numbers. Therefore, BHs are well-defined quantum gravitational systems obeying Schrodinger's theory: the 'gravitational hydrogen atoms'. By identifying the potential energy in the BH Schrodinger equation as being the gravitational energy of a spherically symmetric shell, a different nature of the quantum BH seems to surface. BHs are self-interacting, highly excited,spherically symmetric, massive quantum shells generated by matter condensing on the apparent horizon, concretely realizing the membrane paradigm. The quantum BH described as a'gravitational hydrogen atom' is a fictitious mathematical representation of the real, quantum BH, a quantum massive shell having a radius equal to the oscillating gravitational *** consequences emerge from this result:(i) BHs have neither horizons nor singularities;(ii) there is neither information loss in BH evaporation, nor BH complementarity, nor firewall paradox. These results are consistent with previous ones by Hawking, Vaz, Mitra and ***, the special relativistic corrections to the BH Schrodinger equation give the BH Klein–Gordon equation and the cor

关键词： quantum black holes information paradox quantum shells quantum levels Schrodinger and Klein-Gordon theories

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Insensitive high explosives:Ⅳ. Nitroguanidine-Initiation & detonation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 467-487页

作者： Ernst-christian Koch Lutradyn-Energetic Materials

This paper reviews the detonative properties of low bulk density(LBD),high bulk density(HBD)Nitroguanidine(NGu)(1),CAS-No:[556-88-7]and 82 explosive formulations based on NGu reported in the public *** rank the performance of those formulations they are compared with 15 reference compositions containing both standard high explosives such as octogen(HMX)(2),hexogen(RDX)(3),pentaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN)(4),2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)(5)as well as insensitive high explosives such as 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazolone(NTO)(6),1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene(TATB)(7),1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene(FOX-7)(8)and N-Guanylurea dinitramide(FOX 12)(9).NGu based formulations are superior to those based on FOX-12 or TATB and are a close match with FOX-7 based explosives,the latter just having higher Gurney Energies(-10%)and slightly higher detonation pressure(+2%).NGu based explosives even reach up to 78% of the detonation pressure,82% Gurney energy and up to 95% of detonation velocity of ***-NGu dissolves in many melt cast eutectics forming dense charges thereby eliminating the need for costly High Bulk Density *** based formulations are at the rock bottom of sensitiveness among all the above-mentioned explosives which contributes to the safety of these *** review gives 132 references to the public *** a review on the synthesis spectroscopy and sensitiveness of Nitroguanidine see Ref.[1].

关键词： Cook-off Detonation Insensitive munitions Nitroguanidine Shock sensitvity